硫盐矿物
淡红银矿(Ag3AsS3)的晶体结构,一种典型的硫盐矿物,可以视作银离子(Ag+)的三硫代亚砷酸盐([AsS3]3−)。硫盐矿物的特征结构是M-S-M'桥键,其中M和M'是不同的金属或半金属元素。
硫盐矿物(Sulfosalt minerals)是指化学组成具有通式AmBnSp的一类矿物,其中A是金属元素,例如铜、铅、銀、铁、汞、锌、钒,B通常是类金属元素,例如砷、锑、铋,罕见锗,或者金属元素如锡、罕见钒。S可以是硫,也可以是同属硫族的硒、碲。[1]施特龙茨矿物分类中硫盐矿物归于“硫化物与硫盐矿物”集合。[1]
列表
已发现的硫盐矿物有200来种。一些例子有:[2]
淡红银矿标本。硫盐矿物通常是深色的
- A3BX3类
浓红银矿 Ag3SbS3
淡红银矿 Ag3AsS3
黝銅礦 Cu12Sb4S13
砷黝铜矿 Cu12As4S13
- A3BX4类
硫砷铜矿 Cu3AsS4
硫钒铜矿 Cu3VS4
硫锑锰银矿 Ag4MnSb2S6
砷硫锑铅矿 Pb14(Sb,As)6S23
细硫砷铅矿 Pb9As4S15
- A2BX3类
車輪礦 PbCuSbS3
硫砷铅铜矿 PbCuAsS3
针硫铋铅矿 PbCuBiS3
- ABX2类
硫锑铅矿 Pb5Sb4S11
硫银铋矿 AgBiS2
斜硫砷银矿 AgAsS2
硫铜锑矿 CuSbS2
硫铜铋矿 CuBiS2
笼铅矿 PbSnS2
- A2B2X5类
辉锑银铅矿 Ag3Pb6Sb11S24
脆硫锑铅矿 Pb4FeSb6S14
斜方辉铅铋矿 Pb2Bi2S5
- A2B3X6类
锑铅银矿 PbAgSb3S6
硬硫铋铅铜矿 Pb3Cu3Bi7S15
- AB2X4类
辉锑铅矿 Pb9Sb22S42
辉锑铁矿 FeSb2S4
圆柱锡矿 Pb3Sn4FeSb2S14
合成硫盐
实验室合成能制备自然界中未发现过的硫盐化合物结晶。[3]
参考资料
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^ 1.01.1 Strunz classification of sulfides and sulfosalts. Mindat.
^ Palache, C., H. Berman, and C. Frondel (1944) Dana’s System of Mineralogy, (7th edition), v. I, pp. 348-350
^ Sheldrick, William S.; Wachhold, Michael "Chalcogenidometalates of the heavier Group 14 and 15 elements" Coordination Chemistry Reviews 1998, vol. 176, 211-322. doi:10.1016/S0010-8545(98)00120-9
- N.N. Mozgova, 2000, Sulfosalt mineralogy today in Modern Approaches to Ore and Environmental Mineralogy, MSF Mini-Symposium Espoo Finland, June 11–17, 2000, https://web.archive.org/web/20050907172937/http://www.igem.ru/igem/mine/sulfosalts.htm Retrieved July 22, 2005.
Moëlo, Yves; Makovicky, Emil; Mozgova, Nadejda N.; Jambor, John L.; Cook, Nigel; Pring, Allan; Paar, Werner; Nickel, Ernest H.; 等. Sulfosalt systematics: a review. Report of the sulfosalt sub-committee of the IMA Commission on Ore Mineralogy (PDF). European Journal of Mineralogy. 2008, 20 (1): 7. doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2008/0020-1778.
Stuart J. Mills; Frédéric Hatert; Ernest H. Nickel & Giovanni Ferraris. The standardisation of mineral group hierarchies: application to recent nomenclature proposals (PDF). Eur. J. Mineral. 2009, 21 (5): 1073–1080. doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2009/0021-1994.
Ernest H. Nickel & Monte C. Nichols. IMA-CNMNC List of Mineral Names (PDF). IMA-CNMNC. March 2009.
Ferraiolo, Jim. Nickel–Strunz (Version 10) Classification System. webmineral.com.

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