順天巡撫




順天巡撫，又稱薊州巡撫、巡撫順天等府地方兼整飭薊州等處邊備，為明朝中后期到清朝初期的一個巡撫職位，其原由北直隸巡撫分出，轄區包括順天府、永平府[1][2]。



沿革




  • 成化八年，從北直隸巡撫分出。


  • 正德二年，罷。

  • 正德五年，恢復建制。


  • 嘉靖二十九年，因防範蒙古入侵，而分離出昌平巡撫、通州巡撫。

  • 嘉靖三十年，通州巡撫編制罷，通州歸還順天巡撫。

  • 嘉靖三十二年，昌平巡撫編制罷，昌平歸還順天巡撫。


  • 天啓元年，恢復通州巡撫，通州改屬。同年，天津巡撫恢復設置，原順天府的武清縣、寶坻縣，永平府的灤州、樂亭縣等別屬天津巡撫。

  • 天啓二年，通州巡撫罷，恢復通州歸屬。


  • 崇禎二年，因恢復設置通州巡撫，通州再改屬[3]。

  • 崇禎四年，分設山永巡撫，永平府別屬。

  • 崇禎九年，恢復昌平巡撫，昌平州別屬。

  • 崇禎十一年，分設置密雲巡撫，密雲別屬。

  • 崇禎十二年，通州巡撫、昌平巡撫罷，兩地歸還。

  • 崇禎十四年，因恢復昌平巡撫建制，昌平州別屬。

  • 崇禎十五年，因恢復通州巡撫建制，通州別屬。

  • 崇禎十六年，通州巡撫罷，通州歸還。

  • 清朝順治元年，宋權（1644年—1646年在任）、柳寅東（1646年—1647年在任）、耿焞（1647年—1648年在任）、楊國興（1648年—1652年在任）、王來用（1652年—1654年在任）、董天機（1654年—1658年在任）、祖重光（1658年—1661年在任）、韓世琦（1661年在任）擔任順天巡撫，順治十八年裁撤。



参考文献





  1. ^ 司徒琳（Lynn H. Struve）. 《南明史》. 由李荣庆翻译 . 上海书店出版社. 2007年1月. ISBN 9787806784457. 


  2. ^ 張治安. 《明代政治制度研究》. 經聯出版事業公司. ISBN 957-08-0135-2. 


  3. ^ 清·张廷玉等，《明史》（卷73）：“巡撫順天等府地方兼整飭薊州等處邊備一員。成化二年，始專設都禦史贊理軍務，巡撫順天、永平二府，尋兼撫河間、真定、保定，凡五府。七年，兼理八府。八年，以畿輔地廣，從居庸關中分，設二巡撫，其東為巡撫順天、永平二府，駐遵化。崇禎二年，又于永平分設巡撫兼提督山海軍務，其舊者止轄順天。”

















































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