加密





在密码学中，加密（英语：Encryption）是将明文信息改變為難以讀取的密文內容，使之不可读的过程。只有擁有解密方法的對象，經由解密過程，才能將密文還原為正常可讀的內容。




目录






  • 1 历史


  • 2 應用


  • 3 相關軟件


  • 4 加密算法


  • 5 参见


  • 6 参考资料





历史


虽然加密作为通信保密的手段已经存在了几个世纪，但是只有那些对安全要求特别高的组织和个人才会使用它。


在1970年代中期，「强加密」（Strong Encryption）的使用开始从政府保密机构延伸至公共领域，并且目前已经成为保护许多广泛使用系统的方法，比如因特网电子商务、手机网络和银行自动取款机等[1]。



應用


加密可以用于保证安全性，但是其它一些技术在保障通信安全方面仍然是必须的，尤其是关于数据完整性和信息验证。例如，信息验证码（MAC）或者数字签名。另一方面的考虑是为了应付流量分析。



相關軟件


加密或软件编码隐匿（Code Obfuscation）同时也在软件版权保护中，用于对付反向工程，未授权的程序分析，破解和软件盗版及數位內容的數位版權管理（DRM）等。



加密算法


加密算法就是加密的方法。


加密算法可以分为两类：对称加密和非对称加密


在密码学中，加密是将明文信息隐匿起来，使之在缺少特殊信息时不可读。


对称加密就是将信息使用一个密钥进行加密，解密时使用同样的密钥，同样的算法进行解密。


非对称加密，又称公开密钥加密，是加密和解密使用不同密钥的算法，广泛用于信息传输中。



参见



  • 密碼學

  • 數位簽章



参考资料





  1. ^ 加密，编密码，加密术. 






规范控制


  • GND: 4352893-4

  • NDL: 00560252



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