List of cities and counties in the United States offering an LGBT non-discrimination ordinance






Map of states, counties, and municipalities that have sexual orientation and gender identity discrimination prohibited in public and private employment via statute, executive order, regulation, and/or court ruling:

  Sexual orientation and gender identity discrimination prohibited in public and private employment

  Sexual orientation discrimination prohibited in public and private employment, while gender identity discrimination prohibited in public employment

  Gender identity discrimination prohibited in public and private employment, while sexual orientation discrimination prohibited in public employment

  Sexual orientation discrimination prohibited in public and private employment

  Gender identity discrimination prohibited in public and private employment

  Sexual orientation and gender identity discrimination prohibited in public employment

  Sexual orientation discrimination prohibited in public employment

  Sexual orientation and gender identity discrimination not prohibited in public and private employment



A number of cities and counties in the United States have implemented non-discrimination laws for sexual orientation and/or gender identity. As of October 25, 2017, at least 400 cities and counties prohibit discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees.[1] Most but not all of these cities and counties are located in states that have a statewide non-discrimination law for sexual orientation and/or gender identity.


The following three jurisdictions of North Carolina, Tennessee and Arkansas have state laws strictly prohibiting local or county LGBT discrimination ordinances within in the absence of a comparable state discrimination law. The following jurisdictions have laws prohibiting discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity in the absence of a comparable state law. Localities in bold are jurisdictions that prohibit discrimination in the public and private sector. Localities in italics are jurisdictions that prohibit discrimination in public employment only.


Localities that prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation and/or gender identity (e.g. Miami), which are located in counties (in this case: Miami-Dade) that have also banned such discrimination, are mentioned in this article. Note that while LGBT people in Fort Lauderdale, for example, are not fully protected in employment discrimination under city law, they are fully protected under county law, and as such cannot be discriminated against on the sole ground of their sexual orientation and/or gender identity.


Additionally, several circuit courts of appeals have ruled that discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and/or gender identity is covered under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act. These are the Second, the Sixth, the Seventh, and the Eleventh circuit courts. Employment discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation is now banned in Indiana and, similarly, gender identity discrimination is banned in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Michigan, Ohio and Tennessee, despite none of these states possessing anti-discrimination legislation which include sexual orientation and/or gender identity.




Contents






  • 1 Circuit Court of Appeals rulings


    • 1.1 Sexual orientation


      • 1.1.1 Hively v. Ivy Tech Community College


      • 1.1.2 Zarda v. Altitude Express, Inc.




    • 1.2 Gender identity


      • 1.2.1 Glenn v. Brumby


      • 1.2.2 EEOC v. R.G. & G.R. Harris Funeral Homes




    • 1.3 Case law


      • 1.3.1 Schwenk v. Hartford


      • 1.3.2 Rosa v. Parks W. Bank & Trust Co


      • 1.3.3 Tovar v. Essentia Health


      • 1.3.4 Wittmer v. Phillips 66 Company






  • 2 West Region


    • 2.1 Pacific Division


      • 2.1.1 Alaska


      • 2.1.2 American Samoa


      • 2.1.3 California


      • 2.1.4 Guam


      • 2.1.5 Hawaii


      • 2.1.6 Northern Mariana Islands


      • 2.1.7 Oregon


      • 2.1.8 Washington




    • 2.2 Mountain Division


      • 2.2.1 Arizona


      • 2.2.2 Colorado


      • 2.2.3 Idaho


      • 2.2.4 Montana


      • 2.2.5 Nevada


      • 2.2.6 New Mexico


      • 2.2.7 Utah


      • 2.2.8 Wyoming






  • 3 Midwest Region


    • 3.1 West North Central Division


      • 3.1.1 Iowa


      • 3.1.2 Kansas


      • 3.1.3 Minnesota


      • 3.1.4 Missouri


      • 3.1.5 Nebraska


      • 3.1.6 North Dakota


      • 3.1.7 South Dakota




    • 3.2 East North Central Division


      • 3.2.1 Illinois


      • 3.2.2 Indiana


      • 3.2.3 Michigan


      • 3.2.4 Ohio


      • 3.2.5 Wisconsin






  • 4 North-East Region


    • 4.1 New England Division


      • 4.1.1 Connecticut


      • 4.1.2 Maine


      • 4.1.3 Massachusetts


      • 4.1.4 New Hampshire


      • 4.1.5 Rhode Island


      • 4.1.6 Vermont




    • 4.2 Middle Atlantic Division


      • 4.2.1 New Jersey


      • 4.2.2 New York


      • 4.2.3 Pennsylvania






  • 5 South Region


    • 5.1 West South Central Division


      • 5.1.1 Arkansas


      • 5.1.2 Louisiana


      • 5.1.3 Oklahoma


      • 5.1.4 Texas




    • 5.2 East South Central Division


      • 5.2.1 Alabama


      • 5.2.2 Kentucky


      • 5.2.3 Mississippi


      • 5.2.4 Tennessee




    • 5.3 South Atlantic Division


      • 5.3.1 Delaware


      • 5.3.2 District of Columbia


      • 5.3.3 Florida


      • 5.3.4 Georgia


      • 5.3.5 Maryland


      • 5.3.6 North Carolina


      • 5.3.7 Puerto Rico


      • 5.3.8 South Carolina


      • 5.3.9 United States Virgin Islands


      • 5.3.10 Virginia


      • 5.3.11 West Virginia






  • 6 Notes


  • 7 References





Circuit Court of Appeals rulings



Sexual orientation



Hively v. Ivy Tech Community College


In 2013, Kim Hively filed a lawsuit against the Ivy Tech Community College of Indiana in South Bend, arguing that she was denied promotions and let go from her job because of her sexual orientation. The United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit heard oral arguments in the case in November 2016 with discussion focusing on the meaning of the word "sex" in Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, which bans workplace discrimination based on race, religion, national origin or sex. On April 4, 2017, the Court of Appeals ruled in an 8-3 vote that the Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits employment discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation. Ivy Tech subsequently stated they would not appeal the ruling to the Supreme Court. This ruling creates a precedent for lower courts in Illinois, Indiana and Wisconsin to follow, meaning employment discrimination based on sexual orientation is now banned in these states (Illinois and Wisconsin already had laws prohibiting such discrimination).[2]Human Rights Campaign hailed the ruling, saying: "Today's ruling is a monumental victory for fairness in the workplace, and for the dignity of lesbian, gay and bisexual Americans who may live in fear of losing their job based on whom they love."[3]



Zarda v. Altitude Express, Inc.


On February 26, 2018, the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit (covering Connecticut, New York and Vermont) ruled that Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits sexual orientation employment discrimination under the category of sex.[4][5] Donald Zarda, who worked for Altitude Express as a skydiving instructor in New York, is gay. To avoid any discomfort his female students might feel being strapped to an unfamiliar man, Zarda would often disclose he was gay. Before one particular jump with a female student, Zarda told her that he was gay. After the skydive, the student told her boyfriend that Zarda had inappropriately touched her and disclosed his sexual orientation to excuse his behavior. The woman's boyfriend told Zarda's boss, who fired Zarda shortly thereafter. Zarda denied touching the student inappropriately and believed that he was fired solely because of his reference to his sexual orientation. The Court ruled, 10-3, that: "Logically, because sexual orientation is a function of sex and sex is a protected characteristic under Title VII, it follows that sexual orientation is also protected."[6] Donald Zarda died in 2014 in a base jumping accident[7] and the case was continued by his family. The ruling did not focus on whether the merits of his case specifically, but whether sexual orientation was protected as a function of sex,[8] and in effect protected gay workers under the Civil Rights Act.[9][9] Prior to the ruling, in July 2017, the Justice Department under President Trump had unexpectedly interceded in the case, arguing in filed a friend of the court brief that Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act did not explicitly cover sexual orientation discrimination in the workplace.[9][10] This stance put the DOJ at odds with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.[9]



Gender identity



Glenn v. Brumby


Main article: Glenn v. Brumby

In December 2011, the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit (covering Alabama, Florida and Georgia) ruled that Vandy Beth Glenn, a transgender woman living in Georgia, had been unfairly terminated from her job at the Georgia Legislative Assembly due to her transgender status. Relying on Price Waterhouse v. Hopkins and other Title VII precedent, the Court concluded that the plaintiff was discriminated against based on her sex because she was transitioning from male to female. The Court stated that a person is considered transgender "precisely because of the perception that his or her behavior transgresses gender stereotypes." As a result, there is "congruence" between discriminating against transgender individuals and discrimination on the basis of "gender-based behavioral norms." "Because everyone is protected against discrimination based on sex stereotypes, such protections cannot be denied to transgender individuals", the Court ruled.[11]



EEOC v. R.G. & G.R. Harris Funeral Homes


On March 7, 2018, the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit (covering Kentucky, Michigan, Ohio and Tennessee) ruled that Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits employment discrimination against transgender people. It also ruled that employers may not use the Religious Freedom Restoration Act to justify discrimination against LGBT people. Aimee Stephens, a transgender woman, began working for a funeral home and presented as male. In 2013, she told her boss that she had a gender identity disorder and planned to transition. She was promptly fired by her boss who said that "gender transition violat[es] God's commands because a person's sex is an immutable God-given fit."[12]



Case law


Case law has been established in the following cases.



Schwenk v. Hartford


On February 29, 2000, citing Title VII case law, the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, which covers Alaska, Arizona, California, Idaho, Guam, Hawaii, Montana, Nevada, the Northern Mariana Islands, Oregon and Washington, ruled that a transgender woman serving a prison sentence appropriately stated a claim of sex discrimination under the Gender Motivated Violence Act when filing a complaint about an assault from a prison guard.[11][13][14]



Rosa v. Parks W. Bank & Trust Co


On June 9, 2000, the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit (covering Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Puerto Rico and Rhode Island) ruled that Lucas Rosa, a transgender woman, could claim sex discrimination under the Equal Credit Opportunity Act when a bank denied her a loan application because of the way she was dressed. The ruling cited Title VII case law.[11][14][15][16]



Tovar v. Essentia Health


On May 24, 2017, the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit (covering Arkansas, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota) ruled in Tovar v. Essentia Health, the case of a nurse practitioner in Minnesota claiming discrimination based on gender identity because her insurance company would not cover her transgender child under her health insurance. The court ruled that Tovar lacked standing to pursue the claims of discrimination because she could not file suit on behalf of her child. However, in its ruling the 8th Circuit wrote that "because the district court concluded that Tovar is not within the class of plaintiffs for whom Title VII and the MHRA create causes of action, we assume for purposes of this appeal that the prohibition of sex-based discrimination under Title VII and the MHRA encompasses protection for transgender individuals".[16]



Wittmer v. Phillips 66 Company


In April 2018, the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Texas ruled that although a woman hadn't proven she had been discriminated against for being transgender by the company Phillips 66, if that had been proven, then the woman would have "had a case" under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.[17][18] The judge, who had been appointed by President George H. W. Bush in 1992, cited other recent cases as shaping the final decision.[17]



West Region



Pacific Division



Alaska


Statewide prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation for public employees by executive order.


  • Sexual orientation and gender identity
    • Cities and boroughs: Anchorage,[19]Juneau,[20] and Sitka[21]



American Samoa


There is no legal prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees on a statewide level.



California


Statewide prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees by state statute.



Guam


Prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees by statute.[22]



Hawaii


Statewide prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees by state statute.



Northern Mariana Islands


There is no legal prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees on a statewide level.



Oregon


Statewide prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees by state statute.



Washington


Statewide prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees by state statute.



Mountain Division



Arizona


Statewide prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation for public employees by executive order.


  • Sexual orientation and gender identity
    • Cities: Chandler,[23]Flagstaff,[24]Gilbert,[21]Glendale,[25]Mesa,[26]Phoenix,[27]Scottsdale,[28]Sedona,[29]Tempe,[30] and Tucson[1]



Colorado


Statewide prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees by state statute.[31]



Idaho


There is no legal prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees on a statewide level.



  • Sexual orientation and gender identity

    • County: Latah[32]

    • Cities: Boise,[1]Bellevue,[33]Coeur d'Alene,[1]Driggs,[34]Hailey,[35]Idaho Falls,[36]Ketchum,[1]Lewiston,[37][38]Meridian,[39]Moscow,[1]Pocatello,[40]Sandpoint,[1] and Victor[41]



  • Sexual orientation only
    • City: Twin Falls[37]




Montana


Statewide prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for public employees by executive order.


  • Sexual orientation and gender identity

    • County: Missoula[42]

    • City and county: Butte[43]

    • Cities: Bozeman,[44]Helena,[45]Missoula,[1] and Whitefish[46]




Nevada


Statewide prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees by state statute.



New Mexico


Statewide prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees by state statute.



Utah


Statewide prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees by state statute.



Wyoming


There is no legal prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees on a statewide level.



  • Sexual orientation and gender identity
    • Cities: Jackson[47][48] and Laramie[49]


  • Sexual orientation only
    • City: Casper,[21]Cheyenne,[25] and Gillette[21]




Midwest Region



West North Central Division



Iowa


Statewide prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees by state statute.



Kansas


There is no legal prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees on a statewide level.1



  • Sexual orientation and gender identity

    • County: Wyandotte County[50]

    • Cities: Prairie Village,[51]Emporia,[21]Hutchinson,[52]Kansas City,[50]Lawrence,[1]Manhattan,[26]Olathe,[21]Roeland Park,[53] and Topeka[26]



  • Sexual orientation only

    • City: Wichita[25]

    • County: Shawnee[54]





Minnesota


Statewide prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees by state statute.



Missouri


Statewide prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation for public employees only by executive order.



  • Sexual orientation and gender identity

    • Counties: Jackson[55] and St. Louis[1]

    • Independent city: St. Louis[1]

    • Cities: Clayton,[1]Columbia,[1]Creve Coeur,[56]Ferguson,[57]Kansas City,[1]Kirksville,[58]Kirkwood,[1]Maplewood,[59]Olivette,[1]Richmond Heights,[60] and University City[1]



  • Sexual orientation only
    • City: St. Charles[52]




Nebraska


There is no legal prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees on a statewide level.



  • Sexual orientation and gender identity
    • City: Bellevue,[21] and Omaha[1]


  • Sexual orientation only
    • Cities: Grand Island[26] and Lincoln[61]




North Dakota


There is no legal prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees on a statewide level.



  • Sexual orientation and gender identity
    • City: Grand Forks[62]


  • Sexual orientation only
    • Cities: Bismarck,[61]Fargo,[63]Jamestown,[26] and Mandan[26]




South Dakota


There is no legal prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees on a statewide level.



  • Sexual orientation and gender identity

    • County: Oglala Lakota[64]

    • Cities: Brookings,[65]Sioux Falls,[26] and Vermillion[21]



  • Sexual orientation only

    • County: Minnehaha[66]

    • Cities: Spearfish[26] and Watertown[25]





East North Central Division



Illinois


Statewide prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees by state statute.



Indiana


Statewide prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for public employees by executive order. While the state has not explicitly enacted any anti-discrimination legislation, discrimination in employment based on sexual orientation is banned in Indiana under the case of Hively v. Ivy Tech Community College.[2]



  • Sexual orientation and gender identity

    • Counties: Marion,[1]Monroe,[1]Tippecanoe[67][68] and Vanderburgh[69]

    • Cities: Anderson,[70]Bloomington,[1]Carmel,[71]Columbus,[72]Evansville,[73]Hammond,[72]Indianapolis,[1]Kokomo,[74]Lafayette,[67][75]Michigan City,[76]Muncie,[72]New Albany,[77]South Bend,[1]Terre Haute,[72]Valparaiso[78] and West Lafayette[79]

    • Towns: Munster[80] and Zionsville[72]



  • Sexual orientation only

    • County: Lake[81]

    • City: Fort Wayne[67]

    • Town: Whitestown[72]





Michigan


Statewide prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for state public employees by executive order. While the state has not explicitly enacted anti-discrimination legislation, discrimination in employment based on both sexual orientation and gender identity is interpreted by the Michigan Civil Rights Commission as being banned under the category of sex of the Elliott-Larsen Civil Rights Act.[82] The case of EEOC v. R.G. & G.R. Harris Funeral Homes has also established gender identity protections.[12]



  • Sexual orientation and gender identity

    • Cities: Adrian,[83]Albion,[84]Ann Arbor,[1]Battle Creek,[85]Bay City,[86]Chelsea,[87]Dearborn Heights,[88]Detroit,[1]Douglas,[84]East Grand Rapids,[89]East Lansing,[1]Farmington Hills,[84]Fenton,[90]Ferndale,[1]Grand Rapids,[1]Howell,[91]Huntington Woods,[1]Jackson,[92]Kalamazoo,[1]Lansing,[1]Lathrup Village,[93]Linden,[94]Marquette,[95]Mount Pleasant,[96]Muskegon,[97]Pleasant Ridge,[98]Portage,[99]Royal Oak,[100]Saline,[101]Saugatuck,[1]Southfield,[102]Traverse City,[1]Trenton,[103]Wayland,[84] and Ypsilanti[1]

    • Townships: Canton,[104]Delhi,[105]Delta,[106]Kalamazoo,[107]Oshtemo,[108]Saugatuck,[109] and Union[110]

    • Village: Lake Orion[111]



  • Sexual orientation only
    • City: Grand Ledge[84]




Ohio


Statewide prohibition of discrimination on the basis of both sexual orientation and gender identity or expression2 for government employees only by executive order.[112] While the state has not explicitly enacted any anti-discrimination legislation, discrimination in employment based on gender identity is banned in Ohio under the case of EEOC v. R.G. & G.R. Harris Funeral Homes.[12]


  • Sexual orientation and gender identity

    • Counties: Cuyahoga,[113]Franklin,[114]Hamilton,[115]Lucas,[116]Montgomery,[117]Summit,[1] and Wood[115]

    • Cities: Akron,[23][118]Athens,[119]Bexley,[120]Bowling Green,[1]Canton,[121]Cincinnati,[1]Cleveland,[1]Cleveland Heights,[122]Columbus,[1]Coshocton,[123]Dayton,[1]Dublin,[26]East Cleveland,[119]Gahanna,[115]Hamilton,[115]Kent,[124][125]Lakewood,[126]Lima,[115]Newark,[1]Oberlin,[127]Olmsted Falls,[128][129]Oxford,[1]South Euclid,[124]Springfield,[130]Toledo,[1] and Youngstown[131]

    • Villages: Laura,[115] and Yellow Springs[1]




Wisconsin


Statewide prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation for both public and private employees by state statute.


  • Sexual orientation and gender identity

    • Counties: Dane,[1] and Milwaukee[132]

    • Cities: Appleton,[133]Cudahy,[133]De Pere,[134]Janesville,[135]Madison,[1]Milwaukee,[1]Oshkosh,[21] and Stevens Point[136]




North-East Region



New England Division



Connecticut


Statewide prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees by state statute.



Maine


Statewide prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees by state statute.



Massachusetts


Statewide prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees by state statute.[137]



New Hampshire


Statewide prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees by state statute.[138]



Rhode Island


Statewide prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees by state statute.



Vermont


Statewide prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees by state statute.



Middle Atlantic Division



New Jersey


Statewide prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees by state statute.



New York


Statewide prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees by state statute and state regulation.


  • Sexual orientation and gender identity

    • Counties: Suffolk,[1]Tompkins,[1] and Westchester[139]

    • Cities: Albany,[1]Binghamton,[140]Buffalo,[1]Ithaca,[1]New York City,[1]Rochester,[1]Syracuse,[141] and Yonkers[25]




Pennsylvania


Statewide prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for state public employees by executive order. While the state has not explicitly enacted anti-discrimination legislation, discrimination in employment based on both sexual orientation and gender identity is interpreted by the Pennsylvania Human Relations Commission as being banned under the category of sex of the Pennsylvania Human Relations Act.[142]



  • Sexual orientation and gender identity

    • Counties: Allegheny[1] and Erie[1]

    • City and county: Philadelphia[1][143]

    • Cities: Allentown,[1]Bethlehem,[1]Easton,[1]Harrisburg,[1]Lancaster,[144]Pittsburgh,[1]Pittston,[145]Reading,[146]Scranton,[1]Wilkes-Barre[147] and York[1]

    • Townships: Abington,[148]Cheltenham,[149]East Norriton,[150]Haverford,[1]Lower Merion,[151]Mt. Lebanon,[152]Ross,[153]Springfield,[1]Susquehanna,[1][154]Upper Dublin,[155]Upper Merion,[156] and Whitemarsh[1]

    • Boroughs: Ambler,[157]Bridgeport,[158]Bristol,[159]Camp Hill,[160]Carlisle,[161]Conshohocken,[162]Dickson City,[163]Downingtown,[150]Doylestown,[1]Hatboro,[1]Jenkintown,[1]Kennett Square,[158]Lansdowne,[1]Narberth,[158]New Hope,[1]Newtown,[164]Norristown,[158]Phoenixville,[165]Plymouth,[158]Royersford,[158]State College,[1]Stroudsburg,[158]Swarthmore,[1]West Chester,[1]West Conshohocken,[158] and Yardley[166]



  • Sexual orientation only
    • Borough: Oxford[167]




South Region



West South Central Division



Arkansas


There is no legal prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees on a statewide level.5



  • Sexual orientation and gender identity

    • County: Pulaski[168]

    • Cities: Conway,[169]Eureka Springs,[170]Fayetteville,[171]Hot Springs,[172]Little Rock[26] and North Little Rock[173]



  • Sexual orientation only
    • City: Marvell,[174] and Springdale[21]




Louisiana


There is no legal prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees on a statewide level.



  • Sexual orientation and gender identity

    • Parish: Jefferson[23]

    • City and parish: New Orleans[1]

    • Cities: Alexandria,[26]Baton Rouge,[23]Lafayette[52] and Shreveport[175]

    • Unincorporated community: Metairie[25]



  • Sexual orientation only
    • City: Lake Charles[25]




Oklahoma


There is no legal prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees on a statewide level.



  • Sexual orientation and gender identity
    • City: Norman[176]


  • Sexual orientation only
    • Cities: Edmond,[52]Oklahoma City[177] and Tulsa[178]




Texas


There is no legal prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees on a statewide level.



  • Sexual orientation and gender identity

    • Counties: Bexar,[179]Dallas[1] and Walker[180]

    • Cities: Austin,[1]Arlington,[26]Brownsville,[26]Corpus Christi,[26]Dallas,[1]Denton,[26]El Paso,[26]Fort Worth,[1]Houston,[181]Irving,[21]Lubbock,[21]Mesquite,[26]Plano,[182]San Antonio,[183][184] and Waco[185]



  • Sexual orientation only
    • Cities: Grand Prairie[61] and McAllen,[25] and Round Rock[26]




East South Central Division



Alabama


There is no legal prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees on a statewide level. While the state has not explicitly enacted any anti-discrimination legislation, discrimination in employment based on gender identity is banned in Alabama under the case of Glenn v. Brumby.



  • Sexual orientation and gender identity
    • Cities: Birmingham,[186][187]Huntsville,[52]Montevallo[188] and Tuscaloosa[52]


  • Sexual orientation only
    • City: Montgomery[61]




Kentucky


Statewide prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for public employees by executive order. While the state has not explicitly enacted any anti-discrimination legislation, discrimination in employment based on gender identity is banned in Kentucky under the case of EEOC v. R.G. & G.R. Harris Funeral Homes.[12]


  • Sexual orientation and gender identity

    • Counties: Fayette[1] and Jefferson[1]

    • Cities and counties: Lexington[61] and Louisville[1]

    • Cities: Covington,[1]Danville,[189]Frankfort,[190]Midway,[191]Morehead,[192]Paducah,[193] and Vicco[1]




Mississippi


There is no legal prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees on a statewide level.


  • Sexual orientation and gender identity
    • Cities: Clarksdale,[194]Hattiesburg,[21]Jackson,[195]Magnolia,[196]Oxford,[21] and Starkville[21]



Tennessee


There is no legal prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees on a statewide level.3 While the state has not explicitly enacted any anti-discrimination legislation, discrimination in employment based on gender identity is banned in Tennessee under the case of EEOC v. R.G. & G.R. Harris Funeral Homes.[12]



  • Sexual orientation and gender identity

    • County: Davidson[197]

    • Cities: Chattanooga,[25]Knoxville,[198]Memphis,[199] and Nashville[197]



  • Sexual orientation only
    • City: Franklin[26]




South Atlantic Division



Delaware


Statewide prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees by state statute.



District of Columbia


Prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees by statute.



Florida


There is no legal prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees on a statewide level. While the state has not explicitly enacted any anti-discrimination legislation, discrimination in employment based on gender identity is banned in Florida under the case of Glenn v. Brumby.



  • Sexual orientation and gender identity

    • Counties: Alachua,[200]Broward,[1]Duval,[201]Hillsborough,[202]Leon,[1]Miami-Dade,[203]Monroe,[1]Orange,[204]Osceola,[205]Palm Beach,[1]Pinellas,[206]Sarasota,[207] and Volusia[1]

    • City and county: Jacksonville[208][209]

    • Cities: Atlantic Beach,[210]Boynton Beach,[211]Cape Coral,[25][212]Delray Beach,[213]Dunedin,[1]Fort Lauderdale,[21]Gainesville,[1]Greenacres,[211]Gulfport,[1]Key West,[1]Lake Worth,[1]Largo,[214]Leesburg,[215]Mascotte,[216]Miami,[61]Miami Beach,[1]Mount Dora,[201]Neptune Beach,[217]North Port,[1]Oakland Park,[201]Orlando,[218]Pembroke Pines,[201]Port St. Lucie,[26]Sarasota,[203][219]St. Augustine Beach,[1]St. Petersburg,[52]Tallahassee,[201]Tampa,[1]Venice,[220]West Palm Beach,[1] and Wilton Manors[201]

    • Towns: Haverhill[221][201] and Lake Clarke Shores[222]

    • Villages: Miami Shores,[26]Tequesta,[223] and Wellington[224]



  • Sexual orientation only

    • Cities: Belle Glade,[225]Coral Gables,[26]Hialeah,[25]Hollywood,[52] and Palm Beach Gardens[226]

    • Towns: Hypoluxo,[226]Juno Beach,[226]Jupiter,[226]Manalapan,[225]Montverde,[225]Pahokee,[225] and Palm Beach Shores[225]

    • Village: Royal Palm Beach[226]





Georgia


There is no legal prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees on a statewide level. While the state has not explicitly enacted any anti-discrimination legislation, discrimination in employment based on gender identity is banned in Georgia under the case of Glenn v. Brumby.



  • Sexual orientation and gender identity

    • Cities and counties: Augusta,[21]Athens,[227]Columbus,[61] and Macon-Bibb[228]

    • Cities: Atlanta,[1]Avondale Estates,[61]Clarkston,[229]Decatur,[26]Doraville,[230]Pine Lake,[231] and Savannah[232]



  • Sexual orientation only

    • Counties: DeKalb[233] and Fulton[234][235]

    • Cities: East Point,[233]Sandy Springs,[26] and Tybee Island[233]





Maryland


Statewide prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees by state statute.



North Carolina


Statewide prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for public employees only by executive order.4



Puerto Rico


Prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees by statute.



South Carolina


There is no legal prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees on a statewide level.



  • Sexual orientation and gender identity

    • County: Richland[236]

    • Cities: Charleston,[26]Columbia,[1] and Myrtle Beach[237]

    • Towns: Latta,[238] and Mount Pleasant[239]



  • Sexual orientation only
    • Cities: Folly Beach,[240] and North Charleston[26]




United States Virgin Islands


There is no legal prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for both public and private employees on a statewide level.



Virginia


Statewide prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity for public employees only by executive order.



  • Sexual orientation and gender identity
    • City: Charlottesville,[26] and Richmond[21]


  • Sexual orientation only

    • County: Arlington[241]

    • Independent city: Alexandria[241]





West Virginia



  • Sexual orientation and gender identity

    • Cities: Buckhannon,[242]Charles Town,[243]Charleston,[1]Fairmont,[244][245]Huntington,[25]Lewisburg,[246][247]Martinsburg,[248][249]Morgantown,[250][251] and Wheeling[252]

    • Towns: Athens,[253]Harpers Ferry,[254]Shepherdstown,[243]Sutton,[255] and Thurmond[253]



  • Sexual orientation only

    • County: Kanawha[256]

    • City: Elkins[257]





Notes




  • 1 Statewide executive order against employment discrimination on the basis of both sexual orientation and gender identity were allowed to expire in February 2015 under Governor Sam Brownback.


  • 2 Statewide executive order against employment discrimination on the basis of just gender identity was allowed to expire in January 2011 under Governor John Kasich, reinstated in December 2018 by Kasich.


  • 3 The Tennessee Equal Access to Intrastate Commerce Act blocks any local unit of government from barring discrimination on any basis not already covered by state law to private businesses.


  • 4 The North Carolina Public Facilities Privacy & Security Act blocks any local unit of government from barring discrimination on any basis not already covered by state law to private businesses.


  • 5 The Arkansas Intrastate Commerce Improvement Act blocks any local unit of government from barring discrimination on any basis not already covered by state law to private businesses.



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