Nationalist Republican Alliance

Nationalist Republican Alliance Alianza Republicana Nacionalista
Leader	Mauricio Interiano
Founded	30 September 1981
Headquarters	Prolongación Calle Arce, entre 45 y 47 av N. #2429. Col. Flor Blanca, San Salvador, El Salvador
Ideology	Salvadoran nationalism Conservatism[1][2][3] Economic liberalism
Political position	Right-wing[4][5][6][7][8][9]
International affiliation	International Democrat Union
Regional affiliation	Union of Latin American Parties
Colours	Blue, White and Red
PARLACEN group	Central American Democratic Alliance
Seats in the Legislative Assembly	37 / 84
Mayors	135 / 262
Central American Parliament	8 / 20
Website
arena.org.sv
Politics of El Salvador Political parties Elections

The Nationalist Republican Alliance (Spanish: Alianza Republicana Nacionalista, ARENA) is a conservative, right-wing political party of El Salvador. It was founded on 30 September 1981, by retired Salvadoran soldier Roberto D'Aubuisson and Mercedes Gloria Salguero Gross.^[10] It defines itself as a political institution constituted by "Salvadorans who defend the democratic, republican, and representative system of government, the social market economy system and nationalism".

ARENA controlled the National Assembly of El Salvador until 1985, and its party leader Alfredo Cristiani was elected to the presidency in 1989. ARENA controlled the presidency from 1989 until 2009. The party gained a plurality in the Legislative Assembly in 2012.

Contents

• 
  1 History
  


• 
  2 Structure
  


• 
  3 Electoral record
  


• 
  4 Election results
  
  
  
  • 
    4.1 Presidential elections
    
  
  
  • 
    4.2 Legislative elections
    
  
  
  
  


• 
  5 ARENA Presidents of El Salvador
  


• 
  6 References
  


• 
  7 External links
  

History

Main article: Roberto D'Aubuisson

ARENA was founded in 1981 and was composed of former members from PCN. The party arose in response to "the insurgency of the Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN, a group that united peasant farmers, unionists and intellectuals, which tried, through arms, to overthrow the dictatorship and to install a state regime inspired by the governments of revolutionary Cuba and Sandinista Nicaragua".^{[citation needed]}

The ideology the party affirms to believe in is a system of democratic and representative government, emphasizing individual rights, the family as the nucleus of society and the respect for private property.

In February 2007, three ARENA politicians were murdered in Guatemala, including Eduardo D'Aubuisson, the son of party founder Roberto D'Aubuisson, in what was considered by the police as a crime related to drugs.^[11][12]

In 2009, ARENA took out a full-page ad in a Salvadorean newspaper calling on President Mauricio Funes to recognise the interim Honduran government of Roberto Micheletti installed after the military had expelled President Manuel Zelaya.^[13]

Structure

ARENA is divided into eight sectors: Agricultural, Professional, Feminine, Youth, Workers, Peasants, Private Enterprise, and Expats.^{[original research?]}

The highest authority of the party ARENA is the Comité Ejecutivo Nacionalista (COENA, "Nationalist Executive Committee"), which consists of 13 members. The members must be re-elected annually through the General Assembly of ARENA members.^{[original research?]}

In addition to the COENA, there are 14 Directors-in-Chief, one for each department and departmental councils called "Juntas Directivas Conjuntas" to coordinate political work in their respective department. In each department, a director is chosen who works with a specific member of COENA. The director's role is to organize and co-ordinate electoral campaigns and help the councils form party structures in the municipalities of their departments.^{[original research?]}

On February 19, 2013, Jorge Velado assumed the position as president of COENA, in a party leadership shake-up aimed at re-energizing a stale organization tainted by its association with the violent death squads of the 1980s, widespread corruption and the switch to the U.S. dollar as the national currency. Velado's former position as COENA's vice-president of ideology was immediately assumed by Ernesto Muyshondt.

Electoral record

At the legislative elections held on March 16, 2003, the party won 32.0% of the popular vote and 27 out of 84 seats in the Legislative Assembly. ARENA's successful candidate in El Salvador's 2004 presidential election was Antonio Saca. On 21 March 2004, Saca defeated Schafik Handal, the candidate of the left-wing Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, by a margin of 58% to 36% with 70% turnout. He was sworn in as president the following June 1st.

In the March 12, 2006 legislative election, the party won 39.4% of the popular vote and 32 out of 84 seats. At the January 18, 2009 legislative elections, the party received 38.55% of the vote, and again won 32 of the 84 seats.

On 15 March 2009, ARENA candidate Rodrigo Ávila lost the presidential election to Mauricio Funes of the FMLN.
After elections, the party president was changed to Alfredo Cristiani.^{[citation needed]}

Election results

Presidential elections

Election year	Candidate	First Round		Second Round		Result
		No. of overall votes	% of overall vote	No. of overall votes	% of overall vote
1984	Roberto D'Aubuisson	376,917	29.77% (No. 2)	651,741	46.41% (No. 2)	Lost
1989	Alfredo Cristiani	505,370	53.82% (No. 1)			Won
1994	Armando Calderón Sol	641,108	49.03% (No. 1)	818,264	68.35% (No. 1)	Won
1999	Francisco Flores	614,268	51.96% (No. 1)			Won
2004	Antonio Saca	1,314,436	57.71% (No. 1)			Won
2009	Rodrigo Ávila	1,284,588	48.68% (No. 2)			Lost
2014	Norman Quijano	1,047,592	38.96% (No. 2)	1,489,451	49.89% (No. 2)	Lost
2019	Carlos Calleja	857,084	31.72% (No. 2)			Lost

Legislative elections

Election year	No. of overall votes	% of overall votes	Seats won
1982	286,665	29.28% (No. 2)	19 / 60
1985	286,665	29.70% (No. 2)	13 / 60
1988	447,696	48.10% (No. 1)	31 / 60
1991	466,091	44.33% (No. 1)	39 / 84
1994	605,775	45.03% (No. 1)	39 / 84
1997	396,301	35.40% (No. 1)	28 / 84
2000	436,169	36.04% (No. 1)	29 / 84
2003	446,233	31.90% (No. 2)	27 / 84
2006	620,117	39.40% (No. 2)	34 / 84
2009	854,166	38.55% (No. 2)	32 / 84
2012	620,117	39.40% (No. 2)	34 / 84
2015	885,374	38.90% (No. 1)	32 / 84
2018	886,365	41.72 % (No. 1)	35 / 84

ARENA Presidents of El Salvador

• 
  Alfredo Cristiani (1989–1994)


• 
  Armando Calderón Sol (1994–1999)


• 
  Francisco Flores Pérez (1999–2004)


• 
  Antonio Saca (2004–2009)

References

1. 
   ^ "El Salvador's presidential election: A nation divided", The Economist, 12 March 2009.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
   


2. 
   ^ Van Der Lijn, Jair (2006), Walking the Tightrope: Do UN peacekeeping operations actually contribute to durable peace?, Rozenberg Publishers, p. 252
   


3. 
   ^ Middlebrook, Kevin J. (2000), "Conclusion", Conservative Parties, the Right, and Democracy in Latin America, JHU Press, p. 286
   


4. 
   ^ Beetham, David (2002), "El Salvador", The State of Democracy, Kluwer Law International, p. 27
   


5. 
   ^ Wood, Elisabeth J. (2000), "Civil War and the Transformation of Elite Representation in El Salvador", Conservative Parties, the Right, and Democracy in Latin America, JHU Press, p. 243
   


6. 
   ^ "El Salvador", The Europa World Year Book 2008, Taylor & Francis, p. 1649, 2008
   


7. 
   ^ Atkins, Stephen E. (2004), "ARENA", Encyclopedia of Modern Worldwide Extremists and Extremist Groups, Greenwood Press, p. 24
   


8. 
   ^ Bounds, Andrew (2001), "El Salvador: History", South America, Central America and the Caribbean 2002, Routledge, p. 384
   


9. 
   ^ Middlebrook, Kevin J. (2000), "Introduction", Conservative Parties, the Right, and Democracy in Latin America, JHU Press, p. 26
   


10. 
    ^ "Expresidenta de Arena pide enderezar proceso de elección de candidato". Elfaro.net. Retrieved 2019-02-04.
    


11. 
    ^ http://www.elfaro.net/es/201011/noticias/2911/
    


12. 
    ^ "$5 Million Dollars and 20 Kilos of Cocaine". 18 November 2010. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
    


13. 
    ^ CounterPunch, 22 July 2009, Back to the Future? Return to El Salvador
    

External links

• 
  El Salvador portal
  


• 
  Politics portal
  

• 
  Official website (in Spanish)
  


• 
  Youth wing website (in Spanish)
  


• 
  Rodrigo Ávila's website (in Spanish)
  

v t e Political parties in El Salvador
Represented in the Legislative Assembly	Nationalist Republican Alliance Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front Grand Alliance for National Unity National Coalition Party Christian Democratic Party Democratic Change
Unrepresented	Christian Force National Action Party National Liberal Party Popular Action Republican People's Party Renewal Movement Social Democratic Party United Democratic Centre Unity Movement
Portal:Politics - List of political parties - Politics of El Salvador

v t e International Democrat Union
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Authority control	LCCN: no95015193 VIAF: 127406067 WorldCat Identities (via VIAF): 127406067

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