高棉帝国




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高棉帝国

កម្វុជទេឝ
కాంబోజదేశం
ख्मेर साम्राज्य
Kambujadesa


802年－1431年

900年 红色：高棉帝国 绿色：骇黎朋猜 黄色：占婆 浅绿色：三佛齐
900年
红色：高棉帝国
绿色：骇黎朋猜
黄色：占婆
浅绿色：三佛齐

首都
Yasodharapura（英语：Yasodharapura）
Hariharalaya（英语：Hariharalaya）
吴哥
常用语言
高棉语
宗教
印度教
大乘佛教
上座部佛教
政府
绝对君主制
国王
 


• 802–850

阇耶跋摩二世
• 1113–1150

苏利耶跋摩二世
• 1181–1218

阇耶跋摩七世
• 1393–1463

奔哈·亚
历史时期
中世纪


• 继承自真腊

802年
• 被洛韦取代

1431年
人口


• 

3,000,000











先前国
继承国





真腊






洛韦



高棉帝国又称为吴哥王朝（高棉语：អាណាចក្រខ្មែរ）是位於東南亞中南半島柬埔寨的一个古国。高棉（Khmer）於中國古籍則稱吉蔑、閣蔑。




目录






  • 1 興起


  • 2 衰落


  • 3 參考資料


  • 4 参见





興起


約公元400年，高棉人建立名為真臘的國家，國力發展至7世紀中阇耶跋摩一世統治時期最為強盛，版圖直達今寮國境內和泰國的東北部。


高棉人信奉印度教，這一時期開始傳入佛教。真臘衰落以後，被爪哇人短暫佔領了一段時間。802年，阇耶跋摩二世建立高棉國，立都於吳哥王城，因武功被譽為神王。當代的高棉軍隊有戰象百頭，征服了周邊大多數地區。1010-1150年蘇利耶跋摩一世和蘇利耶跋摩二世的統治時期，國勢鼎盛。



衰落


15世紀30年代時，高棉帝國由於中世紀溫暖時期結束，氣候由夏季降雨穩定型態轉為厄爾尼諾現象與乾旱頻繁的氣候型態[1]，以往為了支持吳哥王城的龐大人口，高棉人大舉砍伐森林、開墾農田，導致水土流失，使得長年戮力建設的洞里薩水資源管理系統淤積，在乾旱季節無法有效供應農田用水；遇到乾旱時狀況更加嚴重，使農作物產量遽降，無法再供應數十萬人的糧食需求，致吳哥城衰落，終於16世紀末期成為廢城[2]，後來占城入侵，吳哥大败，加上首都已成為废城，整個王朝陷入崩潰，终于在1431年暹羅阿瑜陀耶王朝攻滅吳哥，终结了这个王朝。



參考資料






















Angkor1866.jpg
柬埔寨历史系列条目

扶南
约1世纪–550

真腊
约6世纪–802

高棉帝国
802–1431

黑暗时期
竹里木时期 1431–1525

洛韦时期 1525–1593

桑多（英语：Srey Santhor District）时期 1594–1620

乌栋时期 1620–1863

法国统治时期
1867-1953
日本占领时期 1941-1945

柬埔寨王国
1953-1970

高棉共和国
1970-1975
柬王国民联政府

民主柬埔寨
1976-1979

柬埔寨人民共和国
1979-1993
联柬权力机构

柬埔寨王国
1993至今


  • 查

  • 论

  • 编






  1. ^ Brendan M. Buckley,Kevin J. Anchukaitis, Daniel Penny, Roland Fletcher, Edward R. Cook, Masaki Sano,
    Le Canh Name, Aroonrut Wichienkeeo, Ton That Minh, and Truong Mai Hong. 2010. Climate as a contributing factor in the demise of Angkor, Cambodia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA


  2. ^ 第十一章：飛魚海洋與吳哥窟的覆滅來自：歷史上的大暖化 Climate Change and the Rise and Fall of Civilizations: The Great Warming. 布萊恩‧費根 Brian Fagan著，野人文化出版






参见






维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源：高棉帝国


  • 柬埔寨历史

  • 柬埔寨君主列表

  • 吳哥古蹟




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