密苏里河

























































































































密苏里河
Missouri River

Pekitanoui[1], Big Muddy[2], Mighty Mo, Wide Missouri, Kícpaarukstiʾ [3]

Lower Missouri River.jpg

密苏里州罗什波特附近一个相对未开发的河段


名称起源：土著阿尔冈金部落，意为“大独木舟之河”[1]

国家
 美國
省/州/邦
 蒙大拿州、 北达科他州、 南达科他州、 内布拉斯加州、 艾奥瓦州、 堪萨斯州、 密苏里州


支流
 - 右侧支流
麦迪逊河、加勒廷河、黄石河、小密苏里河、夏延河、怀特河、奈厄布拉勒河、普拉特河、堪萨斯河、欧塞奇河、加斯科内德河
城市
大瀑布城、俾斯麥、皮尔、蘇城、奥马哈、堪薩斯城 (堪薩斯州)、堪薩斯城 (密蘇里州)、圣路易斯


主源
 Hell Roaring Creek, a tributary of the Jefferson River
 - 位置
蒙大拿州near Brower's Spring
 - 海拔
 9,100 ft（2,774 m）
 - 坐标
44°32′31″N 111°27′53″W / 44.54194°N 111.46472°W / 44.54194; -111.46472 [4]
次源
Firehole River, a tributary of the Madison River
 - 位置
怀俄明州黃石國家公園Madison Lake
 - 海拔
 8,215 ft（2,504 m）
 - 坐标
44°20′55″N 110°51′53″W / 44.34861°N 110.86472°W / 44.34861; -110.86472 [5]
汇合点
Three Forks of the Missouri
 - 位置
蒙大拿州斯里福克斯
 - 海拔
 4,042 ft（1,232 m）
 - 坐标
45°55′39″N 111°20′39″W / 45.92750°N 111.34417°W / 45.92750; -111.34417 [1]
河口
密西西比河
 - 位置
密苏里州Spanish Lake，圣路易斯附近
 - 海拔
 404 ft（123 m）[1]
 - 坐标
38°48′49″N 90°07′11″W / 38.81361°N 90.11972°W / 38.81361; -90.11972 [1]

长度
 2,341 mi（3,767 km）[6]
流域面积
 529,350 mi²（1,371,010 km²）
流量
赫曼
 - 平均流量
87,520 ft³/s（2,478 m³/s）
 - 最大流量
750,000 ft³/s（21,238 m³/s）[7]
 - 最小流量
602 ft³/s（17 m³/s）






密蘇里河及其支流



密苏里河（英语：Missouri River），美国主要河流之一，是密西西比河最长的支流。长约4千公里，流域面积约140万平方公里。


密苏里河发源于蒙大拿州黄石公园附近的落基山脉东坡，流经半干旱的大平原，至密苏里州圣路易斯以北汇入密西西比河。


从源头至米尔克河口为上游，穿越落基山区，多峡谷，谷深240～310米；大瀑布城附近形成一连串急流、瀑布，16公里流程内落差达187米。米尔克河口至苏城为中游，谷深90～120米。从苏城至河口为下游，流经平原，河谷浅而开阔。


河水依靠高山雪水和雨水补给。上游流经半干旱地区，年降水量不足380毫米，下游增至1000毫米。河口年均流量2160秒立方。初夏水位最高，冬季最低；季节变化急剧。因流经黄土区，土壤侵蚀严重，河流含沙量大。为大平原重要的灌溉水源。在苏城（Sioux City）以下1200公里可通航。


密苏里河的名称来源于土著印第安人阿尔冈金部落，意为“大独木舟之河”。



参考文献





  1. ^ 1.01.11.21.31.4 Missouri River. 美国地质局地理名称信息系统. 1980-10-24 [2010-05-06]. 


  2. ^ Spotlight on the Big Muddy (PDF). Missouri Stream Team. [2012-01-14]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-10-17）. 


  3. ^ AISRI Dictionary Database Search--prototype version. "River", Southband Pawnee. American Indian Studies Research Institute. [2012-05-26]. 


  4. ^ [1] USGS topographic map of the source


  5. ^ Madison Lake. 美国地质局地理名称信息系统. 1980-04-04 [2012-01-21]. 


  6. ^ Missouri River Environmental Assessment Program Summary. U.S. Geological Survey. [2010-10-08]. （原始内容存档于2010-05-27）. 


  7. ^ Pinter, Nicholas; Heine, Reuben A. Hydrologic History of the Lower Missouri River. Geology Department. Southern Illinois University, Carbondale. [2010-05-08]. （原始内容存档于2011-07-23）. 




















































维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源：密苏里河




规范控制


  • WorldCat Identities

  • BNF: cb12025756m (data)

  • GND: 4039592-3

  • NARA: 10043750

  • NNL: 000716027

  • SUDOC: 02841862X

  • VIAF: 234129548



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