Swat District






District in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan



























































Swat
سوات‬
District

The Swat River flows through the Swat District
The Swat River flows through the Swat District


Nickname(s): Switzerland of the East[1]

* – Swat * – Pakhtukhwa * – other provinces of Pakistan



  • – Swat


  • – Pakhtukhwa


  • – other provinces of Pakistan



Coordinates: 35°12′N 72°29′E / 35.200°N 72.483°E / 35.200; 72.483Coordinates: 35°12′N 72°29′E / 35.200°N 72.483°E / 35.200; 72.483
Country
Pakistan Pakistan
Province
 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Capital Saidu Sharif
Largest city
Mingora
Area
 • District
 5,337 km2 (2,061 sq mi)
Population (2017)[2]
 • District
 2,309,570
 • Density 430/km2 (1,100/sq mi)
 • Urban
 695,900
 • Rural
 1,613,670
Time zone
UTC+5 (PKT)
Area code(s) Area code 0946
Languages (1981) 90.28% Pashto
8.67% Kohistani[3]

Swāt (Pashto, Urdu: سوات‬ pronounced [ˈswaːt̪])[1] is a valley and an administrative district in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Swat is renowned for its outstanding natural beauty.


Centred upon the upper portions of the Swat River, Swat was a major centre of early Buddhist thought as part of the Gandhara kingdom, and today is littered with ruins from that era. Swat was home to the last isolated pockets of Gandharan Buddhism, which lasted until the 11th century, well after most of the area had converted to Islam.[4] Until 1969, Swat was part of the Yusafzai State of Swat, a self-governing princely state. The region was seized by the Pakistani Taliban in late 2007,[5] and its tourist industry decimated until Pakistani control over Swat was re-established in mid 2009.[6]


Swat's capital is Saidu Sharif, though the largest city, and main commercial centre, is the nearby city of Mingora.[7] With a population of 2,309,570 according to the 2017 census, Swat is the third-largest district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The region is inhabited largely by Pashtun people, except in the valley's uppermost reaches, where the Kohistani people dominate.[4]


Swat's average elevation is 980 m (3,220 ft),[4] resulting in a considerably cooler and wetter climate compared to most of Pakistan. With lush forests, verdant alpine meadows, and snow-capped mountains, Swat is one of the country's most popular tourist destinations.[8][9]




Contents






  • 1 Etymology


  • 2 History


    • 2.1 Buddhist heritage


    • 2.2 Hindu Shahi


    • 2.3 Advent of Islam by Mahmud of Ghazni


    • 2.4 Arrival of Yousafzais


    • 2.5 Taliban destruction of Buddhist relics




  • 3 Geography


    • 3.1 Mountainous ranges


    • 3.2 Plains




  • 4 Economy


    • 4.1 Agriculture




  • 5 Demographics


  • 6 Tribes


  • 7 Administrative divisions


    • 7.1 Politics




  • 8 Tourist attractions


    • 8.1 Marghazar


    • 8.2 Fizagat Park


    • 8.3 Malam Jabba




  • 9 Notable people


  • 10 See also


  • 11 External links


  • 12 References


  • 13 Bibliography





Etymology




Geography of the Rigveda; the extent of the Swat and Cemetery H cultures are indicated.


The name "Swat" is of Sanskrit origin. One theory derives it from "Suvastu", the ancient name of the Swat River (Suastus in Greek literature);[10] "Suvastu" literally means "clear azure water", and is attested in the earliest Sanskrit text, the Rigveda.[11] Another theory derives the word Swat from the Sanskrit word "Shveta" (white), also used to describe the clear water of the Swat River.[10]



History





Mingora is the largest city in Swat.


In 327 BC, Alexander the Great fought his way to Odigram and Barikot and stormed their battlements.
In Greek accounts these towns have been identified as Ora and Bazira. Around the 2nd century BC, the area was occupied by Buddhists, who were attracted by the peace and serenity of the land. There are many remains that testify to their skills as sculptors and architects. Later some Dilazak entered the area along with Sultans from Kunar and their tribe was styled as Swatis. The originator of the present family of Swat was the Muslim saint Akhund Abdul Gaffur, more commonly known as Saidu Baba. He was a pious man and the people respected him so greatly that they called him Akhund Sahib.[12][better source needed]



Buddhist heritage




An 1869 photo of a Buddha statue seated on a lotus throne in Swat Valley.


Historically known as Uddiyana, Tantric Buddhism flourished under King Indrabhuti, however, there is an old and well-known scholarly dispute as to whether Uddiyana was in the Swat valley, Orissa or some other place. Padmasambhava (flourished eighth century AD), also called Guru Rimpoche, Tibetan Slob-upon (teacher), or Padma 'Byung-gas (lotus born), semi-legendary Indian Buddhist mystic who introduced Tantric Buddhism to Tibet was, according to tradition, native from Uddiyana.[13] He is revered as the second Buddha in Tibet.
Padmasambhava is said to be the son of Indrabhuti, king of Swat in the early eighth century AD and one of the original Siddhas. Indrabhuti's sister, Lakshminkaradevi, is also said being an accomplished Siddha of the 9th century AD.[14]


Ancient Gandhara, the valley of Pekhawar, with the adjacent hilly regions of Swat and Buner, Dir and Bajaur was one of the earliest centers of Buddhist religion and culture following the reign of the Mauryan emperor Ashoka, in the third century BC. The name Gandhara first occurs in the Rigveda which is usually identified with the region[15][page needed]




Buddhism heritage site in Swat Valley


The Gandhara school is credited with the first representations of the Buddha in human form, rather symbolically as the wheel of the law, the tree, etc.




Amlukdara stupa



Hindu Shahi


Swat was ruled by the Hindu Shahi dynasty, who built an extensive array of temples and other architectural buildings, now in ruins. Sanskrit may have been the lingua franca of the locals.[16]


Hindu Shahi rulers built fortresses to guard and tax the commerce through this area. Their ruins can be seen in the hills of Swat: at Malakand pass at Swat's southern entrance.[17]



Advent of Islam by Mahmud of Ghazni


At the end of the Mauryan period (324–185 BC) Buddhism spread in the whole Swat valley, which became a very famous center of Buddhist religion.[18]


After a Buddhist phase the Hindu religion reasserted itself, so that at the time of the Muslim conquest (1000 AD) the population was solidly Hindu.[18]




Main Building of Saidu Sharif Hospital


In 1023, Mahmud of Ghazni attacked Swat and crushed the last Buddhist King, Raja Gira in battle. The invasion of Mahmud of Ghazni is of special importance because of the introduction of Islam as well as changing the Chronology.[19]



Arrival of Yousafzais


The first Muslim arrivals in Swat were Pakhtun Dilazak tribes from south-east Afghanistan. These were later ousted by Swati Pakhtuns, who was succeeded in the sixteenth century by Yusufzai Pakhtuns. Both groups of Pakhtuns came from the Kandahar and Kabul valley.[18]



Taliban destruction of Buddhist relics


Swat Valley, located in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, has many Buddhist carvings, statues, and stupas. The town of Jehanabad contains a Seated Buddha statue.[20] Kushan era Buddhist stupas and statues in Swat valley were demolished by the Taliban, and after two attempts by the Taliban,[21] the Jehanabad Buddha's face was dynamited.[22][23][24] Only the Bamiyan Buddhas in Afghanistan, which the Taliban also demolished, were larger than the Buddha statue in Swat.[25] The government did nothing to safeguard the statue after the initial attempt at destroying the Buddha, which did not cause permanent harm; when the second attack took place on the statue, the feet, shoulders, and face were demolished.[26] Islamists (particularly the Taliban) and looters destroyed many of Pakistan's Buddhist artifacts, which dated to the Buddhist Gandhara civilization.[27] The Taliban deliberately targeted Gandhara Buddhist relics for destruction.[28] Gandhara artifacts were thereafter plundered by thieves and smugglers.[29] In 2009, the Archbishop of the Roman Catholic Diocsece of Lahore, Lawrence John Saldanha, wrote a letter to Pakistan's government denouncing the Taliban activities in Swat Valley, including their destruction of Buddha statues, and their attacks on Christians, Sikhs, and Hindus.[30] A group of Italians helped repair the Buddha.[31]



Geography




The Kalam region of upper Swat





Jarogo Waterfall, in Matta Tehsil, Swat Valley




Swat is known for its mountainous scenery.


Swat is surrounded by Chitral, Upper Dir and Lower Dir in the West, Gilgit-Baltistan in North Kohistan, Buner and Shangla in the East and South East. The southern tehsil of Buner was granted the status of a separate district in 1991.[32] The valley of Swat is situated in the north of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and is enclosed by sky-high mountains.


Physical Features:
Swat can be divided into two physical regions:



  1. Mountainous Ranges.

  2. Plains.



Mountainous ranges





Utror is a secondary valley in Swat.


As mentioned above, Swat lies in the lap of mountainous ranges, which are the offshoots of Hindukush, so the larger part of Swat is covered with high mountains and hills, the crests of which are hidden by everlasting snow. Though these gigantic ranges run irregularly: some to the west while the others to the east, but the general direction is North-South.



Plains


The length of the valley from Landakay to Gabral is 91 miles. Two narrow strips of plains run along the banks of Swat River from Landakay to Madyan. Beyond Madyan in Kohistan-e-Swat, the plain is too little to be mentioned. So far as the width concerns, it is not similar, it varies from place to place. We can say that the average width is 5 miles. The widest portion of the valley is between Barikot and khwaza khela. The widest viewpoint and the charming sight where a major portion of the valley is seen is at Gulibagh on the main road, which leads to Madyan.



Economy


Approximately 38% of economy of Swat depends on Tourism and 31% depends on Agriculture.[33]



Agriculture


Gwalerai village located near Mingora is one of those few villages which produces 18 varieties of apples due to its temperate climate in summer. The apple produced here is consumed in Pakistan as well as exported to other countries. It is known as ‘the apple of Swat’.[34]
Swat is famous for peach production mostly grown in the valley bottom plains and accounts for about 80% of the peach production of the country. Mostly marketed in the national markets with a brand name of "Swat Peaches". The supply starts from April and continues till September because of a diverse range of varieties grown.



Demographics


The population of Swat District is 2,309,570 as per the 2017 census, making it the third-largest district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa after Peshawar District and Mardan District. Swat is populated mostly by ethnic Pashtuns and Gujjar and Kohistani communities. The language spoken in the valley is Pashto, with a minority of Torwali and Kalami Kohistani speakers in the Swat Kohistan region of Upper Swat.


According to 1981 census, Pashto is main language and spoken by 90.28% of population while Kohistani is spoken by 8.67%.[3]Kalami, Torwali and Urdu are also spoken by a fraction of population.













First Languages of Swat district in 1981



  Pashto (90.28%)


  Kohistani (8.67%)


  Others (1.05%)




Tribes


Pashtuns of the Yusufzai,[35]


Alongside the Gurjar Bakarwal people.



Administrative divisions


The District of Swat is subdivided into 7 Tehsils[36] i.e.



  1. Tehsil Babuzai

  2. Tehsil Matta

  3. Tehsil Khwaza Khela

  4. Tehsil Barikot

  5. Tehsil Kabal

  6. Tehsil Charbagh

  7. Tehsil Bahrain


Each Tehsil comprises certain numbers of Union councils. There are 65 Union councils in District Swat: 56 rural and 9 urban.


According to Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Local Government Act 2013.[37] There were new system introduced called as Local Governments which have District Swat has 67 Wards, of which total amount of Village Councils is 170, and Neighbourhood Councils is 44.[38]



Politics


The region elects three male members of the National Assembly of Pakistan (MNAs), one female MNA, seven male members of the Provincial Assembly of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (MPAs)[39] and two female MPAS. In the 2002 National and Provincial elections, the Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal, an alliance of religious political parties, won all the seats.



Tourist attractions







Marghazar




Sufid Mahal Marghazar Swat valley


Marghazar 16  km away from Saidu Sharif is famous for its Sufed Mahal the white marble palace built by the first Wali (ruler) of Swat. It used to be the ruler's summer residence. Elizabeth II (Queen of England) and Prince Philip (Duke of Edinburgh) were also hosted there in 1961.[40] Elizabeth II described it as "the Switzerland of the East" during the visit.[41] The marble used to build White Palace was the same marble which was used to build Taj Mahal. It was turned into a hotel.[1]



Fizagat Park




Tube boats in Fiza Gat proximity


Fizagat Park is a recreation arena for the tourists and the locals situated at 1 kilometre from Mingora city. Situated along the bank of the River Swat, tourists enjoy the bath and pleasant climate in summer.[42]



Malam Jabba




Ski Slope in Malam Jabba, Swat Valley


Malam Jabba (also Maalam Jabba, Urdu: مالم جبہ) is a Hill Station in the lower Swat mountain ranges nearly 42  km from Saidu Sharif in Swat Valley, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. It is 314 km from Islamabad and 51 km from Saidu Sharif Airport. Malam Jabba is home to the largest ski resort in Pakistan. On the main Madyan-Kalam road, the road turns to the right at Manglor town (12 km from Saidu Sharif), for the Malam-Jabba Dara which has a series of small villages and settlements like Salanda, Jehanabad, Talegraam, Badar, Ser, Malam, Kishora, Spine Oba, and finally Jabba. Malam is a small village which comes prior to Kishora village on the main Malam-Jabba road. Malam is nearly 17  km from Manglor while Kishora is at 18  km distance. Jabba (12  km from Kishore) is the uppermost part of the whole Dara (gorge). The Malam Jabba ski resort, owned by the Pakistan Tourism Development Corporation, had a ski slope of about 800m with the highest point of the slope 2804 m (9200  ft) above sea level. Malam Jabba Ski Resort was the joint effort of the Pakistan government with its Austrian counterpart. The resort was equipped with modern facilities including roller/ice-skating rinks, chair lifts, skiing platforms, telephones and snow clearing equipment.
Unfortunately, the resort was destroyed by the Taliban when they were in hold in Swat valley. Now that writ of the government has been reinstated and peace established, tourism has picked up. The government of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa(KPK) has awarded the tender for rebuilding the Malam Jabba skiing resort to a private company. Work is going on in full swing and is slated for a 2017 completion date. Skiing has already been restored and a skiing festival was held in Jan 2015.[43]



Notable people



  • Wāli of Swat

  • Malala Yousafzai


  • Justice Nasir ul mulk

  • Afzal Khan Lala

  • Malak Jamroz Khan

  • Shaheen Sardar Ali

  • Sherin Zada

  • Rahim Khan

  • Anwar Ali

  • Mubarika Yusufzai

  • Badar Munir

  • Rahim Shah

  • Nazia Iqbal

  • Ghazala Javed

  • Murad Saeed



See also




  • Akhund of Swat

  • Lower Swat Valley

  • Oḍḍiyāna

  • Swat (princely state)

  • Lower Dir District

  • Upper Dir District

  • Chitral District

  • Buner District

  • Kaghan Valley

  • Kohistan District

  • 1974 Hunza earthquake

  • Operation Black Thunderstorm

  • Operation Rah-e-Rast

  • 2009 refugee crisis in Pakistan

  • Pushtu People




External links











  • SwatValley PK Portal #SwatvalleyPK

  • Tour Packages for Swat Valley

  • Swat Valley - 5 Day Tour

  • 6 Days trip for Swat Valley

  • Uddiyana Until the Eighth Century: A Short Historical Overview -The Dharma Fellowship of his holiness Gyalwa Karmapa

  • Pictures of Swat



References





  1. ^ abc Malala Yousafzai 2013.


  2. ^ "DISTRICT AND TEHSIL LEVEL POPULATION SUMMARY WITH REGION BREAKUP: KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA" (PDF). Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. 2018-01-03. Retrieved 2018-04-23..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  3. ^ ab Stephen P. Cohen (2004). The Idea of Pakistan. Brookings Institution Press. p. 202. ISBN 0815797613.


  4. ^ abc Mohiuddin, Yasmeen Niaz (2007). Pakistan: A Global Studies Handbook. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9781851098019.


  5. ^ Abbas, Hassan (2014-06-24). The Taliban Revival: Violence and Extremism on the Pakistan-Afghanistan Frontier. Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300178845.


  6. ^ Craig, Tim (2015-05-09). "The Taliban once ruled Pakistan's Swat Valley. Now peace has returned". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 2018-02-11.


  7. ^ "Pakistan troops seize radical cleric's base": officials Archived 2 December 2007 at the Wayback Machine., Agence France Presse article, 28 November 2007, accessed same day


  8. ^ Khaliq, Fazal (2018-01-17). "Tourists throng Swat to explore its natural beauty". DAWN.COM. Retrieved 2018-02-10.


  9. ^ "The revival of tourism in Pakistan - Daily Times". Daily Times. 2018-02-09. Retrieved 2018-02-12.


  10. ^ ab Sultan-i-Rome (2008). Swat State (1915-1969) from Genesis to Merger: An Analysis of Political, Administrative, Socio-political, and Economic Development. Oxford University Press. p. 13. ISBN 978-0-19-547113-7.


  11. ^ Susan Whitfield (2018). Silk, Slaves, and Stupas: Material Culture of the Silk Road. University of California Press. p. 136. ISBN 978-0-520-95766-4.


  12. ^ S.G. Page 398 and 399, T and C of N.W.F.P by Ibbetson page 11 etc


  13. ^ "Students' Britannica India". Retrieved 27 January 2016.


  14. ^ Buddhist Art & Antiquities of Himachal Pradesh: Up to 8th Century A.D., by Omacanda Hāṇḍā Edition: illustrated Published by Indus Publishing, 1994 Page 89


  15. ^ Architecture and Art Treasures in Pakistan By F. A. Khan, published by Elite Publishers, 1969


  16. ^ Sorrow and Joy Among Muslim Women The Pushtuns of Northern Pakistan By Amineh Ahmed Published by Cambridge University Press, 2006 Page 21.


  17. ^ Swat: An Afghan Society in Pakistan: Urbanisation and Change in Tribal Environment By Inam-ur-Rahim, Alain M. Viaro Published by City Press, 2002 Page 59


  18. ^ abc Fredrik Barth, Features of Person and Society in Swat: Collected Essays on Pathans, illustrated edition, Routledge, 1981, page 20


  19. ^ Proceedings of the Second International Hindukush Cultural Conference By Elena Bashir, Israr-ud-Din Contributor Elena Bashir, Israr-ud-Din Published by Oxford University Press, 1990, Page 50


  20. ^ Jeffrey Hays. "EARLY HISTORY OF BUDDHISM". Retrieved 27 January 2016.


  21. ^ "Taliban defeated by the quiet strength of Pakistan's Buddha".


  22. ^ Malala Yousafzai (8 October 2013). I Am Malala: The Girl Who Stood Up for Education and Was Shot by the Taliban. Little, Brown. pp. 123–124. ISBN 978-0-316-32241-6.


  23. ^ Wijewardena, W.A. (17 February 2014). "'I am Malala': But then, we all are Malalas, aren't we?". Daily FT.


  24. ^ Wijewardena, W.A (17 February 2014). "'I am Malala': But Then, We All Are Malalas, Aren't We?". Colombo Telegraph.


  25. ^ "Attack on giant Pakistan Buddha". BBC NEWS. 12 September 2007.


  26. ^ "Another attack on the giant Buddha of Swat". AsiaNews.it. 10 November 2007.


  27. ^ "Taliban and traffickers destroying Pakistan's Buddhist heritage". AsiaNews.it. 22 October 2012.


  28. ^ "Taliban trying to destroy Buddhist art from the Gandhara period". AsiaNews.it. 27 November 2009.


  29. ^ Rizvi, Jaffer (6 July 2012). "Pakistan police foil huge artefact smuggling attempt". BBC News.


  30. ^ Felix, Qaiser (21 April 2009). "Archbishop of Lahore: Sharia in the Swat Valley is contrary to Pakistan's founding principles". AsiaNews.it.


  31. ^ Khaliq, Fazal (7 November 2016). "Iconic Buddha in Swat valley restored after nine years when Taliban defaced it". DAWN.


  32. ^ 1998 District Census report of Buner. Census publication. 98. Islamabad: Population Census Organization, Statistics Division, Government of Pakistan. 2000. p. 1.


  33. ^ Chief Editor. "Swat Economy". kpktribune.com. Retrieved 17 February 2016.CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list (link)


  34. ^ Amjad Ali Sahaab. "Gwalerai — The little village behind Swat's famous apples". dawn.com. Retrieved 17 February 2016.


  35. ^ Claus, Peter J.; Diamond, Sarah; Ann Mills, Margaret (2003). South Asian Folklore: An Encyclopedia : Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka. Taylor & Francis. p. 447. ISBN 9780415939195.


  36. ^ http://lgkp.gov.pk/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/Village-Neighbourhood-Councils-Detatails-Annex-D.pdf


  37. ^ http://lgkp.gov.pk/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/Local-Government-Elections-Rules-2013.pdf


  38. ^ "Village/Neighbourhood Council". Retrieved 27 January 2016.


  39. ^ "Constituencies and MPAs – Website of the Provincial Assembly of the N-W.F.P". Archived from the original on 28 December 2007.


  40. ^ "Queen Elizabeth II in Swat (1961)". The Friday Times. 4 April 2014. Retrieved 23 November 2017.


  41. ^ Queen Elizabeth II in Swat (1961). The Friday Times. Retrieved 1 June 2014.


  42. ^ Report, Dawn. "Roads clogged as hill stations attract crowds on Eid". www.dawn.com. Retrieved 21 July 2015.


  43. ^ "Rising from the ashes: Skiing returns to Malam Jabba amid uphill challenges". The Express Tribune. 7 January 2015. Retrieved 27 January 2016.




Bibliography


.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{list-style-type:none;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>dl>dd{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}


  • Malala Yousafzai (8 October 2013), I Am Malala: The Girl Who Stood Up for Education and Was Shot by the Taliban, Little, Brown, ISBN 9780316322416










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章鱼与海女图

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本条目 可参照英語維基百科相應條目来扩充 。 （2014/5/25） 若您熟悉来源语言和主题，请协助参考外语维基扩充条目。请勿直接提交机械翻译，也不要翻译不可靠、低品质内容。依版权协议，译文需在编辑摘要注明来源，或于讨论页顶部标记 {{Translated page}} 标签。 本条目 需要擴充。 （2013年8月15日） 请協助改善这篇條目，更進一步的信息可能會在討論頁或扩充请求中找到。请在擴充條目後將此模板移除。 《 章鱼与海女 》（日语： 蛸と海女 ／ たことあま   Tako to ama ）是一幅由日本畫家葛饰北斋创作的浮世绘，出自1814年（文化4年）出版的艳本《喜能会之故真通》（日语： 喜能会之故真通 ／ きのえのこまつ   Kinoe no Komatsu ）。畫中有兩隻章鱼以觸手攻擊一名採珠的海女，並進行擬似戀獸癖的交媾行為。作品尺寸为6½" × 8¾" （16.51 cm × 22.23 cm）。 [1] 在此之前的类似作品还有北尾重政的艳本《謡曲色番組》及勝川春潮的艳本《艳本千夜多女志》等，有被北斋作为参考的可能性。 《章鱼与海女图》有不同英文翻译，一般称The Dream of the Fisherman's Wife，又作Girl Diver and Octopi、Diver and Two Octopi，Richard Douglas Lane称其为 Girl Diver and Octopi [2] ，Mathi Forrer 称其为 Pearl Diver and Two Octopi [3] ，Danielle Talerico 称其为 Diver and Two Octopi 。 [4] 目录 1 作品介绍 1.1 画中对话 1.2 解释 2 评价 3 影响 3.1 模仿作品 4 另见 5 参考来源 6 外部連結 作品介绍 画中对话 原文 译文 大蛸： いつぞハいつぞハとねらいすましてゐたかいがあつて、けふといふけふ、とうとうとらまへたア。てもむつくりとしたいいぼぼだ。いもよりハなをこうぶつだ。サアサア、すつてすつてすいつくして...
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