綠洲







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一個位於撒哈拉沙漠的利比亞部份的綠洲。


綠洲是一個地理名詞，是指被沙漠地形包圍的環境裏、一塊有植被覆蓋的孤立肥沃地區。通常會造成綠洲的原因都是因為此地點有終年不斷的水源供應，常見的水源來源是地下水泉湧或人工鑿井來灌溉，水在遠方的降雨區降到地面後潛入地底，通過透水的地下砂岩層穿過沙漠地帶，在綠洲處返回地表附近而能被使用到。


綠洲對於沙漠地區的生活是非常重要的，不只是大部分的沙漠居民都是圍繞在綠洲地帶生活，往來的商旅與貿易網往往也都是沿著綠洲發展起來，因為綠洲是重要的食物與水之補給站。盤據非洲大陸北部中央的撒哈拉沙漠裏面，有百分之六十以上的人口都是居住在零星分佈於沙漠中的綠洲地帶。中國烏鞘嶺以西、北山和祁連山之間的河西走廊，有大量綠洲，“一城山光，半城塔影，葦溪連片，古剎處處”，就是在描寫有稱“金張掖”或“甘洲”之稱的張掖，漢朝即有額濟納綠洲，河西走廊的綠洲唯一水源是來自祁連山春融的雪水。




目录






  • 1 世界知名綠洲


    • 1.1 亞洲


    • 1.2 歐洲


    • 1.3 美洲


    • 1.4 非洲







世界知名綠洲



亞洲




  • 新疆吐魯番窪地，中國


  • 月牙泉綠洲，中國敦煌附近，已緩慢消失


  • 哈爾湖（Khar Nlia），位於蒙古西部科布多的大湖盆地（Great Lakes Basin）區

  • 大衛河沙漠綠洲 （Nahal David Oasis）、恩戈地，以色列


  • 蓋提夫綠洲（Qatif oasis），沙烏地阿拉伯

  • 赫勒堡綠洲（Nakhl Fort oases），阿曼



歐洲


  • 赫度布雷林達綠洲 （Herðubreiðarlindir），冰島


美洲





Fish Springs National Wildlife Refuge, 猶他州



  • 馬倫豪沙漠湖綠洲（Maranhao desert lake），巴西

  • 瓦卡奇納綠洲（Huacachina oasis），秘魯



非洲



  • 廷吉爾綠洲（Tinerhir oasis），摩洛哥

  • 姆扎卜綠洲（M'zab oasis），阿爾及利亞

  • 舍比凱綠洲（Chebika Oasis, Tunisia），突尼斯

  • 烏拜里綠洲（Ubari Oasis），利比亞

  • 提米亞綠洲（Saharan oasis of Timia），尼日爾






维基共享资源中相關的多媒體資源：綠洲（分類）




规范控制


  • AAT: 300008686

  • GND: 4042861-8

  • NDL: 00568777



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