崖豆藤属







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崖豆藤属

MillLaur.jpg

M. laurentii, foliage and flowers

科学分类 编辑
界：
植物界 Plantae
演化支：
被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支：
真双子叶植物 Eudicots
演化支：
蔷薇类植物 Rosids
目：
豆目 Fabales
科：
豆科 Fabaceae
亚科：
蝶形花亚科 Faboideae
族：
崖豆藤族 Millettieae
属：
崖豆藤属 Millettia
2010-05-29


, Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN)</ref>


| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = See text.
| synonyms = Milletia[1]
}}
崖豆藤属（学名：Millettia）是豆科蝶形花亞科下的一个属，为乔木或灌木植物。该属共有约150种，分布于热带和亚热带地区，例如牛大力（又稱「美麗崖豆藤」；Snowy Millettia）[2]。




目录






  • 1 簡述


  • 2 Etymology


  • 3 用途


  • 4 物種


  • 5 牛大力之中醫療用


  • 6 参考文献


  • 7 外部链接





簡述


In 1834, in Prodromus Florae Peninsulae Indiae Orientalis Robert Wight and George Arnott Walker-Arnott describe Millettia as:



Calyx cup-shaped, lobed or slightly toothed. Corolla papilionaceous: vexillum recurved, broad, emarginate, glabrous or silky on the back. Stamens diadelphous (9 and 1), the tenth quite distinct. Legume flat, elliptic or lanceolate, pointed, coriaceous, thick margined, wingless indehiscent, 1-2 seeded: valves closely cohering with each other all round the seeds and between them. Twining or arboreous. Leaves very large, unequally pinnated: leaflets opposite, with a setaceous partial stipule at the base of each partial petiole. Racemes axillary, more or less branched and compound. Flowers pretty large, purplish, pedicelled on shortish diverging partial peduncles.[3]




Etymology


Long known to residents of the Indies, China, and Africa, this species has had many traditional names. One of the oldest references in traditional Chinese medicine is in Bencao Gangmu Shiyi ("Supplement to Compendium of Materia Medica") where is called jixueteng. The Chinese name literally translates to "stem of chicken's blood" which refers to the red resin present in the stems of several climbing legume shrubs.[4]


In the 1820s-1830s Charles Millett, a plant collector and an official with the East India Company, collected many samples of Millettia while living in Canton and Macao. He sent them to the University of Glasgow's Botanical Garden. In 1834, Robert Wight and George Arnott Walker-Arnott, both Scottish botanists, published Prodromus Florae Peninsulae Indiae Orientalis where the genus Millettia is first mentioned. The authors named the genus after Charles Millett, incorrectly referring to him as Dr. Charles Millett.[3]Charles Millett of the East India Company has often been confused with Charles Millet, a French ichthyologist, who was active around the same time.[5]In addition J. A. Millet, a French botanist from the 18th century, is often misattributed as the source.[6]



用途


水黄皮(（Millettia pinnata）的種子可供榨油，油含量約為重量的25%，在印度為生物柴油的原料[7][8]。



物種


本屬原來有更多物種，後來昆明鸡血藤属（Callerya）從本屬獨立出去，帶走了不少物種。下列為現時本屬尚餘的部分物種：




  • Millettia aurea

  • Millettia brandisiana

  • Millettia bussei

  • Millettia capuronii

  • Millettia conraui

  • Millettia decipiens

  • Millettia duchesnei

  • Millettia elongistyla

  • Millettia eriocarpa

  • Millettia galliflagrans


  • Millettia grandis – Umzimbeet

  • Millettia hitsika

  • Millettia lacus-alberti


  • Millettia laurentii – Wengé

  • Millettia leucantha

  • Millettia macrophylla

  • Millettia micans

  • Millettia mossambicensis

  • Millettia nathaliae


  • 亮叶崖豆藤(（Millettia nitida）

  • Millettia orientalis


  • 厚果崖豆藤(（Millettia pachycarpa）

  • Millettia peguensis


  • 水黄皮(（Millettia pinnata）

  • Millettia psilopetela

  • Millettia pterocarpa

  • Millettia richardiana

  • Millettia sacleuxii

  • Millettia schliebenii

  • Millettia semsei

  • Millettia sericantha


  • Millettia stuhlmannii – Panga panga

  • Millettia sutherlandii

  • Millettia taolanaroensis

  • Millettia thonningii

  • Millettia unifoliata


  • Millettia usaramensis – Lesser millettia

  • Millettia utilis

  • Millettia warneckei




牛大力之中醫療用


其根可入藥，味甘、性平，能舒筋活絡、補脾潤肺。



参考文献





  1. ^ Milletia. International Plant Names Index. [2010-04-06] （英语）. 


  2. ^ 中国种子植物科属词典. 中国数字植物标本馆. （原始内容存档于2012-04-11）. 


  3. ^ 3.03.1 Wight, Robert; Arnott, George Arnott Walker. Prodromus Florae Peninsulae Indiae Orientalis: Containing Abridged Descriptions of the Plants Found in the Peninsula of British India, Arranged According to the Natural System, Volume 1. 1834: 263. 


  4. ^ Subhuti Dharmananda. MILLETTIA (jixueteng). 


  5. ^ M. Charters. The Eponym Dictionary of Southern African Plants — Plant Names L-O. 


  6. ^ Sue Eland. Galedupa - Plant Biographies (PDF). 


  7. ^ 生質柴油潛在樹木－水黃皮 (PDF). 台灣林業期刊. 2011-12 [2012-02-14]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2013-07-31）. 


  8. ^ Scott, Paul T.; Pregelj, Lisette; Chen, Ning; Hadler, Johanna S.; Djordjevic, Michael A.; Gresshoff, Peter M., Pongamia pinnata: an Untapped Resource for the Biofuels Industry of the Future, BioEnergy Research, 2008, 1: 2, doi:10.1007/s12155-008-9003-0 




外部链接



  • 維基物種中有關崖豆藤属的數據


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