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Winnfield, Louisiana
Winnfield, Louisiana | |
|---|---|
City | |
 Downtown Winnfield | |
 Location of Winnfield in Winn Parish, Louisiana. | |
 Location of Louisiana in the United States | |
| Coordinates: 31°55′24″N 92°38′25″W / 31.92333°N 92.64028°W / 31.92333; -92.64028Coordinates: 31°55′24″N 92°38′25″W / 31.92333°N 92.64028°W / 31.92333; -92.64028 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Louisiana |
| Parish | Winn |
| Government | |
| • Type | City Council/Mayor |
| • Mayor | Mayor Kiah Beville (R) Winnfield City Council: Chief of Police Johnny Carpenter (D) |
| Area [1] | |
| • Total | 3.64 sq mi (9.43 km2) |
| • Land | 3.64 sq mi (9.43 km2) |
| • Water | 0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2) |
| Elevation | 128 ft (39 m) |
| Population (2010) | |
| • Total | 4,840 |
| • Estimate (2016)[2] | 4,495 |
| • Density | 1,234.21/sq mi (476.58/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (CST) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| ZIP code | 71483 |
| Area code(s) | 318 Exchanges: 628, 648 |
| FIPS code | 22-82460 |
| Website | Official website |
Winnfield is a small city in the parish seat of Winn Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 5,749 at the 2000 census, and 4,840 in 2010. Three governors of the state of Louisiana were from Winnfield.[3]
Contents
1 History
2 Geography
3 Demographics
4 Economy
5 Museums
6 Annual Events
7 Education
7.1 Public schools
7.2 Higher education
8 Media
8.1 Newspaper
8.2 TV
8.3 Radio
9 Notable people
10 In popular culture
11 References
12 External links
History
Stores in Winnfield, 1904
Courthouse, 1904
Winnfield City Hall
This restored railroad depot in downtown Winnfield houses the Louisiana Political Museum and Hall of Fame, with many of the exhibits dedicated to the Long family
Bank of Winnfield
Since the 1960s, Flurry's Pharmacy has operated in the oldest brick building at 101 E. Main Street in downtown Winnfield[4]
First Baptist Church in downtown Winnfield
Winnfield Senior High School is located on a wooded lot off U.S. Highway 167 in north Winnfield
When Winn Parish was officially formed by the state legislature in 1852, Winnfield was established as the parish seat.[citation needed] During the Civil War, the area around Winnfield was the site of some minor skirmishes. Confederate forces defeated a Union detachment sent to destroy the Cary Salt Works in the area.[citation needed]
Many Civil War bandits made the region their home. Among these were the West and Kimbrill clans, which at one time included the Frank & Jesse James.[citation needed]
Three Louisiana governors were Winnfield natives and grew up here: Huey Long, Oscar K. Allen and Earl Long. Huey Long became governor, U.S. Senator. He was assassinated in 1935. Oscar K. Allen was elected governor in 1932. Earl Long, "the Louisiana Longshot," served in a variety of state positions, said to be more than other Louisianan, including elective office.[citation needed] He was elected governor in 1939, 1948 and 1956. He was elected to Congress in 1960 but died before he could assume office.
Winnfield was a major producer of salt in the Civil War days, salt kettles used at Big Cedar furnished salt for the Confederate army. One still exists today in front of the Louisiana Political Museum and Hall of Fame, turned into a fountain. The salt works was located on Saline Bayou.[5] Later the Cary Salt Works started an 840 ft deep mine south of Winnfield. The mine was used by the federal government in Project Coyboy Plowshare Program, Cowboy Event. Between Dec 1959 and March 1960 a series of high explosives were set off inside the Carry Salt Works in an unused portion of the mine.[6][7][8] The mine later was flooded by an underground river. The mine and all equipment inside was abandoned.
The rock quarry operated near or on top of the salt mine and produced limestone and gravel still operates today as Winn Rock.
Geography
Winnfield has an elevation of 128 feet (39.0 m).[9] According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 3.3 square miles (8.6 km²), all land. North and west of Winnfield, Saline Bayou, a National Wild and Scenic Rivers System waterway, offers blackwater canoeing as well as fishing.
Winnfield is about a three-hour driving distance from Baton Rouge.[10]
Demographics
| Historical population | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Census | Pop. | %± | |
| 1880 | 133 | — | |
| 1910 | 2,925 | — | |
| 1920 | 2,975 | 1.7% | |
| 1930 | 3,721 | 25.1% | |
| 1940 | 4,512 | 21.3% | |
| 1950 | 5,629 | 24.8% | |
| 1960 | 7,022 | 24.7% | |
| 1970 | 7,142 | 1.7% | |
| 1980 | 7,311 | 2.4% | |
| 1990 | 6,138 | −16.0% | |
| 2000 | 5,749 | −6.3% | |
| 2010 | 4,840 | −15.8% | |
| Est. 2016 | 4,495 | [2] | −7.1% |
| U.S. Decennial Census[11] | |||
As of the census[12] of 2000, there were 5,749 people, 2,172 households, and 1,446 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,733.4 people per square mile (668.6/km²). There were 2,554 housing units at an average density of 770.1 per square mile (297.0/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 48.29% White, 49.83% African American, 0.38% Native American, 0.16% Asian, 0.16% from other races, and 1.18% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.15% of the population.
There were 2,172 households out of which 33.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.9% were married couples living together, 24.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.4% were non-families. 30.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.54 and the average family size was 3.15.
In the city, the population was spread out with 29.6% under the age of 18, 9.5% from 18 to 24, 24.3% from 25 to 44, 19.4% from 45 to 64, and 17.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 84.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 77.5 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $19,342, and the median income for a family was $25,201. Males had a median income of $27,123 versus $14,267 for females. The per capita income for the city was $10,180. About 25.2% of families and 31.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 43.5% of those under age 18 and 28.9% of those age 65 or over.
Shane Bauer, a journalist for Mother Jones, described Winnfield as "very poor".[13]
Economy
As of 2014[update], according to Bauer, Walmart, Winn Correctional Center, and the area lumber mill offer the majority of the jobs in the Winnfield area; because of the poverty in the area residents are willing to take low-paying jobs at Winn Correctional Center despite the danger present there.[13]
Museums
Louisiana Political Museum and Hall of Fame
Annual Events
Uncle Earl's Hog Dog Trials - a yearly bay dog event.- Louisiana Forest Festival.
Education
Public schools
Winn Parish School Board operates local public schools, which include:
- Winnfield Senior High School
- Winnfield Middle School
- Winnfield Intermediate School
- Winnfield Primary School
- Winnfield Kindergarten School
Higher education
Louisiana Technical College — Huey P. Long campus
Media
Newspaper
- Winn Parish Enterprise
- The piney Woods Journal
TV
KCDH-LP Cable only
Radio
| Channel | Callsign | Format | Owner |
|---|---|---|---|
| 92.1 | KVCL | Country | Baldridge-Dumas Communications |
Notable people
Morris N. Abrams – educator[14]
Oscar K. Allen – Governor of Louisiana[3]
Bryant W. Bailey – politician
George Washington Bolton - businessman and patriarch of the Bolton family of Alexandria; lived in Winnfield in the latter 1860s
James W. Bolton – banker in Alexandria; son of George Washington Bolton
Harley Bozeman – tree farmer, politician, historian, confidant of Huey and Earl Long[15]
Ossie Brown – district attorney of East Baton Rouge Parish[16]
P. J. Brown – professional basketball player- J. Earl Downs, public safety commissioner in Shreveport from 1954 to 1962; educator and coach in Winnfield in the 1930s[17]
James R. Fannin – Louisiana state representative
Gerald Long – Louisiana state senator
Gillis William Long – member of the United States House of Representatives
Earl K. Long – Governor of Louisiana[3]
Huey Pierce Long, Jr. – Governor of Louisiana, senator from Louisiana[3]
Charlton Lyons – chairman of the Louisiana Republican Party.[18]
Terry Reeves - district attorney for Winn Parish (1991-2005)[19]
- Floyd W. Smith, Jr. – mayor of Pineville, Louisiana, from 1966 to 1970[20]
Kenneth Michael "Mike" Smith – member of the Louisiana State Senate
P.K. Smith – member of the Louisiana House of Representatives
William Jay Smith – Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress between 1968 and 1970
Anthony Thomas – professional American football player
Thomas D. Milling - Brigadier General, United States Air Force
William Stewart Walker – lieutenant colonel, United States Army
In popular culture
Portions of the 1989 film, Blaze, starring Paul Newman, were filmed in Winnfield and Saline.[21]
References
^ "2016 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved Jul 2, 2017..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
^ ab "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved June 9, 2017.
^ abcd "The City of Winnfield, Louisiana, Official website, Retrieved on February 10, 2009
^ "Flurry's Pharmacy". flurryspharmacy.com. Archived from the original on December 27, 2013. Retrieved December 26, 2013.
^ http://files.usgwarchives.net/la/winn/history/hist1948.txt
^ http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015077284282;view=1up;seq=10
^ http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA158233
^ http://winnfield.winnfreenet.com/bomb.php
^ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
^ Bauer, Shane. "My four months as a private prison guard." Mother Jones. July/August 2016. Retrieved on June 27, 2016.
^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Archived from the original on May 12, 2015. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
^ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2013-09-11. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
^ ab "My Four Months as a Private Prison Guard: Part One ." Mother Jones. June 23, 2016. Retrieved on July 2, 2016. About 2:50 through 3:20 of 4:30.
^ "Abrams, Morris Newton". Louisiana Historical Association, A Dictionary of Louisiana Biography (lahistory.org). Archived from the original on November 10, 2010. Retrieved December 24, 2010.
^ Harley Bozeman obituary, Winn Parish Enterprise-News-American, May 20, 1971
^ "Ossie Brown obituary". Baton Rouge Morning Advocate. Retrieved August 30, 2008.
^ Minden, Louisiana, Herald, July 30, 1948
^ "Charlton H. Lyons," Louisiana Historical Association, A Dictionary of Louisiana Biography, Vol. 1 (1988), pp. 528–529
^ Ron Manley. "Terry Ray Reeves". findagrave.com. Retrieved May 17, 2015.
^ "Bret H. McCormick, "Floyd W. Smith, Jr., Former Mayor of Pineville, Dies at 77"". Alexandria Daily Town Talk. Retrieved February 12, 2010.
[dead link]
^ "Internet Movie Database".
External links
 | Wikimedia Commons has media related to Winnfield, Louisiana. |
 | Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Winnfield. |
Official website
Municipalities and communities of Winn Parish, Louisiana, United States | ||
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Parish seat: Winnfield | ||
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| Town |
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| Villages |
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| CDPs |
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| Other unincorporated communities |
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| Footnotes | ‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent parish or parishes | |
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