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Warwick, Queensland
Warwick Queensland | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Town Hall | |||||||||||||||
  Warwick | |||||||||||||||
| Coordinates | 28°12′55″S 152°02′07″E / 28.2152°S 152.0352°E / -28.2152; 152.0352Coordinates: 28°12′55″S 152°02′07″E / 28.2152°S 152.0352°E / -28.2152; 152.0352 | ||||||||||||||
| Population | 15,130 (2016 census)[1] | ||||||||||||||
| • Density | 512.881512.9/km2 (1,328.3571,328.4/sq mi) | ||||||||||||||
| Established | 1850 | ||||||||||||||
| Postcode(s) | 4370 | ||||||||||||||
| Elevation | 477 m (1,565 ft) | ||||||||||||||
| Area | 29.5 km2 (11.4 sq mi) | ||||||||||||||
| Location |
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| LGA(s) | Southern Downs Region | ||||||||||||||
| County | Merivale | ||||||||||||||
| State electorate(s) | Southern Downs | ||||||||||||||
| Federal Division(s) | Maranoa | ||||||||||||||
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Warwick /ˈwɒrɪk/[2] is a town and locality in southeast Queensland, Australia, lying 130 kilometres (81 mi) south-west of Brisbane.[3][4] It is the administrative centre of the Southern Downs Region local government area. The surrounding Darling Downs have fostered a strong agricultural industry for which Warwick, together with the larger city of Toowoomba, serve as convenient service centres. The town had an urban population of 15,130 as at the 2016 Census.[1]
Contents
1 Geography
2 History
3 Heritage listings
4 Climate
5 Communications
6 Notable people
7 Attractions
8 Facilities
9 Education
10 Culture
10.1 Sport
10.2 Events
11 See also
12 References
13 Further reading
14 External links
Geography
The Condamine River meanders from the east to the north-west of Warwick. One of its tributaries, Rosenthal Creek, enters Warwick from the south and enters the Condamine within Warwick.[5]
The Cunningham Highway and the New England Highway jointly enter Warwick from the north, cross the Condamine River, and then turn west within the town close to the Warwick central business district. The Cunningham Highway then continues west towards Goondiwindi, while the New England Highway heads south towards Stanthorpe.[5]
The Condamine River often floods, which can disconnect the northern and southern parts of Warwick and close the highways. Gauges that measure river height are used to provide flood alerts to residents. Low-lying land around the river is mostly used for recreation to minimise the damage caused by flooding with most developed areas at higher levels. Queens Park is a major park based around the river and the highway crossing.[6]
The Warwick central business district is laid out on a grid pattern and lies within one or two blocks of the long main street, Palmerin Street with Grafton Street the major cross-street. The statue of former Queensland Premier Thomas Byrnes is located at their intersection.[5]
History
Second St. Mark's Church of England, Warwick, ca. 1872, the first (wooden) church can be seen in the background.
The Warwick Green Belt, on the banks of the Condamine River, features a sculpture of Tiddalik the mythical frog that drank all of the fresh water in a renowned Aboriginal Dreamtime story.[7]
Architectural plans of the "new" hospital in Locke Street, 1888
Patrick Leslie and his two brothers originally settled in the area as squatters, naming their run Canning Downs. In 1847 the NSW government asked Leslie to select a site on his station for a township, which was to be called 'Cannington,' although the name 'Warwick' was eventually settled on. Land sales were held in 1850, and the first allotment was bought by Leslie.[8]
Warwick East State School opened on 4 November 1850.[9] It is one of the oldest state primary schools in Queensland.[10]
The telegraph to Brisbane was operating by 1861.
Warwick Central State School opened on 26 July 1865.[9]
Miss O'Mara opened a school on 27 January 1867 in the Oddfellows Hall.[11]
The 1870s were boom years for this new town. In 1871 the railway reached Warwick,[12] a brewery was built in 1873, then a cooperative flour mill and brickworks were completed during 1874.
On 29 October 1874, the Sisters of Mercy took over Miss O'Mara's school at the Oddfellows Hall renaming it St Mary's School.[11][13]
Warwick was the seat of a series of local government areas, the Borough of Warwick from 1861, Town of Warwick from 1903, City of Warwick from 1936, Shire of Warwick from 1994, and Southern Downs Region from 2008.
Architectural plan of the Warwick Baby Clinic, 1923
In 1878 the Queensland Government raised a loan of £5,000 to build a new hospital in Warwick. However, it was not until September 1880 after considerable local agitation that the government called for tenders to build the hospital, resulting in a contract awarded to A.W. Doorey to build the hospital. [14][15][16] However by February 1881, tenders were being called for again, and in April 1881 the Queensland Government announced the hospital would not proceed.[17][18] In June 1881, the government indicated that they would proceed if the local financial subscriptions to the hospital were increased.[19] Tenders were called again in February 1882 resulting in a contract with Messrs Wallace and Gibson in March 1882.[20][21] Finally on Thursday 19 June 1884, the patients were moved from the old hospital to the new hospital in Locke Street.[22]
In 1893, the Sisters of Mercy relocated their convent and St Mary's School to the newly-constructed Our Lady of the Assumption Convent in Locke Street.[13]
The T J Byrnes Monument (a statue of the 12th Queensland Premier Thomas Joseph Byrnes) was built on the corner of Palmerin and Grafton Streets. The monument was built from 1901 to 1902 and was officially unveiled on Saturday 13 December 1902 by the Governor of Queensland, Sir Herbert Chermside. The unveiling of the monument was an important occasion for Warwick.[23][24][25]
Warwick State High School opened on 1 February 1912.[9] It is one of the oldest state secondary schools in Queensland.[26]
St Mary's School also expanded, creating a secondary school called Assumption College in 1912, and in 1914 enlarging the convent to accommodate the growing secondary school.[11][13][27]
In 1917 the Presbyterian Girls College (PGC) opened in an existing house “Glenbrae”on over five acres in Locke Street, as a boarding and day school with 53 girls under headmistress Miss Constance Mackness (who retired in 1949, the longest serving headmistress of the school). The school was established by local families who did not want to have to send their daughters to Toowoomba for a Presbyterian education.[28]
On 29 November 1917, the Warwick Incident occurred, which would lead to the formation of the Australian Commonwealth Police with the first commissioner for Commonwealth Police appointed eight days later.[29] As Prime Minister William Morris Hughes was addressing a crowd at the Warwick railway station, a man in the crowd threw an egg dislodging the Prime Minister's hat. Hughes ordered his arrest but the Queensland State policeman present refused to carry out the orders saying that Hughes had no authority over him.
In 1918, to meet the need for Presbyterian education for boys, The Scots College opened as a Presbyterian boarding and day for boys in an existing house "Arranmore" on the banks of the Condamine River under headmaster James Logan Briggs.[28]
The Warwick War Memorial was built in 1923 and the memorial gates were built in 1924.[30]
Warwick Baby Clinic, 1932
Although the Queensland Government had architectural plans for a Baby Clinic in Warwick from at least 1923,[31] it was not until Friday 21 February 1930 that the Warwick Baby Clinic was officially opened by Home Secretary J.C. Peterson. The building cost about £2,000 and was built on land donated by the Warwick ambulance brigade. The purpose of baby clinics was to prevent disease in early childhood and the Warwick Baby Clinic was the 15th built in Queensland.[32]
During World War II, the 2/12 Army General Hospital took over The Scots College buildings and grounds in Oxenham Street, with the school relocating to Kingswood and Toolburra.[28]
Warwick West State School opened on 31 January 1956.[9]
Glennie Heights State School opened on 25 January 1960.[11]
The current Warwick Public Library opened in 1964 with a major refurbishment in 1999.[33]
In 1970, the Presbyterian Girls College and The Scots College merged into a co-educational school called Scots PGC College.[28]
On 5 February 1981, The School of Total Education was established in Warwick by Vijayadev Yogendra (1930–2005).[11] Yogendra was a yoga teacher and educationalist, the son of Shri Yogendra (who in 1918 founded the Yoga Institute in India). The school aimed to develop children through spiritual and emotional growth to additional to physical and intellectual development.[34]
In 2007, Warwick Christian College was established by the Christian Community Ministries.[35]
Heritage listings
Warwick has many heritage-listed buildings, including those listed on:
- the Commonwealth Heritage List
- 98 Palmerin Street: Warwick Post Office[36]
- 98 Palmerin Street: Warwick Post Office[36]
- the Queensland Heritage Register
- List of sites on the Queensland Heritage Register in Warwick
Climate
Warwick has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) with hot summers and cool to cold winters. It is slightly cooler and less humid than the proximate southeast Queensland coast due to its inland, elevation location. Frost is present in winter. It should be noted that the climate bears similarities with Richmond, an inland suburb of Sydney, in southern New South Wales.
| Climate data for Warwick, Queensland | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 40.9 (105.6) | 42.2 (108.0) | 37.2 (99.0) | 33.3 (91.9) | 29.7 (85.5) | 27.3 (81.1) | 26.0 (78.8) | 33.0 (91.4) | 36.6 (97.9) | 38.5 (101.3) | 39.8 (103.6) | 40.4 (104.7) | 42.2 (108.0) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 30.1 (86.2) | 29.3 (84.7) | 27.5 (81.5) | 24.9 (76.8) | 21.0 (69.8) | 18.3 (64.9) | 17.9 (64.2) | 20.0 (68.0) | 23.6 (74.5) | 25.8 (78.4) | 27.6 (81.7) | 29.1 (84.4) | 24.6 (76.3) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 17.0 (62.6) | 17.0 (62.6) | 14.9 (58.8) | 11.3 (52.3) | 6.7 (44.1) | 4.8 (40.6) | 3.1 (37.6) | 3.1 (37.6) | 7.1 (44.8) | 10.4 (50.7) | 13.7 (56.7) | 15.8 (60.4) | 10.4 (50.7) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 9.6 (49.3) | 7.9 (46.2) | 2.9 (37.2) | −1.8 (28.8) | −4.7 (23.5) | −7.0 (19.4) | −7.7 (18.1) | −6.3 (20.7) | −3.8 (25.2) | 0.9 (33.6) | 1.9 (35.4) | 6.5 (43.7) | −7.7 (18.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 82.7 (3.26) | 64.7 (2.55) | 62.6 (2.46) | 31.5 (1.24) | 40.5 (1.59) | 36.8 (1.45) | 27.2 (1.07) | 23.2 (0.91) | 36.0 (1.42) | 73.9 (2.91) | 90.2 (3.55) | 101.9 (4.01) | 670.4 (26.39) |
| Average precipitation days | 8.8 | 8.8 | 8.6 | 7.3 | 7.9 | 9.2 | 7.7 | 5.7 | 6.6 | 8.3 | 10.0 | 10.5 | 99.5 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 47 | 50 | 47 | 46 | 47 | 50 | 44 | 38 | 36 | 38 | 44 | 43 | 44 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 241.8 | 193.2 | 220.1 | 234 | 217 | 183 | 223.2 | 241.8 | 252 | 235.6 | 225 | 241.8 | 2,708.5 |
| Source: Bureau of Meteorology[37] | |||||||||||||
Communications
Presenter and guests at 4WK radio station, Warwick, circa 1940
Newspapers in Warwick include the Warwick Daily News, the Warwick and Southern Downs Weekly and the Southern Free Times. Former newspapers include the Warwick Argus which was published from 1879 to 1919, the Warwick Argus and Tenterfield Chronicle and the Warwick Examiner and Times. Radio station 4WK was established in May 1935.[38] Its coverage was gradually extended to Toowoomba, Pittsworth, Millmerran, Clifton, Allora, Stanthorpe, Crows Nest, Highfields, Dalby, Oakey, Tara, Goondiwindi, Boonah, and Esk. It now broadcasts from Toowoomba.[39]
Notable people
Notable people with a connection to Warwick include
Francis Andersen, Australian scholar in the fields of biblical studies and Hebrew, born in Warwick
Wayne Bennett, rugby league player and coach, raised in and played rugby league in Warwick
Anna Bligh, former Premier of Queensland, born in Warwick
Lee Bodimeade, hockey player, born in Warwick
Dean Butler, hockey player, born in Warwick
Thomas Joseph Byrnes, former Premier of Queensland, Member of the Legislative Assembly for Warwick
Matt Campbell racing car driver
Charles Chauvel, filmmaker, born in Warwick
Cyril Clowes, lieutenant general, born in Warwick
Dion Leonard, ultramarathon runner and international bestselling author, grew up in Warwick
Patrick Leslie, pioneer settler in Warwick
Alan Marshall, cricket player, born in Warwick
Mervyn Meggitt, anthropologist, born in Warwick
Arthur Morgan, former Premier of Queensland, born in Warwick and Member of the Legislative Assembly for Warwick
Paul Neville, politician, born in Warwick
Adrienne Pickering, actress, born in Warwick
Chris Pickering, musician, born and raised in Warwick
Russell Skerman, Supreme Court Judge, attended Warwick High School
Duncan Thompson, Australian rugby league footballer, coach and administrator, born in Warwick
Elizabeth Catherine Usher AO (1911–1996), pioneering speech therapist, grew up in Warwick
William Webb, judge, attended school in Warwick
Attractions
- The Pringle Cottage Museum complex operated by the Warwick Historical Society[40]
Glengallan Homestead [41]
- Warwick Art Gallery [42]
Facilities
The Southern Downs Regional Council operates a public library in Warwick at 49 Albion Street.[43]
The Condamine Valley branch of the Queensland Country Women's Association has its rooms at 76 Grafton Street.[44]
Education
Warwick East State School is a government primary (Prep-6) school for boys and girls at Fitzroy Street (28°12′53″S 152°02′19″E / 28.2147°S 152.0385°E / -28.2147; 152.0385 (Warwick East State School)).[45][46] In 2017, the school had an enrolment of 217 students with 20 teachers (18 full-time equivalent) and 17 non-teaching staff (11 full-time equivalent).[47] It includes a special education program.[48]
Warwick Central State School is a government primary (Prep-6) school for boys and girls at the corner of Guy and Percy Streets (28°13′04″S 152°01′46″E / 28.2177°S 152.0294°E / -28.2177; 152.0294 (Warwick Central State School)).[45][49] In 2017, the school had an enrolment of 281 students with 22 teachers (20 full-time equivalent) and 16 non-teaching staff (10 full-time equivalent).[47] It includes a special education program.[50]
Warwick West State School is a government primary (Early Childhood-6) school for boys and girls at 17 George Street (28°13′16″S 152°00′53″E / 28.2211°S 152.0148°E / -28.2211; 152.0148 (Warwick West State School)).[45][51] In 2017, the school had an enrolment of 507 students with 47 teachers (40 full-time equivalent) and 33 non-teaching staff (21 full-time equivalent).[47] It includes a special education program.[45][52]
Glennie Heights State School is a government primary (Prep-6) school for boys and girls at 5-Dec Gillam Street (28°12′04″S 152°01′45″E / 28.2010°S 152.0291°E / -28.2010; 152.0291 (Glennie Heights State School)).[45][53] In 2017, the school had an enrolment of 177 students with 19 teachers (15 full-time equivalent) and 10 non-teaching staff (7 full-time equivalent).[47] It includes a special education program.[45]
Warwick State High School is a government secondary (7-12) school for boys and girls at Palmerin Street (28°12′37″S 152°02′01″E / 28.2103°S 152.0335°E / -28.2103; 152.0335 (Warwick State High School)).[45][54] In 2017, the school had an enrolment of 884 students with 88 teachers (80 full-time equivalent) and 53 non-teaching staff (38 full-time equivalent).[47] It includes a special education program.[52]
St Mary's School is a Catholic primary (Prep-6) school for boys and girls with two campuses, one at 163 Palmerin Street (28°13′08″S 152°01′55″E / 28.2190°S 152.0319°E / -28.2190; 152.0319 (St Mary's School)) for the younger children and the other for older children at 175 Palmerin Street (28°13′18″S 152°01′53″E / 28.2217°S 152.0314°E / -28.2217; 152.0314 (St Mary's School)).[45][55] In 2017, the school had a total enrolment of 324 students with 29 teachers (20 full-time equivalent) and 17 non-teaching staff (8 full-time equivalent).[47]
Assumption College is a Catholic secondary (7-12) school for boys and girls at 6 Locke Street (28°13′30″S 152°01′40″E / 28.2251°S 152.0279°E / -28.2251; 152.0279 (Assumption College)).[45][56] In 2017, the school had an enrolment of 441 students with 36 teachers (34 full-time equivalent) and 20 non-teaching staff (15 full-time equivalent).[47]
The SCOTS PGC College is a private primary and secondary (Prep-12) school for boys and girls at 60 Oxenham Street (28°12′40″S 152°02′49″E / 28.2110°S 152.0469°E / -28.2110; 152.0469 (The SCOTS PGC College)).[45][57] In 2017, the school had an enrolment of 359 students with 37 teachers (36 full-time equivalent) and 35 non-teaching staff (24 full-time equivalent).[47]
Warwick Christian College is a private primary and secondary (Prep-11) school for boys and girls at 70 Horsman Road (28°12′08″S 152°01′58″E / 28.2021°S 152.0329°E / -28.2021; 152.0329 (Warwick Christian College)).[45][58] In 2017, the school had an enrolment of 134 students with 13 teachers (10 full-time equivalent) and 16 non-teaching staff (8 full-time equivalent).[47] The school has a special assistance campus at 62 Canningvale Road (28°14′04″S 152°02′57″E / 28.2344°S 152.0492°E / -28.2344; 152.0492 (Warwick Christian College - Special Assistance School)).[45][59]
The School of Total Education is a private primary and secondary (Prep-12) school for boys and girls at 2 Freestone Road (28°12′14″S 152°02′39″E / 28.2039°S 152.0442°E / -28.2039; 152.0442 (The School of Total Education)).[45][60] In 2017, the school had an enrolment of 109 students with 25 teachers (16 full-time equivalent) and 11 non-teaching staff (6 full-time equivalent).[47]
Culture
Sport
Warwick has a rugby union team which compete in the Darling Downs Rugby Union competition, against such teams as the University of Southern Queensland Rugby Union Club, Toowoomba Rangers Rugby Union Club, Toowoomba City Rugby Club, Roma Echidnas, the Condamine Cods, the Dalby Wheatmen, the Goondiwindi Emus, the Warwick Water Rats and the University of Queensland Rugby Union Club (Gatton Campus).
The Warwick Cowboys, coached by one-time champion NRL coach Phil Economidis, play in the Toowoomba Rugby League.
Events
- Warwick Agricultural Show (March) [61]
FEI Eventing World Cup (May)- Jumpers and Jazz in July Festival (July)[62]
- The "Rose Bowl" Polocrosse Carnival (August)
- Warwick Trots (Harness Racing) (Darling Downs Harness Racing Club at Allman Park Racecourse) Father's Day, September
- Warwick Cup (Thoroughbred Horse Racing) (Warwick Turf Club at Allman Park Racecourse) October
- Warwick Rodeo (October)[63]
- Rose Festival (October)
See also
References
^ ab Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "Warwick (SUA)". 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 3 January 2018..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
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^ "The School of Total Education". Retrieved 21 November 2018.
^ "Local Shows - Southern Downs Regional Council". www.sdrc.qld.gov.au. Archived from the original on 27 September 2015. Retrieved 26 September 2015.
^ "Events - Southern Downs Regional Council". www.sdrc.qld.gov.au. Archived from the original on 27 September 2015. Retrieved 26 September 2015.
^ "Warwick Rodeo - Southern Downs Regional Council". www.sdrc.qld.gov.au. Archived from the original on 27 September 2015. Retrieved 26 September 2015.
Further reading
Heritage Trails of Great South East by the Queensland Environmental Protection Agency
- Local Government Reform Commission, http://www.dlgp.qld.gov.au/resources/map/reform/southern-downs-rationale.pdf (8/3/2010)
Murphy, D. J. (Denis Joseph), 1936-1984 (1975-11-01), Thirteen minutes of national glory - the Warwick Egg Incident, 1917, Oxley Memorial Library Advisory Committee for the Library Board of QueenslandCS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link) — full text available online
External links
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- Southern Downs Regional Council
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