蘇木亞科










































苏木亚科

Tamarindus indica pods.JPG

羅望子 Tamarindus indicus

科学分类 编辑
界：
植物界 Plantae
演化支：
被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支：
真双子叶植物 Eudicots
演化支：
蔷薇类植物 Rosids
目：
豆目 Fabales
科：
豆科 Fabaceae
亚科：
苏木亚科 Caesalpinioideae
DC., 1825

模式属

云实属
Caesalpinia
L., 1753

族



  • 決明族 Cassieae


  • 雲實族 Caesalpinieae

  • 原含羞草亚科 Mimosoideae


    • 金合歡族 Acacieae


    • 印加樹族 Ingeae


    • 含羞草族 Mimoseae


    • 龍突含羞木族 Mimozygantheae






蘇木亞科（学名：Caesalpinioideae）又被稱為雲實亞科，是豆科的一个亚科，都是木本，有乔木也有灌木，大约有150属2200种，广泛分布在全世界热带和亚热带地区，尤其是在新热带界和非洲，中国有20属约100余种。有些植物学家也将这个亚科看作一个独立的科（Caesalpiniaceae）。花序總狀，稍微呈两侧对称，分离，上升覆瓦状排列，5枚左右對稱的花瓣，雄蕊10或较少，多数分离。如阿勃勒、洋紫荊、黃槐、羊蹄甲、决明、苏木。此亞科的模式屬為蘇木屬（Caesalpinia）。




目录






  • 1 外形


  • 2 分类


  • 3 參考資料


  • 4 參看


  • 5 圖庫


  • 6 外部連結





外形


大多数蘇木亞科植物是喬木，少数是灌木、爬藤和草本植物。叶子互生或对生，有托叶。


花序有总状花序、穗状花序和伞房花序。花双性，可以是轴对称至面对称的。花被双重，总是五瓣。五枚花萼往往连在一起。五枚花瓣不连在一起。通过花苞可以看出花瓣相互重叠。一般有十枚雄蕊，极少数有一枚雄蕊的。雄蕊可能独立，也可能不同形式地长在一起。雌蕊仅一枚。果实为荚果。



分类


分子生物学研究结果表明传统的蘇木亞科是单系群的豆科内的一个并系分类。这个亚科包括四个族、120至160个属和约2000个种。
有些源於巴西的文獻（例如：Souza & Lorenzi 在 2005年出版的《系統植物學》第二版[1]）會認為紫荊族不再是蘇木亞科内的分类，而是豆科内独立的一个亚科。*


2017年豆科植物分类工作组正式将豆科分成六个亚科，紫荊族（Cercideae）及甘豆族（Detarieae）从旧有的苏木亚科被拆分出来，设立甘豆亚科（Detarioideae）、紫荆亚科（Cercidoideae）、摘亚木亚科（Dialioideae）和山姜豆亚科（Duparquetioideae），并将单系群的含羞草亚科（Mimosoideae）并入苏木亚科。[2]



參考資料





  1. ^ BOTÂNICA SISTEMÁTICA 2ª Edição. Instituto Plantarum. [2011-12-12] （葡萄牙语）. [永久失效連結]


  2. ^ .mw-parser-output .smallcaps{font-variant:small-caps}.mw-parser-output .nocaps{text-transform:lowercase}
    Legume Phylogeny Working Group 2017. A new subfamily classification of the Leguminosae based on a taxonomically comprehensive phylogeny. Taxon 66(1): 44–77. doi:10.12705/661.3 Full text PDF




參看



  • 蝶形花亞科

  • 含羞草亞科



圖庫






  • 蘇木亞科植物花和果实的图绘







  • 一些蘇木亞科植物的花式圖






外部連結






维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源：蘇木亞科




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