Istanbul University

































































Istanbul University
İstanbul Üniversitesi
Istanbul University logo.svg

Latin: Universitas Istanbulensis
Motto "Leadership in Higher Education for Centuries"
Type Public University
Established 1453/1846/1933
Rector Prof. Dr. Mahmut Ak
Administrative staff
 6,000
Undergraduates 86,092
Postgraduates 12,000
Location
Istanbul
,
Turkey


41°00′46.93″N 28°57′49.95″E / 41.0130361°N 28.9638750°E / 41.0130361; 28.9638750Coordinates: 41°00′46.93″N 28°57′49.95″E / 41.0130361°N 28.9638750°E / 41.0130361; 28.9638750
Campus Beyazıt Campus
Vezneciler Campus
Avcılar Campus
Bahçeköy Campus
Çapa Campus
Cerrahpaşa Campus
Kadıköy Campus
Founder
Mehmed II (1453)
Abdülmecid I (1846)
Abdülaziz I (1870)
Abdülhamid II (1900)
Mehmed V (1912)
M. K. Atatürk (1933)
Colors
     Green
     Yellow
Affiliations
Coimbra Group
EUA
UNIMED
Website istanbul.edu.tr

Istanbul University (Turkish: İstanbul Üniversitesi) is a prominent Turkish university located in Istanbul.


The main campus is adjacent to Beyazıt Square in Fatih, the capital district of the province, on the European side of the city.




Contents






  • 1 History


  • 2 Campus


  • 3 Notable alumni


  • 4 International rankings


  • 5 See also


  • 6 References


  • 7 External links





History


It was founded as an institution of higher education named the Darülfünûn (دار الفنون) (House of Multiple Sciences) on 23 July 1846; but the Medrese (Islamic theological school) which was founded immediately after Mehmed II conquered Constantinople (Istanbul) in 1453 is regarded as the precursor to the Darülfünûn which evolved into Istanbul University in 1933.[1] Education in a number of sciences and fields (such as medicine, mathematics, astronomy, cartography, geography, history, philosophy, religion, literature, philology, law, etc.) became available, and, until the 19th century, they were instrumental in educating the ruling cadres of the Ottoman society. However, when the medreses were no longer able to meet the needs of the modern world, a restructuring process began, and as a result, the institutions of higher education called Darülfünûn, the core of Istanbul University, was established.


An institution of higher education named the Darülfünûn-u Osmanî (دار الفنون عثماني) (Ottoman House of Sciences) was created in 1863, but suppressed in 1871.[1] Its first rector was Hasan Tahsini, regarded as one of the most important Ottoman scholars of the 19th century. In 1874 the Imperial University (Darülfünûn-u Sultanî) (دار الفنون سلطاني) started classes in law in French, but was closed in 1881.[1]


The Imperial University, now known as Darülfünûn-u Şahâne (دار الفنون شهانه) was refounded in 1900, with the departments of theology, arts, mathematics, science and philology.[1] In 1924, the faculties of law, medicine, arts and sciences were established in Istanbul University (İstanbul Darülfünûnu), as the university was now called.[1] Islamic theology was added in 1925, but in 1933 the university was reorganized without the latter.[1]




Main entrance gate of Istanbul University on Beyazıt Square, which was known as Forum Tauri (later Forum of Theodosius) in the late Roman period. Beyazıt Tower, located within the campus, is seen in the background, to the right of the flagpole.


The first modern Applied Physics courses were given at the Darülfünûn on 31 December 1863, which marked the beginning of a new period, and on 20 February 1870, the school was renamed as the Darülfünûn-u Osmanî (Ottoman House of Multiple Sciences) and reorganized to meet the needs of modern sciences and technologies. Starting from 1874, some classes of Literature, Law and Applied Sciences were given at the building of Galatasaray High School, which continued regularly until 1881. On 1 September 1900, the school was renamed and reorganized as the Darülfünûn-u Şahâne (Imperial House of Multiple Sciences) with courses on Mathematics, Literature and Theology. On 20 April 1912, the school was renamed as the İstanbul Darülfünûnu (Istanbul House of Multiple Sciences) while the number of courses were increased and the curricula were modernized with the establishment of the Schools of Medicine, Law, Applied Sciences (Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics), Literature and Theology.


On 21 April 1924, the Republic of Turkey recognized the İstanbul Darülfünûnu as a state school, and on 7 October 1925, the administrative autonomy of İstanbul Darülfünûnu was recognized while the Schools (within the old Medrese system) became modern Faculties.


On 1 August 1933, İstanbul Darülfünûnu was reorganized as İstanbul Üniversitesi (Istanbul University) following the educational reforms of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. Classes officially began on 1 November 1933.



Campus




The arched monumental gate of Istanbul University on the reverse of the 500 lira banknote (1971–1984)




Late Roman and early Byzantine remains at the Istanbul University campus next to Beyazıt Tower.




Interior of the main building


The university has seventeen faculties on five campuses; the main campus being on Beyazıt Square, which was originally built by Constantine the Great as the Forum Tauri and was later enlarged by Theodosius the Great as the Forum of Theodosius during the Roman period.


The main campus building with its landmark gate was previously used as the headquarters of the Harbiye Nezareti (Ministry of War) by the Ottoman government. Located on the grounds is the Beyazıt Tower, an 85 m (279 ft) tall fire-watch tower. The grounds were previously the location of the Ottoman era Eski Saray (Old Palace). Some Roman and Byzantine ruins are still visible on the grounds.


The university has a teaching staff of 2,000 professors and associates and 4,000 assistants and younger staff. More than 60,000 undergraduate and 8,000 postgraduate students follow the courses offered by Istanbul University every year.


The main gate was depicted on the reverse of the Turkish 500 lira banknotes of 1971–1984.[2]



Notable alumni



Turkish Presidents



  • Abdullah Gül


Foreign Presidents





  • Yitzhak Ben-Zvi, President of Israel


  • David Ben-Gurion, Prime Minister of Israel


Speakers of the Turkish parliament


  • Fuat Sirmen

  • Ferruh Bozbeyli



Turkish Prime Ministers






  • Refik Saydam[citation needed]

  • Yıldırım Akbulut

  • Sadi Irmak

  • Suad Hayri Ürgüplü

  • Nihat Erim




Foreign Prime Ministers





  • David Ben-Gurion, Prime Minister of Israel


  • Moshe Sharett, Prime Minister of Israel



Turkish Ministers




  • Mehmet Ali Şahin

  • Cemil Çiçek



Journalists 





  • Uğur Dündar

  • Abdi İpekçi

  • Halit Kıvanç

  • Nedim Şener

  • Ahmet Şık

  • Metin Toker

  • Hrant Dink




Scientists





  • Hulusi Behcet

  • Aykut Barka

  • Alp Ikizler

  • Ahmet Mete Işıkara

  • Muzaffer Şerif

  • Zeynel Mungan


  • Aziz Sancar, Nobel Laureate in Chemistry

  • Nazim Terzioglu




Writers





  • Nihal Atsiz

  • Ali Kurumahmut


  • Orhan Pamuk, Nobel Laureate in Literature


  • İlhan Selçuk[3]

  • Ahmet Hamdi Tanpinar


  • Bahadir Kaleagasi, international co-ordinator of TUSIAD




Poets




  • Orhan Veli

  • Attila İlhan

  • Onat Kutlar



Musicians





  • Mercan Dede

  • Sadettin Kaynak

  • Arif Mardin

  • Bülent Ortaçgil




Medicine




  • Masud Sabri – Pharmacist and former Governor of Xinjiang province in China


Other






  • Özgür Çevik – Singer, Actor


  • Cansu Dere – Actress, Model


  • Burcu Esmersoy[4] – Anchorwoman, Model


  • Deniz Gezmiş – Political activist


  • Özgü Namal – Actress, Singer


  • Türkan Rado (1915-2007), first ever Turkish female professor of jurisprudence


  • Çağatay Ulusoy – Actor


  • Okan Yalabık – Actor




International rankings






















University rankings
Global

ARWU World[5]
 401-500 (2018)

Times World[7]
 801-1000 (2018)

USNWR World[8]
 668 (2018)

QS World[6]
 801-1000 (2019)


See also



  • Balkan Universities Network

  • Famous Academicians and Persons of Istanbul University (German)

  • List of modern universities in Europe (1801–1945)

  • Istanbul University Observatory

  • Beyazıt Tower

  • Dar ul-Funun (Persia)


  • Platopainting.jpg University portal


  • Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey portal



References





  1. ^ abcdef Rüegg, Walter: "European Universities and Similar Institutions in Existence between 1812 and the End of 1944: A Chronological List", in: Rüegg, Walter (ed.): A History of the University in Europe. Vol. 3: Universities in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries (1800–1945), Cambridge University Press, 2004, .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
    ISBN 978-0-521-36107-1, p. 687


  2. ^ Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 3 June 2009. Retrieved 2008-01-05.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link) . Banknote Museum: 6. Emission Group – Five Hundred Turkish Lira – I. Series Archived 4 February 2009 at the Wayback Machine. & II. Series Archived 4 February 2009 at the Wayback Machine.. – Retrieved 20 April 2009.


  3. ^ "Turkish journalist İlhan Selçuk died". National Turk. 2008-06-23. Retrieved 2010-07-06.


  4. ^ İpek, Bülent (1 January 2011). "O Artık Bir Magazin Figürü". HaberTürk. Istanbul. Archived from the original on 3 August 2014. Retrieved 10 August 2016.


  5. ^ Academic Ranking of World Universities 2018


  6. ^ QS World University Rankings 2019


  7. ^ THE World University Rankings 2018


  8. ^ U.S. News Education: Best Global Universities 2018




External links








  • Istanbul University website (in Turkish) (in English)

  • History of Istanbul University (Turkish)













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