Common Germanic deities




The article lists gods and goddesses (Ansewez, Wanizaz) that may be reconstructed for Proto-Germanic or Common Germanic Migration period paganism, or which figure in both West and North Germanic mythology. See list of Germanic deities for a complete list of Germanic gods and goddesses, including those for whom there is insufficient attestation to produce Common Germanic reconstructions.[citation needed]




Contents






  • 1 Deities


  • 2 Semi-gods or mythical heroes


  • 3 Mythical races


  • 4 Cosmology


  • 5 See also


  • 6 References





Deities


Goddesses



  • Nerþuz, described by Tacitus as Mother Earth, possibly continued in Norse Njǫrðr (Njord, Njorth).


  • Frijjō, "wife" (specifically here the wife of Wōdanaz), Old English Frige, Norse Frigg, cf. Sanskrit priyā "mistress, wife".


Further information: Frigg and Freyja origin hypothesis



  • Fraujō, daughter of Njǫrðr, Norse Freyja, Old High German Frouwa, Old English frēo meaning "lady", cf. Gothic Fráujo "lady, mistress", German "Frau", Dutch "Vrouw", Swedish, Danish and Norwegian "Fru".


  • Fullō, goddess—or *Fullaz, god—of riches, plenty. Corresponds to Norse Fulla.


  • Wurdiz, "fate", Norse Urðr (Urd, Urth), Old English Wyrd.


  • Sōwilō, the Sun, Norse Sól, Old English Sunne, Old High German Sunna.


  • Austrǭ, Dawn goddess Easter, Old English eostre, Old High German and Old Saxon *ōstara, Old Frisian āsteron,


Gods



  • Wōdanaz, "lord of poetic/mantic inspiration", "Germanic Mercury", Norse Óðinn (often Anglicized Odin or, especially in older texts, Othin), Old English Wōden, Old High German Wuotan.


  • Þunraz, "thunder", "Germanic Jupiter", Norse Þórr (Thor), West Germanic Donar, Old English Þunor.


  • Teiwaz, god of war and possibly early sky god, "Germanic Mars", Norse Týr and possibly Tir, Old English Tiw, Old High German Ziu, continues Indo-European Dyeus.


  • Ermunaz, Saxon god (speculative, based on Nennius' Armenon). The word means "strong" or "exalted" (Old High German ermen, Old Norse jǫrmaun or jörmun, Old English Eormen).


  • Wulþuz, "glorious one", possibly originally an epitheton, mentioned on the Thorsberg chape, continued in Norse Ullr.


  • Ingwaz or Inguz, identified with the god addressed as fraujaz "lord" (Old High German frô, Gothic frauja, Old English frēa, Old Norse freyr)



Semi-gods or mythical heroes




  • Auzawandilaz, Old English: Ēarendel; Old Norse: Aurvandil; Lombardic: Auriwandalo; Old High German: Orentil, Erentil; Medieval Latin: Horuuendillus, the morning star(?).


  • Gautaz, Old English: Geat; Old Norse: Gautr, mythical ancestor of royal houses.


  • Wēlanduz, Old English: Wēland; Old Norse: Völundr or Velentr; Old High German: Wiolant; from *Wēla-nandaz, literally "battle-brave",[1] a mythical or Elven smith.


  • Agilaz, Old English Ægil, Alamannic: Aigil, Old Norse: Egil, a mythical archer.



Mythical races




  • þurisaz (giants)


  • dwergaz (dwarfs)


  • albaz (elves)


  • nikwuz (water spirits)


  • wihtiz (land spirits)



Cosmology




  • Medjanagardaz inhabited world


  • erþo anþi uppahemenaz Germanic formula[citation needed] for "heaven and earth", notably naming earth first. Mentioned in the Norse Edda, Skarpåker Stone and Old High German Wessobrunner Gebet etc.


  • Haljō Underworld


  • Muþspell (see Muspilli and Muspelheim) Disastrous world-ending (c.f. Ragnarok)



See also



  • List of Germanic deities

  • Germanic paganism

  • Vanir



References




  1. ^ see Hellmut Rosenfeld, Der Name Wieland, Beiträge zur Namenforschung (1969).








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