Supreme Soviet




For the fictional superhero team, see Supreme Soviets.

The Supreme Soviet (Russian: Верховный Совет, Verkhovny Sovet, English: literally "Supreme Council") was the common name for the legislative bodies (parliaments) of the Soviet socialist republics (SSR) in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). These soviets were modeled after the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, established in 1938, and were nearly identical.[1] Soviet-approved delegates to the Supreme Soviets were periodically elected in unopposed elections.[2] The first free or semi-free elections took place during perestroika in late 1980s. The soviets until then were largely rubber-stamp institutions, approving decisions handed to them by the Communist Party of the USSR or of each SSR.[2] The soviets met infrequently (often only twice a year for only several days) and elected the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet, a permanent body, to act on their behalf while the soviet was not in session.[3] Under the 1936 and 1977 Soviet Constitutions the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet served as the collective head of state of the USSR.[4]
The Supreme Soviets also elected the Council of Ministers, an executive body. After the dissolution of the USSR in late December 1991, most of these soviets became the legislatures of independent countries.



Supreme Soviets of the Soviet Republics




  •  Russian SFSR: Верховный Совет РСФСР


  •  Ukraine: Верховна Рада Української РСР


  •  Byelorussia: Вярхоўны Савет Беларускай ССР


  •  Uzbekistan: Ўзбекистон ССР Олий Совети (O'zbekiston SSR Oliy Soveti)


  •  Kazakhstan: Қазақ КСР-нiң Жоғарғы Кеңесi


  •  Georgia: საქართველოს სსრ უმაღლესი საბჭო


  •  Azerbaijan: Азәрбаjҹан ССР Али Совети (Azәrbaycan SSR Ali Soveti)


  •  Lithuania: Lietuvos TSR Aukščiausioji Taryba


  •  Moldavia: Совиетул Супрем ал РСС Молдовеняскэ (Sovietul Suprem al RSS Moldovenească)


  •  Latvia: Latvijas PSR Augstākā Padome


  •  Kirghizia: Кыргыз ССР Жогорку Совети


  •  Tajikistan: Совети Олӣ РСС Тоҷикистон


  •  Armenia: Հայկական ՍՍՀ Գերագույն Խորհուրդ


  •  Turkmenistan: Түркменистан ССР Ёкары Советы (Turkmenistan SSR Ýokary Sowety)


  •  Estonia: Eesti NSV Ülemnõukogu



Supreme Soviets of the Autonomous Soviet Republics




  • Flag of the Bashkir ASSR.svg
    Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic: БАССР Юғары Советы


  • Flag of Tatar ASSR.svg
    Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic: ТАССР Югары Советы



References





  1. ^ Where nation-states come from: institutional change in the age of nationalism by Philip G. Roeder, p. 70


  2. ^ ab Perestroika-era politics: the new Soviet legislature and Gorbachev's political reforms by Robert T. Huber and Donald R. Kelley, p. 52


  3. ^ Russian law: the end of the Soviet system and the role of law by Ferdinand Joseph Maria Feldbrugge, p. 192


  4. ^
    Ideology, Politics, and Government in the Soviet Union: An Introduction– Google Knihy. Books.google.cz. January 1, 1978. Retrieved 2016-11-26..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}












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