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An agar plate streaked with microorganisms Microbiology (from Greek μῑκρος , mīkros , "small"; βίος , bios , "life"; and -λογία , -logia ) is the study of microorganisms, those being unicellular (single cell), multicellular (cell colony), or acellular (lacking cells). [1] Microbiology encompasses numerous sub-disciplines including virology, parasitology, mycology and bacteriology. Eukaryotic microorganisms possess membrane-bound cell organelles and include fungi and protists, whereas prokaryotic organisms—all of which are microorganisms—are conventionally classified as lacking membrane-bound organelles and include Bacteria and Archaea [2] [3] . Microbiologists traditionally relied on culture, staining, and microscopy. However, less than 1% of the microorganisms present in common environments can be cultured in isolation using current means. [4] Microbiologists often rely on molecular biology tools such as DNA sequence based identification, for example 1