阿爾泰淖爾烏梁海




阿爾泰淖爾烏梁海，一作阿爾泰諾爾烏梁海，是清代科布多所屬烏梁海的一個部落，編為二旗。在阿爾泰烏梁海西北。乾隆二十二年（1757年）歸附清朝，後隸屬於科布多參贊大臣。其牧地大致相當於今俄羅斯阿尔泰共和国全境、阿爾泰邊疆區東部及哈薩克斯坦東哈薩克斯坦州東北一隅。同治三年（1864年），根據《中俄勘分西北界約記》，阿爾泰淖爾烏梁海被俄國割佔。其地居民主要是操突厥語族“阿爾泰語”的林中狩獵部落，俄國稱其為“衛拉特人”，1948年後改稱阿爾泰人。




目录






  • 1 歷史


  • 2 参见


  • 3 参考文献


    • 3.1 引用


    • 3.2 书籍







歷史


阿爾泰淖爾烏梁海原由準噶爾統治。乾隆年間滅準噶爾，招撫烏梁海各部落。乾隆二十二年（1757年），阿爾泰淖爾烏梁海宰桑特勒伯克、扎爾納克率部內附，授總管。乾隆二十三年（1758年），置阿爾泰淖爾烏梁海二旗，每旗設總管一人。二十七年，定二旗各設佐領二人。其牧地“南與杜爾伯特接界，東與唐努烏梁海接界，西與哈薩克接界，北與俄羅斯接界。”[1]


道光以後邊政漸弛，清兵往往不再到阿爾泰淖爾烏梁海一帶巡查邊界卡倫、鄂博。俄羅斯人乘機在該部境內的吹河築城。咸豐十年（1860年）中俄訂立《北京條約》及其後的《中俄勘分西北界約記》，將阿爾泰淖爾烏梁海割讓予俄國。同治六年（1867年）十月，阿爾泰淖爾總管莽泰奏報俄人收繳莽泰旗及總管察罕旗印信。


俄國將其劃入托木斯克省。1922年6月1日，苏维埃俄国在其地成立厄魯特自治州（一譯“奧伊羅特自治州”[2]），1948年1月7日改名為戈爾諾-阿爾泰自治州。1992年改为阿尔泰共和国。



参见



  • 阿尔泰人

  • 图巴拉尔人

  • 捷列茨科耶湖



参考文献



引用





  1. ^ 光緒《會典事例》卷九百六十六理藩院疆理


  2. ^ 《苏联百科手册》戈爾諾-阿爾泰自治州條




书籍




  • 光緒《欽定大清會典事例》，全国图书馆文献缩微复制中心影印殿本

  • 《清史稿》，中華書局點校本


  • 譚其驤等，1974，《中國歷史地圖集》，北京：中國地圖出版社

  • A. M. 普罗霍罗夫主编，本书译审委员会译，1986，《苏联百科辞典》第二版，北京：中国大百科全书出版社

  • 新疆社会科学院历史研究所，1987，《新疆地方历史资料选辑》 ，北京：人民出版社

  • A. M. 普罗霍罗夫主编，中国社会科学院苏联东欧研究所翻译组译，1988，《苏联百科手册》，济南：山东人民出版社
























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