Roger Mills County, Oklahoma

Roger Mills County, Oklahoma
Washita Battlefield National Historic Site
Location in the U.S. state of Oklahoma
Oklahoma's location in the U.S.
Founded	1891
Named for	Roger Q. Mills
Seat	Cheyenne
Largest town	Cheyenne
Area
• Total	1,146 sq mi (2,968 km2)
• Land	1,141 sq mi (2,955 km2)
• Water	5.3 sq mi (14 km2), 0.40%
Population (est.)
• (2013)	3,743
• Density	3.2/sq mi (1.2/km2)
Congressional district	3rd
Time zone	Central: UTC−6/−5
Website	www.rogermills.org

Roger Mills County is a county located in the western part of the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of the 2010 census, the population was 3,647,^[1] making it the third-least populous county in Oklahoma. Its county seat is Cheyenne.^[2] The county was created in 1891.^[3]

Roger Mills county is located above the petroleum-rich Panhandle-Hugoton Field, making it one of the leading sources of oil, natural gas and helium. The county also overlies part of the Ogallala Aquifer.^[4]

Contents

• 
  1 History
  


• 
  2 Geography
  
  
  
  • 
    2.1 Major Highways
    
  
  
  • 
    2.2 Adjacent counties
    
  
  
  • 
    2.3 National protected areas
    
  
  
  
  


• 
  3 Demographics
  


• 
  4 Economy
  


• 
  5 Politics
  


• 
  6 Communities
  


• 
  7 See also
  


• 
  8 References
  


• 
  9 External links
  

History

Roger Mills County takes its name from Roger Q. Mills, a senator from Texas.^[4][5] The town of Cheyenne in Roger Mills County is the location of the Battle of Washita River (also called Battle of the Washita; Washita Battlefield and the Washita Massacre), where George Armstrong Custer’s 7th U.S. Cavalry attacked Chief Black Kettle’s Cheyenne village on the Washita River on November 26, 1868.^[6]

The area covered by Roger Mills County had been part of the Cheyenne Arapaho reservation until after Oklahoma Territory was created and County E was formed. County E was renamed Day County. Day County was abolished. and Roger Mills County was created at statehood on November 16, 1907. The county's western boundary with Texas was moved eastward 3,800 feet (1,200 m) when the Supreme Court ruled that the 100th Meridian was farther east than originally supposed.^[4]

During the 1970s Roger Mills County and the surrounding area was the site of natural gas and oil development in the Panhandle-Hugoton field, the largest-volume gas field in the United States, and the world’s largest known source of helium. Between 1973 and 1993 the field produced over 8-trillion cubic feet (230,000,000 m³) of gas.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,146 square miles (2,970 km²), of which 1,141 square miles (2,960 km²) is land and 5.3 square miles (14 km²) (0.5%) is water.^[7] The Canadian River forms the northern border of the county.^[4] The Washita River passes by Cheyenne and Strong City as it crosses the county from west to east. The historically-significant Antelope Hills lie in the northeastern part of the county.

Major Highways

• 
  U.S. Highway 283
  


• 
  State Highway 6
  


• 
  State Highway 30
  


• 
  State Highway 33
  


• 
  State Highway 34
  


• 
  State Highway 47
  


• 
  State Highway 47A
  


• 
  State Highway 152
  

Adjacent counties

• 
  Ellis County (north)


• 
  Dewey County (northeast)


• 
  Custer County (east)


• 
  Beckham County (south)


• 
  Wheeler County, Texas (southwest)


• 
  Hemphill County, Texas (northwest)

National protected areas

• Antelope Hills


• 
  Black Kettle National Grassland (part)


• Washita Battlefield National Historic Site

Demographics

Historical population
Census	Pop.		%±
1900	6,190		—
1910	12,861		107.8%
1920	10,638		−17.3%
1930	14,744		38.6%
1940	10,736		−27.2%
1950	7,395		−31.1%
1960	5,090		−31.2%
1970	4,452		−12.5%
1980	4,799		7.8%
1990	4,147		−13.6%
2000	3,436		−17.1%
2010	3,647		6.1%
Est. 2016	3,640	[8]	−0.2%
U.S. Decennial Census[9] 1790-1960[10] 1900-1990[11] 1990-2000[12] 2010-2013[1]

As of the census^[13] of 2000, there were 3,436 people, 1,428 households, and 988 families residing in the county. The population density was 1/km² (3/mi²). There were 1,749 housing units at an average density of 1/km² (2/mi²). The racial makeup of the county was 91.76% White, 0.29% Black or African American, 5.47% Native American, 0.09% Asian, 0.52% from other races, and 1.86% from two or more races. 2.65% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 1,428 households out of which 29.40% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.80% were married couples living together, 6.80% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.80% were non-families. 28.60% of all households were made up of individuals and 16.90% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.91.

In the county, the population was spread out with 23.80% under the age of 18, 6.70% from 18 to 24, 24.70% from 25 to 44, 26.00% from 45 to 64, and 18.70% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females there were 100.50 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.90 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $30,078, and the median income for a family was $35,921. Males had a median income of $22,224 versus $19,821 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,821. About 11.50% of families and 16.30% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.40% of those under age 18 and 10.40% of those age 65 or over.

Economy

The county economy has depended on agriculture, which has benefitted from the fact that it lies above the Ogallala Aquifer. Principal crops have included Kaffir corn, broomcorn, wheat, cotton, corn, and alfalfa. Farms have been consolidating throughout the period since the Great Depression. In 1930, there were 2,353 farms, averaging 278.3 acres each. By 2000, there were 680 farms, averaging 1,015.54 acres each.^[4]

Petroleum and natural gas production has become an important contributor since discovery of the Panhandle-Hugoton Field.^[4]

Politics

Roger Mills County is heavily Republican, like most of rural western Oklahoma. It has voted for the Republican in every presidential election since 1980, and in all but three elections since 1952.

Voter Registration and Party Enrollment as of January 15, 2018[14]
Party		Number of Voters	Percentage
	Democratic	1,120	49.24%
	Republican	976	42.92%
	Others	178	7.83%
Total		2,274	100%

Presidential elections results

Presidential elections results^[15]

Year	Republican	Democratic	Third parties
2016	88.0% 1,547	8.6% 151	3.5% 61
2012	83.8% 1,402	16.3% 272
2008	84.0% 1,502	16.0% 287
2004	78.4% 1,388	21.6% 382
2000	73.2% 1,234	26.1% 441	0.7% 12
1996	49.6% 959	37.9% 733	12.5% 241
1992	41.0% 890	35.3% 767	23.8% 516
1988	56.3% 1,132	43.0% 866	0.7% 14
1984	69.1% 1,550	30.3% 680	0.6% 13
1980	56.2% 1,221	40.4% 877	3.4% 73
1976	38.9% 873	60.0% 1,346	1.1% 24
1972	78.2% 1,696	19.4% 420	2.5% 54
1968	45.3% 1,102	29.6% 720	25.1% 610
1964	40.8% 926	59.2% 1,345
1960	64.4% 1,463	35.6% 809
1956	44.0% 1,072	56.1% 1,367
1952	53.0% 1,667	47.0% 1,479
1948	19.0% 509	81.0% 2,176
1944	36.2% 1,148	63.4% 2,015	0.4% 13
1940	36.6% 1,504	62.8% 2,580	0.5% 22
1936	22.3% 989	76.4% 3,383	1.3% 57
1932	12.3% 511	87.7% 3,648
1928	63.5% 1,948	32.2% 986	4.3% 133
1924	34.0% 946	47.4% 1,318	18.7% 519
1920	46.8% 1,193	36.5% 931	16.8% 428
1916	23.8% 538	50.8% 1,148	25.4% 575
1912	32.8% 716	41.3% 902	25.9% 565

Communities

• Berlin


• 
  Cheyenne (county seat)


• Crawford


• Durham


• Grimes


• Hammon


• Reydon


• Roll


• Strong City


• Sweetwater

See also

• National Register of Historic Places listings in Roger Mills County, Oklahoma

References

1. 
   ^ ^ab "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved November 12, 2013..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
   


2. 
   ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
   


3. 
   ^ "Oklahoma: Individual County Chronologies". Oklahoma Atlas of Historical County Boundaries. The Newberry Library. Retrieved February 24, 2015.
   


4. 
   ^ ^abcdef Wilson, Linda D. "Roger Mills County,' Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture, Oklahoma Historical Society, 2009. Accessed April 5, 2015.
   


5. 
   ^ "Origin of County Names in Oklahoma." Chronicles of Oklahoma. Volume 2, Number 1. March, 1924.
   


6. 
   ^ Washita Battlefield National Historic Site. — National Park Service.
   


7. 
   ^ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Retrieved February 22, 2015.
   


8. 
   ^ "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved June 9, 2017.
   


9. 
   ^ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved February 22, 2015.
   


10. 
    ^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved February 22, 2015.
    


11. 
    ^ Forstall, Richard L., ed. (March 27, 1995). "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved February 22, 2015.
    


12. 
    ^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. April 2, 2001. Retrieved February 22, 2015.
    


13. 
    ^ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
    


14. 
    ^ "Oklahoma Registration Statistics by County" (PDF). OK.gov. January 15, 2018. Retrieved 2018-10-20.
    


15. 
    ^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved 2018-03-30.
    

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Roger Mills County, Oklahoma.

• RogerMills.org


• Oklahoma Digital Maps: Digital Collections of Oklahoma and Indian Territory

Places adjacent to Roger Mills County, Oklahoma
Hemphill County, Texas Ellis County Dewey County Roger Mills County Custer County Wheeler County, Texas Beckham County

v t e Municipalities and communities of Roger Mills County, Oklahoma, United States
County seat: Cheyenne
Towns	Cheyenne Hammon‡ Reydon Strong City Sweetwater‡
Unincorporated communities	Berlin Carpenter Crawford Dempsey Durham Grimes Herring Roll
Footnotes	‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties

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Coordinates: 35°41′N 99°42′W / 35.69°N 99.70°W / 35.69; -99.70

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