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Villefranche-de-Rouergue
 | This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in French. (December 2008) Click [show] for important translation instructions.
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Villefranche-de-Rouergue | ||
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Subprefecture and commune | ||
 An aerial view of Villefranche-de-Rouergue | ||
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Location of Villefranche-de-Rouergue | ||
  Villefranche-de-Rouergue Show map of France  Villefranche-de-Rouergue Show map of Occitanie | ||
| Coordinates: 44°21′12″N 2°02′06″E / 44.3533°N 2.035°E / 44.3533; 2.035Coordinates: 44°21′12″N 2°02′06″E / 44.3533°N 2.035°E / 44.3533; 2.035 | ||
| Country | France | |
| Region | Occitanie | |
| Department | Aveyron | |
| Arrondissement | Villefranche-de-Rouergue | |
| Canton | Villefranche-de-Rouergue | |
| Intercommunality | Villefranchois | |
| Government | ||
| • Mayor .mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal} (2008–2014) | Serge Roques | |
| Area 1 | 45.85 km2 (17.70 sq mi) | |
| Population (2008)2 | 11,926 | |
| • Density | 260/km2 (670/sq mi) | |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) | |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) | |
INSEE/Postal code | 12300 /12200 | |
| Elevation | 237–544 m (778–1,785 ft) (avg. 290 m or 950 ft) | |
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. 2Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once. | ||
Villefranche-de-Rouergue (French: [vil.fʁɑ̃ʃ də ʁwɛʁɡ] ; Vilafranca de Roergue in Occitan) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.
Marketplace on Place Notre-Dame.
Contents
1 History
2 Buildings
3 International relations
3.1 Twin towns — Sister cities
4 Population
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
History
At the end of the Albigensian Crusade from the northern "barons" against the southern Occitania on a religious pretext (fighting the Cathar heresy), the Count of Toulouse was defeated and concluded the treaty of Paris in 1229. With this, the Count gave the Rouergue county to his daughter. She married Alphonse de Poitiers, brother of Saint Louis, King of France. Alphonse founded Villefranche on the place of an old village called La Peyrade in 1252.
In 1348 it was so flourishing that sumptuary laws were passed. Soon afterwards the town fell into the hands of Edward the Black Prince, but was the first place in Guyenne to rise against the English. New privileges were granted to the town by Charles V, but these were taken away by Louis XI.
In 1588 the inhabitants repulsed the forces of the Hanseatic League, and afterwards murdered a governor sent by Henry IV. The town was ravaged by plague in 1463, 1558 and 1628, and in 1643 a revolt was cruelly repressed.[1]
During World War II, while occupied by Nazi Germany, Villefranche received a large 13th Waffen SS Handschar (1st Croatian) division. Led by Ferid Džanić, Eduard Matutinović, Božo Jelinek and Nikola Vukelić, one battalion staged a rebellion against the Nazis on 17 September 1943, (Villefranche-de-Rouergue uprising) but were soon suppressed and mostly executed on site. The few that escaped inspired the French resistance in Aveyron that had not been formed until then. After the war, an avenue in Villefranche was named Avenue des Croates (Avenue of the Croats) in honor of the uprising.
Buildings
One of the principal thoroughfares passes beneath the porch of Notre-Dame, the principal church of Villefranche. Notre-Dame was built from 1260 to 1581, the massive tower which surmounts its porch being of late Gothic architecture. The woodwork in the choir dates from the 15th century.[1]
A Carthusian monastery overlooking the town from the left bank of the Aveyron derives much mterest from the completeness and fine preservation of its buildings, which date from the 15th century. They include a refectory and two cloisters, the smaller of which is a masterpiece of the late Gothic style.[1]
International relations
Twin towns — Sister cities
Villefranche-de-Rouergue is twinned with:
Sarzana, Italy
Pula, Croatia[2]
Population
| Historical population | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1793 | 8,497 | — |
| 1800 | 9,331 | +9.8% |
| 1806 | 9,283 | −0.5% |
| 1821 | 8,803 | −5.2% |
| 1831 | 9,540 | +8.4% |
| 1836 | 8,736 | −8.4% |
| 1841 | 9,088 | +4.0% |
| 1846 | 9,705 | +6.8% |
| 1851 | 9,613 | −0.9% |
| 1856 | 10,826 | +12.6% |
| 1861 | 10,172 | −6.0% |
| 1866 | 9,719 | −4.5% |
| 1872 | 9,312 | −4.2% |
| 1876 | 10,124 | +8.7% |
| 1881 | 10,366 | +2.4% |
| 1886 | 9,836 | −5.1% |
| 1891 | 9,734 | −1.0% |
| 1896 | 8,426 | −13.4% |
| 1901 | 9,730 | +15.5% |
| 1906 | 8,352 | −14.2% |
| 1911 | 8,439 | +1.0% |
| 1921 | 7,423 | −12.0% |
| 1926 | 7,825 | +5.4% |
| 1931 | 7,908 | +1.1% |
| 1936 | 8,479 | +7.2% |
| 1946 | 9,257 | +9.2% |
| 1954 | 8,676 | −6.3% |
| 1962 | 9,540 | +10.0% |
| 1968 | 10,709 | +12.3% |
| 1975 | 12,284 | +14.7% |
| 1982 | 12,693 | +3.3% |
| 1990 | 12,291 | −3.2% |
| 1999 | 11,919 | −3.0% |
| 2008 | 11,926 | +0.1% |
See also
- Villefranche XIII Aveyron
- Émilie de Rodat
Armand-François Chateauvieux, dramatist and playwright born in Villefranche-de-Rouergue (1770)- Communes of the Aveyron department
References
- INSEE
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^ "Međunarodna suradnja Grada Pule". Grad Pula (in Croatian and Italian). Archived from the original on 2012-05-05. Retrieved 2013-07-28.
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External links
 | Wikimedia Commons has media related to Villefranche-de-Rouergue. |
(in French) Villefranche-de-Rouergue official website
Tourist office website (in French)- Pictures of Villefranche-de-Rouergue in "Paysages d'Aveyron"
- Walking in the streets of Villefranche Part I/Part II/Part III
Communes of the Aveyron department  | |
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 | This Aveyron geographical article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
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