Republic of Korea Navy

Naval warfare branch of South Korea's military

This article is about South Korean navy. For North Korean navy, see Korean People's Navy.

Republic of Korea Navy
대한민국 해군 大韓民國 海軍 Daehan Minguk Haegun
Logo of the ROK Navy since 2000
Founded	November 11, 1945; 73 years ago (1945-11-11)
Country	South Korea
Branch	Navy
Size	Apx. 70,000 active duty personnel incl. 29,000 marines (2018)[1] Apx. 150 ships and 70 aircraft[1]
Part of	Republic of Korea Armed Forces
Headquarters	Republic of Korea Navy HQ, Gyeryongdae complex, Gyeryong
Motto(s)	Korean: "바다로, 세계로" ("Badaro, segyero"; "To the sea, to the world")
March	Haegunga (Navy Anthem)[2]
Fleet	16 submarines 12 destroyers 13 frigates 13 corvettes 64 patrol vessels 14 amphibious warfare ships 11 mine warfare ships 17 auxiliary ships
Engagements	Korean War Vietnam War Operation Enduring Freedom Combined Task Force 151 (2009– )
Website	www.navy.mil.kr
Commanders
Commander-in-Chief	President Moon Jae-in
Minister of National Defense	Jeong Kyeong-doo
Chief of Naval Operations	Admiral Sim Seung-seob (33rd)
Notable commanders	Vice Admiral Sohn Won-yil (1st CNO)
Insignia
Naval ensign
Flag and naval jack
Roundel

The Republic of Korea Navy (Korean: 대한민국 해군), also known as the ROK Navy (ROKN), is the naval warfare service branch of the South Korean armed forces, responsible for naval and amphibious operations.^[3] The ROK Navy includes the Republic of Korea Marine Corps, which functions as a branch of the Navy.^[4] Established in 1945, the ROK Navy is the oldest branch of the South Korean armed forces.

Since the end of the Korean War, the South Korean navy had concentrated its efforts on building naval forces to counteract the North Korean navy, which has littoral naval capabilities. As South Korea's economy grew, the ROK Navy was able to locally build larger and better equipped fleets to deter aggression, to protect the sea lines of communication, and to support the nation's foreign policy.^[5] As part of its mission, the ROK Navy has engaged in several peacekeeping operations since the turn of the 21st century.^[6]

The ROK Navy has about 70,000 regular personnel including 29,000 Republic of Korea Marines. There are about 150 commissioned ships with the ROK Navy (a total displacement of about 215,000 tonnes^[7]). The naval aviation force consists of about 70 fixed-wing and rotary-wing aircraft. The ROK Marine Corps has about 300 tracked vehicles including assault amphibious vehicles.

The ROK Navy aims to become a blue-water navy in 2020s.^[8][9]

Contents

• 
  1 Duties and objectives
  


• 
  2 History
  
  
  
  • 
    2.1 Origins
    
  
  
  • 
    2.2 Founding years and Korean War
    
  
  
  • 
    2.3 Building the Navy
    
  
  
  • 
    2.4 Modernizing the Navy
    
  
  
  • 
    2.5 From a coastal navy to a green-water navy
    
  
  
  • 
    2.6 From green water to blue water
    
  
  
  
  


• 
  3 Organization
  
  
  
  • 
    3.1 Republic of Korea Navy Headquarters
    
  
  
  • 
    3.2 Republic of Korea Fleet
    
    
    
    • 
      3.2.1 Numbered fleets
      
    
    
    • 
      3.2.2 Submarine Force Command
      
    
    
    • 
      3.2.3 Maritime Task Flotilla
      
    
    
    
    
  
  
  • 
    3.3 Republic of Korea Marine Corps
    
  
  
  • 
    3.4 Republic of Korea Naval Academy
    
  
  
  • 
    3.5 Naval Education and Training Command
    
  
  
  • 
    3.6 Naval Logistics Command
    
  
  
  • 
    3.7 U.S. naval units in South Korea
    
  
  
  
  


• 
  4 Location
  
  
  
  • 
    4.1 Jeju Civilian-Military Complex Port
    
  
  
  
  


• 
  5 Personnel
  
  
  
  • 
    5.1 Commissioned officers
    
  
  
  • 
    5.2 Warrant officers
    
  
  
  • 
    5.3 Petty officers
    
  
  
  • 
    5.4 Seamen
    
  
  
  • 
    5.5 Uniforms
    
  
  
  • 
    5.6 Ranks and rates
    
  
  
  
  


• 
  6 International activities
  
  
  
  • 
    6.1 Anti-piracy operations
    
  
  
  • 
    6.2 International fleet review
    
  
  
  
  


• 
  7 Equipment
  
  
  
  • 
    7.1 Ships
    
  
  
  • 
    7.2 Aircraft
    
  
  
  • 
    7.3 Weaponry
    
  
  
  
  


• 
  8 Future developments
  
  
  
  • 
    8.1 Ships
    
  
  
  • 
    8.2 Aircraft
    
  
  
  
  


• 
  9 See also
  


• 
  10 Footnotes
  


• 
  11 References
  


• 
  12 External links
  
  
  
  • 
    12.1 Video clips
    
  
  
  
  

Duties and objectives

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The main duties of the Navy shall be operations on the sea, including landing operations, and the main duties of the Marine Corps shall be landing operations, and the Navy and Marine Corps shall be formed and equipped for that purpose and shall provide education and training necessary therefor.

— Act on the Organization of National Armed Forces^[10]

The objectives of the ROK Navy as core strength for the National Security are:^[11][12]

• Establishing self-reliant naval forces to deter war


• Securing maritime superiority to gain victory


• Promoting national interests through protection of maritime activities


• Enhancing the national prestige through naval presence

History

Main article: History of the Republic of Korea Navy

Origins

Early 15th century Korean turtle ship in an illustration dating to 1795^[13]

Korea has a long history of naval activity. In the late 4th century during the Three Kingdoms Period, Goguryeo defeated Baekje, fielding amphibious forces of 40,000 men in the process. In the 9th century, Commissioner Chang Bogo of Unified Silla established a maritime base called Cheonghaejin on an island to foster trading with China and Japan, and to eradicate pirates.

In 1380, naval forces of the Goryeo Dynasty defeated 500 invading Japanese pirate vessels by deploying shipboard guns, devised by Choi Moosun.This is reportedly the first use of shipboard guns in naval history. In 1389 and 1419, Korean naval forces invaded Tsushima Island to suppress Japanese piracy. In the early years of the Joseon Dynasty, the naval force reached its peak of 50,000 personnel, in order to combat the ongoing piracy issue.^[14]

During the Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598), the Korean naval force commanded by Admiral Yi Sunshin, who later became the head of the Navy, cut off the invaders' naval lifeline and defeated the Japanese fleet, reversing the war in favor of Joseon.^[15] Admiral Yi is also credited with the creation of the Turtle Ship.

By the end of 19th century, the Joseon Navy had no significant naval force^[16] other than coastal defense fortresses. Although there was an attempt to modernize the navy by establishing a royal naval school, the Joseon Navy was brought to an end in 1895. In 1903, the government of the Korean Empire purchased its first modern war ship, the Yangmu.^[17] Korean naval tradition was disrupted after Korea was annexed by the Empire of Japan in 1910. During the Japanese occupation period, the Imperial Japanese Navy built a naval base - Chinkai Guard District in southern Korea (at present-day Jinhae).

Founding years and Korean War

ROKS Baekdusan (PC 701), the first warship of the ROK Navy, undergoing refitting in Hawaii in March 1950

A ROKN sailor places a S. Korean naval ensign on a torpedo boat, after its transfer by the U.S. in the midst of the Korean War.

Shortly after Korea was liberated from the Empire of Japan on August 15, 1945, Sohn Won-yil, a former merchant mariner and son of the methodist minister and independence activist Sohn Jung-do,^[18] led the Maritime Affairs Association. The Association evolved into the Marine Defense Group on November 11, 1945 (Navy Foundation Day), and the Group became the Korean Coast Guard, which was formed at Jinhae in June 1946. After the new Republic of Korea government was established on August 15, 1948, the Korean Coast Guard was formally renamed the Republic of Korea Navy, and Sohn became the first Chief of Naval Operations of the ROK Navy on September 5, 1948.^[19] On April 15, 1949, the Republic of Korea Marine Corps (ROKMC) was founded in Jinhae.

In October 1949, the ROK Navy purchased a 600-ton submarine chaser, the former USS PC-823 with funds raised among its personnel. She was renamed ROKS Baekdusan (PC 701) after Paektu Mountain, and became "the first significant warship of the newly independent nation".^[20][21]

The Korean War started with the North Korean army's surprise attack on Sunday, June 25, 1950. The ROK Navy confronted threats from the North Korean navy: "Perhaps the most aggressive and effective, if smallest, member of the South Korean armed services during the first year of the Korean War was the Republic of Korea Navy (ROKN). At the outset of the conflict, the 6,956-man ROKN, with [33]^[22] naval vessels of various types, was outnumbered by the 13,700 men and 110 naval vessels of the North Korean navy."^[23] With its UN allies, dominated by U.S. forces, the ROK Navy was able to gain control in the seas surrounding the country. On July 27, 1953, the three-year-long war was brought to an end when an armistice agreement was signed. During the war, Australia, Canada, Colombia, Philippines, France, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Thailand, the United Kingdom, and the United States contributed naval vessels as UN allies; Denmark sent a hospital ship, MS Jutlandia.^[24]

The Commander-in-Chief Republic of Korea Fleet (CINCROKFLT), the highest operational command, was established in September 1953.

Building the Navy

ex-USN destroyer escorts transferred to the ROK Navy at Boston in 1956

After the Korean War, the ROK Navy built up its surface fleet with World War II-era warships loaned from the United States Navy (USN). In May 1963, the ROK Navy acquired its first destroyer, ROKS Chungmu (DD 91), a Fletcher-class destroyer. Starting from 1972, nine former USN Allen M. Sumner-class and Gearing-class destroyers were transferred and added to the ROK Fleet inventory.

During the Vietnam War, the ROK Navy dispatched a naval transport squadron called Baekgu. The Republic of Korea Marine Corps sent a combat brigade called Cheongnyong to Vietnam.

On January 19, 1967, ROKS Dangpo (PCE 56), the former USS Marfa, was sunk by North Korean coastal artillery north of the demarcation line off the east coast of Korea^[25] In June 1970, a navy broadcast vessel (I 2) was captured and abducted by North Korean patrol craft in the vicinity of Yeonpyeong Islands in the West Sea (Yellow Sea).^[26]

Modernizing the Navy

One of the Navy's first locally built Ulsan-class frigates

ROKN seamen in the early 1980s. The lettering on their hats reads "Republic of Korea Navy" in Korean.

In the 1970s, through the Park Chung-hee Administration's "Yulgok Plan" (an eight-year national defense plan "to build up self-reliant, national defense capability"),^[27] the ROK Navy began to build a fleet of locally built ships with indigenous technology. The Navy acquired shipbuilding capabilities by planning and building high-speed patrol craft such as Baekgu class and Chamsuri class in the 1970s - in November 1972, the ROK Navy launched its first domestically built fast patrol craft to intercept North Korean spy boats. The lead ship (FF 951) of the 2,000-ton Ulsan-class frigates was launched in 1980. The lead ship (PCC 751) of the 1,000-ton Donghae-class corvettes and the lead ship (PCC 756) of the updated Pohang-class corvettes were launched in 1982 and 1984 respectively. With local shipbuilders, the ROK Navy continued to carry out other shipbuilding programs for such as the Dolgorae-class midget submarine, Gojunbong-class tank landing ship, mine warfare ship (Wonsan-class minelayer, Ganggyeong-class minesweeper), Cheonji-class logistics support ship, and Cheonghaejin-class submarine rescue ship in the 1980s and 1990s.

In November 1987, the Headquarters Republic of Korea Marine Corps was re-established; it was disbanded in October 1973 due to budget constraint.^[28] In June 1993, the ROK Navy Headquarters was relocated from Seoul to the Gyeryongdae complex, the tri-service headquarters in Gyeryong.^[29]

From a coastal navy to a green-water navy

ROKS Lee Sunsin (SS 068), one of the Navy's first locally built Chang Bogo-class submarines

The Navy's first locally built AEGIS destroyer, ROKS Sejong the Great (DDG 991) in formation

Since the 1990s, the ROK Navy has been trying to build an ocean-going fleet to protect the sea lines of communication: In 1989, the Navy mentioned the "Strategic Task Fleet" (Jeollyak-gidong-hamdae) in the Joint Strategic Objectives Plan. The ROK Naval forces began to participated in RIMPAC exercise from 1990. During Admiral An Pyong-tae's tenure as CNO, President Kim Young-sam supported the Navy by approving a long-term shipbuilding plan for the ocean-going navy.^[30] In 1999, the Navy developed its strategic vision for 2020s as "Navy Vision 2020" that outlined the Navy's future Task Fleet, which includes light aircraft carriers and ballistic missile submarines.^[31]

At the same time, the ROK Navy steadily upgraded its naval forces: As a part of a plan to strengthen the surface combatant forces, the ROK Navy launched the lead ship (DDH 971) of the Kwanggaeto the Great-class destroyer in 1996 to replace the former USN destroyers. For building up a submarine force, the ROK Navy acquired its first submarine (other than midget submarines), ROKS Chang Bogo (SS 061), from Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft of Germany in 1992. In order to replace its antiquated S-2 Tracker anti-submarine warfare airplanes, South Korea purchased a squadron of P-3C Orion maritime patrol aircraft, which were delivered to the ROK Navy starting in 1995.

In October 1998, the ROK Navy hosted its first international fleet review in commemoration of the 50th anniversary of the Republic of Korea and its armed forces off coast of Busan and Jinhae.

In 2002, the lead ship (DDH 975) of the 5,500-ton Chungmugong Yi Sunshin-class destroyers was launched.^[32] In 2005, the 18,800-ton amphibious warfare ship ROKS Dokdo (LPH 6111) was launched. In 2006, the ROK Navy launched the lead ship (SS 072), which was named after the first Chief of Naval Operations, of the 1,800-ton Sohn Wonyil-class submarine equipped with an Air-Independent Propulsion (AIP) system. In May 2007, the ROK Navy launched the lead ship (DDG 991) of the 11,000-ton Sejong the Great-class destroyers, built around the American-made AEGIS combat system and the SPY-1D(v) multi-function phased array radar.

From 2001 to 2003, a naval transport unit called Haeseong supported the Operation Enduring Freedom and the Sangnoksu Unit in East Timor. In 2005, the Navy dispatched a transport unit called Jejung to supply aid in humanitarian response to the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake.^[33] The ROK Navy hosted its second international fleet review off coast of Busan in October 2008 to celebrate the 60th anniversary of the South Korean government.

In December 2008, the lead ship (PKG 711) of the Yoon Youngha-class fast missile craft was commissioned. She was named after the skipper of ROKS Chamsuri 357 (PKM 357), which sank during the Second Battle of Yeonpyeong in 2002. On March 26, 2010, ROKS Cheonan (PCC 772), a Pohang-class corvette was sunk by a North Korean torpedo, resulting in death of 46 sailors near Baengnyeong Island, in the vicinity of the Northern Limit Line (NLL).^[34][35]

From green water to blue water

The Cheonghae task group of the multinational naval task force, Combined Task Force 151

In preparation for an ocean-going navy, the ROK Navy established a task force called Maritime Task Flotilla in February 2010.

Since 2009, a Chungmugong Yi Sunshin-class destroyer from the task force is being deployed as the Cheonghae task group in response to piracy off the coast of Somalia. On January 21, 2011, naval commandos of the task group carried out an operation, and succeeded in rescuing the crew of the hijacked MV Samho Jewelry.^[36] As a humanitarian operation, the unit was dispatched to evacuate South Koreans and foreign nationals from war-torn Libya in 2011 and 2014.^[37]

The ROK Navy completed a new naval base called Jeju Civilian-Military Complex Port in February 2016 on the southern coast of Jeju Island for basing the Maritime Task Flotilla and a submarine squadron to protect the sea lines of communication.^[38] In order to support ocean-going operations, the ROK Navy commissioned the 10,000-ton logistics support ship, ROKS Soyang (AOE 51), and launched the first locally designed 3,000-ton submarine, Dosan Ahn Changho (SS 083) in September 2018.^[39]

The ROK Navy continued shipbuilding programs to upgrade the fleet with local shipbuilders: In order to replace the aging Pohang-class corvettes and Ulsan-class frigates, and to take over multi-role operations such as coast patrol and anti-submarine warfare, the ROK Navy commissioned six 2,300-ton Incheon-class frigates between 2013 and 2016, and the lead ship (FFG 818) of the 2,800-ton Daegu-class frigates in March 2018.^[40] Two ex-USN Edenton-class salvage and rescue ships were replaced with two locally built 3500-ton Tongyeong-class salvage and rescue ships between 2014 and 2016. The Navy commissioned a 3,000-ton minelayer, ROKS Nampo (MLS 570) in June 2017. The lead ship of the PKX-B guided-rocket patrol craft, ROKS Chamsuri 211 (PKMR 211), was commissioned in November 2017 to relieve the aging fleet of Chamsuri-class patrol craft. The ROK Navy commissioned four 4,500-ton Cheonwangbong-class dock landing ships between 2014 and 2018. In May 2018, the Navy launched the Marado (LPH 6112), which was the second ship of the Dokdo-class amphibious transport dock. In June 2018, the Navy launched a 4,500-ton training ship, the Hansando (ATH 81), which was also designed as a casualty receiving and treatment ship (CRTS).^[41]

In October 2018, the Navy hosted its third international fleet review off coast of Jeju Island.^[42]

In 2019, the Navy updated its strategic vision for the 100th anniversary of the ROK Navy as "Navy Vision 2045". As part of the vision, Admiral Sim Seung-sub, the Chief of Naval Operations proposed to build an ICT-based, system-driven "Smart Navy".^[43]

Organization

Further information: List of operating units and shore establishments of the Republic of Korea Navy

The Republic of Korea Navy includes the Republic of Korea Navy Headquarters, Republic of Korea Fleet, Republic of Korea Marine Corps, Naval Academy, Naval Education and Training Command, and Naval Logistics Command. The Chief of Naval Operations (CNO) is the highest-ranking officer of the ROK Navy.

As of December 2018, the following people were in office:

• Chief of Naval Operations: Admiral Sim Seung-seob (based in Republic of Korea Navy Headquarters, Gyeryong)


• Commander Republic of Korea Fleet: Vice Admiral Park Ki-kyung (based in Republic of Korea Fleet headquarters, Busan)


• Commandant of the Republic of Korea Marine Corps: Lieutenant General Jun Jin-goo (based in Headquarters Republic of Korea Marine Corps, Hwaseong)

Republic of Korea Navy Headquarters

The ROK Navy is led by the Chief of Naval Operations (CNO). The Republic of Korea Navy Headquarters is located within the Gyeryongdae complex, the tri-service headquarters in Gyeryong, includes the office of the Chief of Naval Operations and various agencies and staff functions.^[44]

The CNO is a four-star admiral and a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. The CNO oversees the administration of recruiting, organizing, training, equipping, supplying, and mobilizing the ROK Navy. Despite the title, the Chief of Naval Operations does not have operational command authority over Naval combat units (i.e. Republic of Korea Fleet). The CNO is an administrative position based in the Gyeryongdae complex, and exercises supervision of Navy organizations as the designee of the Minister of National Defense. Operational command of naval combat units falls within the purview of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff who reports to the Minister of National Defense.^[45]

Republic of Korea Fleet

Map of South Korea

Headquartered at Busan Naval Base, the Commander Republic of Korea Fleet (formerly Commander-in-Chief Republic of Korea Fleet) is responsible for naval operations. COMROKFLT, a three-star admiral, also serves as Commander Naval Component Command (CNCC) of the ROK-US Combined Forces Command (CFC).

The Republic of Korea Fleet has three numbered fleets each assigned to the seas east, west, and south of South Korea:

• First Fleet (base: Donghae)

• Maritime Battle Group One

• Second Fleet (base: Pyeongtaek)

• Maritime Battle Group Two


• Incheon Naval Sector Defense Command (base: Incheon)

• Third Fleet (base: Mokpo)

• Maritime Battle Group Three

For various types of naval operations, the ROK Fleet has a submarine force, two surface flotillas, a naval aviation force, a special warfare force, and units for combat readiness and meteorology/oceanography:

• Submarine Force Command^[46]
  


• Component Flotilla Five (Mine Warfare Squadron 52, Amphibious Squadron 53, Naval Mobile Construction Squadron 59)


• Air Wing Six


• Maritime Task Flotilla Seven


• Combat Training Group Eight^[47]
  


• 
  Naval Special Warfare Flotilla (including UDT/SEAL, EOD, and Sea Salvage & Rescue Unit (SSU)^[48])


• Naval Intelligence Group

Numbered fleets

The three numbered fleets, each is led by a Rear Admiral (Upper Half), are responsible for protecting the coastal water around South Korea: The First Fleet is for the eastern naval sector, the Second Fleet is for the western naval sector and the Third Fleet is for the southern naval sector including Jeju Island. Each fleet includes a Maritime Battle Group,^[49] which comprises squadrons of patrol forces composed of Kwanggaeto the Great-class destroyers, Incheon-class frigates, Ulsan-class frigates, Pohang-class corvettes, and Yoon Youngha-class and Chamsuri-class patrol vessels.

Submarine Force Command

Headquartered in Jinhae, the Submarine Force Command was established in February 2015. The ROK Navy's submarine unit had a humble beginning with three Dolgorae-class midget submarines in June 1990. After acquiring ROKS Chang Bogo, a Type 209-class submarine, the Submarine Squadron 57 of the Component Flotilla Five was upgraded to the Submarine Flotilla Nine in October 1995. Since then, it has been playing the role of the ROK Navy's core strength. The Submarine Force Command, which is led by a Rear Admiral (Upper Half), operates Type 209 submarines and Type 214 submarines (Sohn Wonyil class). In September 2018, the ROK Navy launched the first locally designed 3,000-ton submarine, Dosan Ahn Changho.

The Submarine Force Command offers the International Submarine Education & Training Program (ISETP) for submariners around the world.^[50]

Maritime Task Flotilla

Since the 1990s, the ROK Navy has been trying to build an ocean-going fleet to protect the sea lines of communication. At the Naval Academy's graduation in March 1995, President Kim Young-sam addressed that the Navy should have a Task Fleet and pave the way for a new era of blue-water navy.^[51] When taking command of the Navy in April 1995, Admiral An Pyong-tae, then Chief of Naval Operations, proposed to build a blue-water navy for the Republic of Korea. In 1999, the Navy developed its strategic vision for 2020s as "Navy Vision 2020" that outlined the Navy's future Task Fleet, which includes light aircraft carriers and ballistic missile submarines.^[31] At the Naval Academy's graduation in March 2001, President Kim Dae-jung revealed that the Navy will have a task force called "Strategic Task Fleet" (Jeollyak-gidong-hamdae), which will "protect national interests in the five oceans and contribute to world peace."^[52]

As part of the plan, the ROK Navy established a task force, Commander Maritime Task Flotilla Seven on February 1, 2010, which evolved from the ASW Squadron 51 of the Component Flotilla Five. The Maritime Task Flotilla is composed of three Sejong the Great-class AEGIS guided missile destroyers, and six Chungmugong Yi Sunshin-class destroyers.^[53] It is headquartered at Jeju Naval Base, Jeju Island. The task force is responsible for the defense of South Korea against sea-borne threats and protection of its sea lines of communication. A Chungmugong Yi Sunshin-class destroyer of the Maritime Task Flotilla is being deployed as the Cheonghae task group in response to piracy in shipping lanes off the coast of Somalia. As a humanitarian operation, ROKS Munmu the Great (DDH 976) of the task group was dispatched to evacuate South Koreans and foreign nationals from war-torn Libya in 2014.^[37]

Republic of Korea Marine Corps

KAAV7A1 assault amphibious vehicles of the ROKMC at Cobra Gold 2014 in Thailand

Main article: Republic of Korea Marine Corps

The ROK Navy includes the Republic of Korea Marine Corps, which functions as a branch of the Navy.^[54] The ROK Marine Corps is responsible for conducting amphibious operations with the ROK Navy. The Marine Corps, with 29,000 personnel, is organized into two divisions and two brigades under the Headquarters ROK Marine Corps. The Commandant of the Republic of Korea Marine Corps is a three-star general. The ROK Marine Corps has about 300 tracked vehicles including assault amphibious vehicles, main battle tanks, and self-propelled artillery.

Republic of Korea Naval Academy

Midshipmen stand in formation at the ROK Naval Academy graduation ceremony.

Main article: Korea Naval Academy

The Republic of Korea Naval Academy is a four-year coeducational service academy located in Jinhae. It was established in 1946. Graduates are commissioned as Ensigns in the Navy or Second Lieutenants in the Marine Corps. The Naval Academy also hosts the Officer Candidate School (OCS), which provides training to become commissioned officers for civilian college graduates and candidates with military experience.^[55] The Superintendent of the ROK Naval Academy is a Vice Admiral.

Naval Education and Training Command

Headquartered in Jinhae, the Naval Education and Training Command is one of the two major shore commands of the ROK Navy. The Command is responsible for training, education and professional development of the Navy's active duty Sailors.^[56] One of its primary roles is to conduct the initial orientation and basic training for new recruits of the Navy and the Korea Coast Guard. The Naval Reserve Officer Training Corps (NROTC) is under the Naval Education and Training Command. The Naval Education and Training Command is led by a Vice Admiral.

Naval Logistics Command

The Naval Logistics Command is the other major shore command of the ROK Navy. It is located in Jinhae. The Command delivers logistics and support to the Navy, and is committed to the Navy's combat readiness. It includes the Naval Ship Yard, the Naval Supply Center, the Naval Ordnance Ammunition Center, and the Naval Technology Research Institute. The Naval Logistics Command is led by a Rear Admiral (Upper Half).^[57]

U.S. naval units in South Korea

South Korea has a joint military partnership with the United States as outlined by the Mutual Defense Treaty signed in October 1953. The ROK Navy has worked closely with the U.S. Navy to promote regional stability.

Headquartered at Busan Naval Base,^[58]Commander U.S. Naval Forces Korea (CNFK) is a shore command of the United States Navy that serves as the shore support agency for all U.S. naval activity in South Korea. Commander Fleet Activities Chinhae (CFAC) is a U.S. Navy installation in Jinhae.

Location

Busan Naval Base

The ROK Navy operates several naval bases in South Korea: Jinhae, Busan, Donghae, Pyeongtaek, Mokpo, Incheon, Jeju Island, Pohang, Baengnyeong Island. Naval air stations are in Pohang, Jinhae, and Mokpo.

Jinhae has been the major port for the ROK Navy since the establishment of the Korean Coast Guard by hosting vital naval facilities including the Naval Shipyard. The Jinhae Naval Base Command is responsible for protecting the area.

The Busan Naval Base has become another major naval base for the ROK Fleet since its Command Headquarters moved from Jinhae in 2007. The base can accommodate up to 30 naval ships as big as the Nimitz-class aircraft carrier.

Donghae, Pyeongtaek, and Mokpo hosts the command headquarters of the First, Second and the Third Fleet respectively. Incheon hosts a Defense Command under a one-star admiral responsible for littoral waters close to Seoul, the nation's capital. Pohang has a naval base for amphibious forces such as the 1st Marine Division located nearby.

Jeju Civilian-Military Complex Port

In February 2016, the ROK Navy completed a new naval base on the southern coast of Jeju Island for basing the Maritime Task Flotilla and a submarine squadron, in order to strengthen its control over the seas around the Korean Peninsula and to protect the sea lines of communication.^[59] It is also known as Jeju Civilian-Military Complex Port because the Jeju Naval Base is designed to be jointly used by military and civilians: Civilian cruise ships can use the base with approval. The base can host up to 20 naval vessels and two 150,000-tons cruise ships at the same time.^[60] The Jeju Naval Base was the venue for the international fleet review 2018 in October 2018.^[61]

Personnel

The ROK Navy has about 70,000 personnel, including the 29,000 members of the ROK Marine Corps. Among these members, about 11 percent of them are commissioned officers and about 32 percent of them are petty officers (including warrant officers).^[62]

Military service is mandatory for all South Korean men. In the ROK Navy, all members are volunteers, with enlisted seamen serving for 23-month periods, and enlisted Marines serving for 21-month periods; commissioned officers, warrant officers, and petty officers serving longer terms than those of enlisted seamen, or as career.

Women can volunteer as officers, warrant officers, or petty officers. In the year 2001, six female ensigns, who had become commissioned officers through the officer candidate school, were assigned to serve on surface ships of the ROK Navy, for the first time.^[63]

Commissioned officers

Three ROKN Lieutenants were appointed as the first female commanding officers of Chamsuri-class patrol boats in 2012.

There are several paths to becoming a commissioned officer in the ROK Navy, including the Naval Academy, Officer Candidate School (OCS), and Naval Reserve Officer Training Corps (NROTC). Officer Candidate School, located at the Naval Academy, Jinhae, provides training for candidates with current or prior enlisted experience in the military and civilian college graduates, which take majority in OCS.

Warrant officers

Following the traditions of the British Royal Navy, the warrant officer rank in the South Korean armed forces falls in between that of non-commissioned and commissioned officers. In the ROK Navy, warrant officers are mostly former non-commissioned officers who had earned the rating of Sangsa (Chief Petty Officer) or Wonsa (Master Chief Petty Officer) and who had been selected for and completed a warrant officer candidate program. Another route to becoming a naval warrant officer is to complete a naval aviation warrant officer candidate program. A small number of warrant officers serve as language officers who specialize in English translation and interpretation.^[64]

Warrant officers mess in the wardroom with commissioned officers.

Petty officers

A South Korean navy petty officer aboard ROKS Munmu the Great (DDH 976) waves to onlookers pier side.

Petty officers originate from a petty officer candidate program, which trains military personnel and civilians who take majority - seamen experience is not required to become petty officers. In the ROK Navy, personnel with ranks of Hasa (Petty Officer) through Wonsa are considered petty officers (i.e. non-commissioned officers). Those at Sangsa and Wonsa are further referred to as “CPO” (chief petty officer) collectively and considered a separate community within the Navy. “CPO”s have privileges such as separate dining and living areas.

There are the appointments of Juim Wonsa and Juim Sangsa equivalent to that of the U.S. Navy's command master chief petty officer (CMDCM). The positions are filled by senior Wonsa and Sangsa respectively and unlike their U.S. Navy counterparts, the ROK Navy Juim Wonsa and Juim Sangsa wear the same standard rate insignia of Wonsa or Sangsa and only wear a special identification badge. Every ROK Navy establishment and ship has either a Juim Wonsa or Juim Sangsa.

Seamen

Two South Korean navy seamen find the time to relax.

In the ROK Navy, seamen are referred to as "Subyeong" (Korean: 수병; Hanja: 水兵). Normally the enlisted seamen serve in the Navy for 23 months; civilian recruits get initial trainings at the basic military training center in Jinhae as Ideungbyeong (Seaman 2nd Class). After completing their military services as Byeongjang (Leading Seaman), most of them are transferred from active duty to the naval reserve. Others continue the military service as Hasa (Petty Officer) and may become career petty officers.^[65]

Uniforms

ROK Navy uniforms, then as now, are based on US Navy uniforms with some notable differences. Petty officers, not just chief petty officers, wear uniforms identical to that of a commissioned officer's uniform except with different insignia, and petty officers wear a combination cap with a white cover and a gold chinstrap. Seamen wear dungaree trousers, chambray shirts and "dixie cup" hats as their work uniforms. Honor guards and musicians of the navy bands of enlisted rank wear sailor caps bearing "Republic of Korea Navy" in Korean (Hangul lettering) with the dress uniforms, musicians of petty officer rating onward and officer ranks wear peaked caps.

Ranks and rates

See also: Comparative military ranks of Korea

In the ROK Navy, as in the rest of the ROK Armed Forces, ranks fall into one of four categories: commissioned officer, warrant officer, non-commissioned officer (petty officer), and enlisted (seaman), in decreasing order of authority. Commissioned officer ranks are subdivided into flag officers, senior officers (Lieutenant Commander through Captain), and junior officers (Ensign through Lieutenant).

ROK Navy commissioned officer ranks have two distinct sets of rank insignia: On dress uniform a series of stripes similar to Commonwealth naval ranks are worn; on service uniforms, working uniforms, and special uniform situations (combat utilities and flight suits), the rank insignia are the same as the equivalent rank in the Army or the Air Force.

All three branches – the Army, the Navy, and the Air Force of the ROK Armed Forces share the same rank insignia and the same names of ranks in Korean.

	Flag Officers					Senior Officers			Junior Officers
Insignia
Rank (ROK Armed Forces)	Wonsu[note 1] (원수; 元帥)	Daejang (대장; 大將)	Jungjang (중장; 中將)	Sojang (소장; 少將)	Junjang (준장; 准將)	Daeryeong (대령; 大領)	Jungnyeong (중령; 中領)	Soryeong (소령; 少領)	Daewi (대위; 大尉)	Jungwi (중위; 中尉)	Sowi (소위; 少尉)
Translation	Fleet Admiral	Admiral	Vice Admiral	Rear Admiral (Upper Half)	Rear Admiral (Lower Half)	Captain[note 2]	Commander	Lieutenant Commander	Lieutenant	Lieutenant Junior Grade	Ensign

	Warrant Officers	Petty Officers				Seamen
Insignia
Rank (ROK Armed Forces)	Junwi (준위; 准尉)	Wonsa[note 3] (원사; 元士)	Sangsa[note 3] (상사; 上士)	Jungsa (중사; 中士)	Hasa (하사; 下士)	Byeongjang (병장; 兵長)	Sangdeungbyeong (상등병; 上等兵)	Ildeungbyeong (일등병; 1等兵)	Ideungbyeong (이등병; 2等兵)
Translation	Warrant Officer	Master Chief Petty Officer	Chief Petty Officer	Senior Petty Officer	Petty Officer	Leading Seaman	Able Seaman	Seaman 1st Class	Seaman 2nd Class

International activities

A U.S. Navy MH-60S landing on the flight deck of ROKS Dokdo (LPH–6111) during the Korean Interoperability Training Program.

The ROK Navy frequently participates in multinational exercises and international activities. Also it has engaged in several peacekeeping operations since the turn of the 21st century.

• Cruise Training: Since 1954, the ROK Navy has conducted the annual ocean-going training with the fourth year midshipmen (naval cadets) of the Naval Academy to provide on the job training before commissioning them and to foster relations with other navies around the world. In 1992, the ROK Navy ships - ROKS Chungnam (FF 953) and ROKS Masan (FF 955) of the Cruise Training Unit circumnavigated the world for the first time.


• Navy to Navy Talks: The ROK Navy holds regular naval conferences with its counterparts of Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and United States.^[66][67]
  


• Pacific Reach: The ROK Navy has participated in the biannual submarine rescue exercise since 2000. In 2004, the ROK Navy hosted the exercise, which was the first multinational naval exercise the ROK Navy ever hosted.


• 
  RIMPAC: The ROK Naval forces have participated in the biannual multilateral naval exercise since 1990.


• ROKN-JMSDF SAREX: The ROK Navy and Japan Maritime Self Defense Force (JMSDF) conducted the search and rescue exercise biannually since 1999.


• WP MCMEX/DIVEX: The mine warfare forces of the ROK Navy have participated in the Western Pacific Mine Counter Measure Exercise/Diving Exercise since 2004.


• 
  Cobra Gold: Together with the ROK Marines, the ROK Navy has participated in Cobra Gold since 2010.^[68][69]
  


• ROK-US combined amphibious landing exercise: The ROK Navy and ROKMC together with the U.S. Navy and U.S. Marine Corps conduct the exercise annually in Korea.

Anti-piracy operations

Further information: Piracy in Somalia

Since March 2009, the ROK Navy has deployed the Cheonghae task group in response to piracy in shipping lanes off the coast of Somalia. The task group is composed of a Chungmugong Yi Sunshin-class destroyer and about 30 naval special warfare personnel. The group operates as part of the multinational task force, Combined Task Force 151 of Combined Maritime Forces (CMF).^[70] On January 21, 2011, South Korean naval commandos of the task group carried out Operation Dawn of Gulf of Aden, an operation to rescue the crew of the hijacked MV Samho Jewelry and succeed in rescuing the crew and killing or capturing all of the pirates on board.^[36]

International fleet review

ROKS Kang Gamchan (DDH 979) steams by a line of ROK Navy ships for pass and review during International Fleet Review 2008.

In October 1998, the ROK Navy hosted its first international fleet review in commemoration of the 50th anniversary of the Republic of Korea and its armed forces off coast of Busan and Jinhae. 21 ships from 11 countries (Australia, Bangladesh, France, India, Indonesia, Japan, New Zealand, Philippines, Singapore, United Kingdom, United States) participated in the fleet review as well as 34 ships and 15 aircraft from South Korea.^[71] The ROK Navy hosted its second international fleet review off coast of Busan in October 2008 to celebrate the 60th anniversary of the South Korean government. 22 ships from 11 countries (Australia, Canada, China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Russia, Singapore, Thailand, United Kingdom, United States) participated in the fleet review as well as 33 ships and 27 aircraft from South Korea.^[72][73]

The Cruise Training Unit – ROKS Kwaggaeto the Great (DDH 971), ROKS Jeju (FF 958) and ROKS Cheonji (AOE 57) participated in International Fleet Review 2002 commemorating the 50th anniversary of JMSDF in Tokyo Bay. The Cruise Training Fleet – ROKS Chungmugong Yi Sunshin (DDH 975) and ROKS Cheonji (AOE 57) - visited the United Kingdom in order to take part in the International Fleet Review for Trafalgar 200 in 2005. In April 2009, ROKS Dokdo (LPH 6111) and ROKS Kang Gamchan (DDH 979) attended an international fleet review to celebrate the 60th anniversary of the founding of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) Navy in Qingdao. In August 2009, the Cruise Training Flotilla – ROKS Choi Young (DDH 981) and ROKS Daecheong (AOE 58) participated in the Indonesian International Fleet Review, which commemorates the 64th anniversary of Indonesian independence.

The ROK Navy hosted its third international fleet review off coast of Jeju Island in October 2018.^[42]

Equipment

Ships

Christening ceremony of ROKS An Junggeun, a Sohn Wonyil-class submarine

ROKS Munmu the Great (DDH 976), a Chungmugong Yi Sunshin-class destroyer

ROKS Kwanggaeto the Great (DDH 971), the Navy's first indigenously built destroyer

Yoon Youngha-class fast missile craft in formation

A Chamsuri-class patrol craft and a Sohn Wonyil-class submarine

Amphibious transport dock, ROKS Dokdo (LPH 6111)

ROKS Ongjin (MSH 572) and ROKS Goryeong (MHC 563) on background

ROKS Hwacheon (AOE 59) in counter-terror exercise

Further information: List of active Republic of Korea Navy ships

See also: List of ships of the Republic of Korea Navy

The ROK Navy has 16 submarines, 12 destroyers, 13 frigates, 13 corvettes, 64 patrol vessels, 14 amphibious warfare ships, 11 mine warfare ships and 17 auxiliary ships in commission (a total displacement of about 215,000 tonnes^[7]).

There are four ship ratings. A first-rate ship (Sohn Wonyil-class SS, DDG, DDH, LPH, MLS, and AOE) is commanded by a captain; a second-rate ship (SS, FFG, FF, PCC, LST, ATS, and ASR) by a commander; a third-rate ship (PKG, MSH, and MHC) by a lieutenant commander; and a fourth-rate ship (PKMR, PKM, and LSF) is commanded by a lieutenant or a warrant officer.

The ROK Navy employs the U.S. Navy-style letter based hull classification symbols to designate the types of its ships and hull numbers to uniquely identify its vessels (e.g. DDH 975^{[note 4]}). The names are that of the historical figures, provinces, cities, counties, peaks, lakes, islands, and birds. The Chief of Naval Operations selects the names of ships.^[12]

The ship prefix for all the commissioned ROK Navy ship is ROKS (Republic of Korea Ship) when the names of ships are written in English.

Major commissioned ships
Class	ROKN classification	Displacement (light/full tons)	Entered service	Commissioned	Launched	Note
Submarines: 16 commissioned
Dosan Ahn Changho class	SS: Submarine	3,750 (submerged)	-	-	1[39]	SS-III (KSS-III Batch-I; 3 in batch)
Sohn Wonyil class	SS: Submarine	1,860 (submerged)	2007	7[74]	2	SS-II (9 in class); Capable of launching cruise missiles[75]
Chang Bogo class	SS: Submarine	1,290 (submerged)	1993	9[76]	-	SS-I (Being upgraded)[77]
Destroyers: 12 commissioned
Sejong the Great class	DDG: Destroyer Guided-missile	7,650/10,600	2008	3[78]	-	3 more planned as KDX-III Batch-II[79]
Chungmugong Yi Sunshin class	DDH: Destroyer Helicopter	4,500/5,520	2003	6[80]	-	DDH-II; To be followed by KDDX
Kwanggaeto the Great class	DDH: Destroyer Helicopter	3,200/3,900	1998	3	-	DDH-I
Frigates: 13 commissioned
Daegu class	FFG: Frigate Guided-missile	2,800/3,650	2018	1[40]	-	FFG-II (FFX Batch-II; 8 in batch)
Incheon class	FFG: Frigate Guided-missile	2,300/3,251	2013	6	-	FFG-I (FFX Batch-I)
Ulsan class	FF: Frigate	1,446/2,350	1981	6[81]	-	To be replaced by Incheon and Daegu class
Corvettes: 13 commissioned
Pohang class	PCC: Patrol Combat Corvette	950/1,220	1984	13[82]	-	To be replaced by Incheon and Daegu class
Patrol vessels: 64 commissioned
Yoon Youngha class	PKG: Patrol Killer Guided-missile	440/570	2008	18[83]	-	PKX-A
Chamsuri 211 class	PKMR: Patrol Killer Medium Rocket	210/250	2017	1	3[84]	PKX-B Batch-I (16 in batch)
Chamsuri class	PKM: Patrol Killer Medium	151/170	1978	45[85][86]	-	To be replaced by PKX-A/B
Amphibious warfare ships: 14 commissioned
Dokdo class	LPH: Landing Transport Helicopter[87]	14,550/19,000	2007	1	1[88]	-
Cheonwangbong class	LST: Landing Ship Tank	4,900/8,000	2014	4[89]	-	LST-II
Gojunbong class	LST: Landing Ship Tank	2,900/4,900	1993	4	-	-
Solgae 631 class	LSF: Landing Ship Fast	95/155	2007	2	-	LSF-II (locally-built LCAC); 2 more ordered[90]
Solgae 621 class	LSF: Landing Ship Fast	132/149	2005	3	-	Assault hovercraft (Project 12061E Murena-E) transferred from Russia[91][92]
Mine warfare ships: 11 commissioned
Nampo class	MLS: Minelayer	3,000/4,240	2017	1[93]	-	MLS-II
Wonsan class	MLS: Minelayer	2,500/3,300	1997	1	-	-
Yangyang class	MSH: Minesweeper Hunter	730/880	1999	3[94]	-	-
Ganggyeong class	MHC: Minehunter Coastal	470/520	1986	6	-	-
Auxiliary ships: 17 commissioned
Hansando class	ATH: Training Ship Helicopter	4,500/6,000	-	-	1[41]	ATX; To be commissioned in 2021
Soyang class	AOE: Fast Combat Support Ship	10,600/23,000	2018	1[95]	-	AOE-II
Cheonji class	AOE: Fast Combat Support Ship	4,200/9,200	1991	3	-	-
Tongyeong class	ATS: Salvage and Rescue Ship	3,500/4,710	2014	2[96]	-	ATS-II
Cheonghaejin class	ASR: Submarine Rescue Ship	3,200/4,300	1996	1	-	To be followed by ASR-II
Singiwon class	AGS: Surveying Ship	3,500/4,600	2014	1[97][98]	-	AGX-II
Sinsegi class	AGS: Surveying Ship	2,850/3,700	2003	1[99]	-	AGX-I
Dadohae class	ASL: Midget-submarine Tender	-	1993	1[100][101]	-	-
Mulgae 87 class	LCU: Landing Craft Utility	540/940	2010	4	-	New 500-ton LCU for logistics support
Mulgae 79 class	LCU/L: Landing Craft Utility Minelayer	235/442	1998	3	-	Littoral transport, logistics and mine warfare support

Aircraft

A ROKN P-3 Orion taking part in searching for Indonesia AirAsia Flight 8501

A ROKN Lynx ASW helo

A ROKN UH-60P supporting SSU training

Headquartered in Pohang, the Commander Air Wing Six is responsible for the operation of naval aircraft. It operates 21 fixed-wing and 51 rotary-wing aircraft. The Air Wing Six has naval air stations in Pohang (K-3), Jinhae (K-10), and Mokpo (K-15), and a detached unit at Jeju International Airport.

Aircraft	Type	Variant	Entered service	In service	Note
Fixed-wing aircraft
Lockheed Martin P-3C Orion	ASW/Maritime patrol aircraft	P-3CK	2010	8[102]	ex-USN P-3B modernized by KAI
		P-3C	1995	8	Being upgraded[103]
Reims-Cessna F406 Caravan II	light utility aircraft	F406	1999	5[85]	Target tug
Rotary-wing aircraft
AW159 Wildcat	ASW helicopter	AW159	2016	8[104]	-
Westland Lynx	ASW helicopter	Super Lynx Mk.99A	1999	11[105]	-
		Lynx Mk.99	1991	11	-
Sikorsky Aircraft UH-60	utility transport helicopter	UH-60P	1994	8[85]	Built by KAL-ASD
Bell Helicopter UH-1	utility transport helicopter	UH-1H	1978	8[85]	-
Aérospatiale Alouette III	light utility helicopter	SA-319B	1977	5[85]	Trainer

Weaponry

Main article: List of Republic of Korea Navy weaponry

The ROK Navy, the Defense Acquisition Program Administration (DAPA), and the Agency for Defense Development (ADD) have been developing naval weaponry with local defense companies.

Future developments

Ships

• Korean Submarine (KSS)

Main article: Korean Attack Submarine program

The KSS program was a three-phased project to build up the ROK Navy's submarine forces. Before the KSS program, the submarine fleet of the ROK Navy consisted of midget submarines, such as the Dolgorae-class submarine and SX 756 Dolphin-class submarine, which had limited capabilities for inshore operations.

Through the first phase, KSS-I, the ROK Navy acquired nine 1,200-ton Chang Bogo-class submarine. For the second phase, KSS-II, the ROK Navy planned to acquire nine 1,800-ton Sohn Wonyil-class submarines with Air-Independent propulsion (AIP) system;^[106] the lead boat of her class, ROKS Sohn Wonyil (SS 072) was launched at a shipyard of Hyundai Heavy Industries on June 9, 2006. In June 2007, the ROK Navy launched its second 1,800-ton submarine named Jeong Ji (SS 073), after a military general of the Goryeo Kingdom who defeated Japanese invaders. The Type 214 submarine is expected to play a key role in safeguarding the country's maritime interests. For the third phase of the program, the lead boat of KSS-III, the Dosan Ahn Changho (SS 083) was launched in 2018. A total of nine 3,000-ton KSS-III submarines are expected to be built in South Korea with indigenous technologies (i.e. not going under license as the previous KSS-I and KSS-II submarines).^[107]

The KSS-III submarines will also be able to fire submarine launched ballistic missiles (SLBMs). Prompted by North Korea's development of the KN-11 SLBM, a vertical launching pad will be installed on the submarines for a missile expected to be developed by 2020. Although the SLBM would be less accurate than cruise missiles, its velocity and destructive capability are significantly greater.^[108] KSS-III submarines will have six vertical missile launch tubes that could house Hyunmoo-2B short-range ballistic missile with a range of 500 km (310 mi).^[109]

• Korean Destroyer Experimental (KDX)

Main article: Korean Destroyer eXperimental

Korean experimental destroyer program is a three-phased program to modernize the surface fleet by developing and constructing new destroyers for the ROK Navy with advanced combat systems and weaponry. The outcomes of this program include the Kwanggaeto the Great-class destroyers, which are the first ROK destroyers to be armed with surface-to-air missiles; the Chungmugong Yi Sunshin-class destroyers; and the powerful Sejong the Great-class destroyer, which are equipped with the sophisticated AEGIS combat system for air-defense and anti-missile operations. These new destroyers replaced antiquated destroyers that had been transferred from the U.S. Navy decades ago.

As follow up programs, the ROK Navy plans to build three additional AEGIS destroyers (KDX-III Batch-II) by 2027,^[110] and six 6,000-ton destroyers (KDDX) by 2030 as successors of the Chungmugong Yi Sunshin-class destroyers.^[111][112]

• Frigate Experimental (FFX)

Main article: Incheon-class frigate

The FFX project aims to replace the Ulsan-class frigates and Donghae/Pohang-class corvettes with new 2,300-ton frigates. The total number of the ships to be built is 18 to 24.^[113] These frigates will be armed with the American-made Phalanx CIWS system and the rolling airframe missile system, and they will each carry an anti-submarine warfare helicopter.^[114]

Six Incheon-class frigates (FFX Batch-I) were commissioned by 2016. The lead ship (FFG 818) of the Daegu-class frigates (FFX Batch-II) was commissioned in 2018.

• Patrol Killer Experimental (PKX)

Main article: Gumdoksuri-class patrol vessel

Through the PKX program, the ROK Navy plans to build a fleet of a next generation patrol craft with Cooperative Engagement Capability and enhanced weaponry such as 76 mm guns and the KSSM anti-ship missiles. There are two variations: PKX-A and PKX-B. The PKX-A is a 570-ton patrol craft with anti-ship missiles; PKX-B is a 200-ton patrol craft. 18 PKX-As and 34 PKX-Bs are planned.

On 28 June 2007, the lead ship of PKX-A, ROKS Yoon Youngha (PKG 711), was launched at the shipyard of Hanjin Heavy Industries in Busan. All 18 PKGs were commissioned by 2018 to replace the aging Chamsuri-class patrol craft. The lead ship of PKX-B, ROKS Chamsuri 211 (PKMR 211), was commissioned in 2017.

• Landing Transport Experimental (LPX)

Main article: Dokdo-class amphibious assault ship

The LPX project was the ROK Navy's new amphibious warfare ship project for which Hanjin Heavy Industries has provided the general design package. The ROK Navy's requirements for the new amphibious warfare ships were to enhance Korea's current amphibious operation capability, both in terms of assault and military operations other than war (MOOTW) type operations.

On 12 July 2005, the lead ship (LPH 6111) of the 14,500-ton Dokdo-class amphibious transport dock was launched at the shipyard of Hanjin Heavy Industries in Busan. The first air-cushion landing craft of LSF-II (ROKS Solgae 631) was delivered for ROKS Dokdo in April 2007. In October 2009, the ROK Navy revealed a plan to commission another LPX around 2018.^[115] The Marado (LPH 6112) was launched in May 2018.

As LPX-II, the ROK Navy is considering to build an uncertain number of amphibious assault ships capable of operating the F-35B.^[116]

• MLS-II

The ROKN plans to build and commission an uncertain number of minelayers similar to ROKS Wonsan (MLS 560). The lead ship, ROKS Nampo (MLS 570), was commissioned in 2017.

• MSH phase II

The ROKN plans to build and commission an uncertain number of mine countermeasure ships similar to the Yangyang class. MSH phase II has been delayed.^[117]

• Training Ship Experimental (ATX)

The ROK Navy plans to commission a new 4,500-ton training ship (ATX) for midshipmen and officer candidates.^[118] The Hansando (ATH 81) was launched on November 16, 2018. She was designed as a training ship, and casualty receiving and treatment ship (CRTS). The Hansando is expected to be commissioned in 2021^[41]

• AOE-II

The ROKN plans to commission an uncertain number of 12,000-ton fast combat support ships (AOE) to relieve the 9,000-ton Cheonji-class ships. The lead ship, ROKS Soyang (AOE 51), was commissioned in 2018.

• ASR-II

The ROK Navy plans to commission a new submarine rescue ship around 2022.^[119]Daewoo S&ME will build the ship.^[120]

Aircraft

• Maritime Patrol Aircraft-II

The ROK Navy had acquired eight P-3C aircraft by 1996 through the Maritime Patrol Aircraft-I phase I.^[121] Through the phase II, eight more P-3CK maritime patrol aircraft (ex-USN P-3B) had been delivered to the ROK Navy by 2010 after undergoing extensive refurbishment and modernization.^[122][123]

In May 2013, it was announced that the Defense Acquisition Program Administration (DAPA) was commencing a 1 trillion won ($900 million) procurement program to acquire up to 20 new anti-submarine warfare aircraft to replace the existing fleet of 16 P-3Cs. While possible candidates include the C-295 MPA, P-8 Poseidon and the SC-130J Sea Hercules,^[124] DAPA was considering a plan to procure 12 to 20 ex-USN S-3 Vikings for the ROKN.^[125] In 2017, the ROK Navy canceled plans to purchase refurbished and upgraded S-3 Viking aircraft.^[126][127] In 2018, the South Korean government announced to acquire six P-8 Poseidon.^[128]

• Maritime Helicopter-II

Through Maritime Helicopter-I, the ROK Navy took delivery of the first batch of 12 Mk.99 Lynx helicopters in 1991;^[129] a second batch of 13 Mk.99A Super Lynx helicopters began delivery in 1999. The first Lynx batch was later upgraded to the same standard as the second batch; the changes included the adoption of a new radar, FLIR, and ESM systems.^[130][131]

On 15 January 2013, the Defense Acquisition Program Administration announced the selection of the AW159 Wildcat to fulfill a requirement of the ROK Navy for a maritime helicopter, winning out against the MH-60R Seahawk. The batch of eight aircraft were chosen to perform search-and-rescue missions, anti-submarine warfare and surveillance. On 13 June 2016, the Navy took delivery of four Wildcats. The helicopters operate from the Navy's Incheon-class guided missile/coastal defense frigates. The remaining four were delivered in late November 2016.

In January 2019, the South Korean government was considering ordering 12 more maritime helicopters to further strengthen the Navy's anti-submarine capabilities; options include the AW159 and MH-60 Seahawk.^[132]

• Mine Countermeasure Helicopter

The ROK Navy had planned to acquire new mine countermeasure helicopters by 2012 with a budget of 480 billion won. AgustaWestland EH-101, NHIndustries NH-90, and Sikorsky MH-60S were being considered as possible candidates for the acquisition program^[133] before it decided to hold the project due to global financial crisis that hit the world in 2008.

See also

• Chief of Naval Operations (South Korea)


• Naval history of Korea


• North Korean Navy


• Korea Coast Guard

Footnotes

Romanization is according to Revised Romanization of Korean (adopted in 2000), with exceptions of personal names. Names of ships commissioned before 2000 might have been romanized according to McCune–Reischauer. Examples of changes (M-R → RR): Chinhae → Jinhae; Kangnung → Gangneung; Kimpo → Gimpo; Kyongju → Gyeongju; Pusan → Busan; Taegu → Daegu.

1. 
   ^ No one held the rank of Wonsu in the history of the ROK Armed Forces.
   


2. 
   ^ Senior Captains in command of Squadrons can be referred to as “Commodore” verbally and in correspondence as in the U.S. Navy.
   


3. 
   ^ ^ab Personnel in Sangsa and Wonsa rates are referred to as “CPO” collectively.
   


4. 
   ^ The ROK Navy does not use the number '4' when assigning hull numbers to their ships.
   

References

1. 
   ^ ^ab "2018 Defence White Paper" (PDF). December 2018..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
   


2. 
   ^ Kim, Chan-ho; Lee, Gyo-suk. "해군가" (in Korean). YouTube. Retrieved September 9, 2016.
   


3. 
   ^ "Duty & Function". www.navy.mil.kr. Retrieved 2019-02-10.
   


4. 
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External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Republic of Korea Navy.

• 
  Republic of Korea Navy official website (Korean) (English)
  


• 
  Navy - South Korea GlobalSecurity.org

Video clips

• 
  Republic of Korea Navy's channel on YouTube
  

v t e Republic of Korea Armed Forces
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