Mixing
Sister
Biological sisters who share many genetic facial features
A sister is a female sibling. Although the term typically refers to the consanguineal relationship, it is sometimes used endearingly to refer to non-consanguineal relationships.[1]
Contents
1 Overview
2 Sororal relationships
3 Famous sisters
4 Fictional works about sisters
4.1 Films
4.2 Literature
4.3 Television
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
Overview
Two child sisters, circa 1911.
Three sisters, circa 1902.
The English word sister comes from Old Norse systir which itself derives from Proto-Germanic *swestēr, both of which have the same meaning, i.e. sister. Some studies have found that sisters display more traits indicating jealousy around their siblings than their male counterparts, brothers.[2] In some cultures, sisters are afforded a role of being under the protection by male siblings, especially older brothers from issues ranging from bullies or sexual advances by womanizers.[3] In some quarters the term sister has gradually broadened its colloquial meaning to include individuals stipulating kinship.[4] In response, in order to avoid equivocation, some publishers prefer the usage of female sibling over sister.[5] Males with a twin sister, sometimes view her as their female alter ego, or what they would have been like, if they had two X chromosomes.[6]
Sororal relationships
Various studies have shown that an older sister is likely to give a varied gender role to their younger siblings as well as being more likely to develop a close bond with their younger siblings.[7] Older sisters are more likely to play with their younger siblings.[8] Younger siblings display a more needy behavior when in close proximity to their older sister[9] and are more likely to be tolerant of an older sister's bad behavior.[10] Boys with only an older sister are more likely to display stereotypically male behavior, and such masculine boys increased their masculine behavior with the more sisters they have.[11] The reverse is true for young boys with several sisters, as they tend to be feminine, however, they outgrow this by the time they approach pubescence.[12] Boys with older sisters were less likely to be delinquent or have emotional and behavioral disorders.[13] A younger sister is less likely to be scolded by older siblings than a younger brother.[14] The most common recreational activity between older brother/younger sister pairs is art drawing.[7] Some studies also found a correlation between having an older sister and constructive discussions about safe sexual practices.[15] Some studies have shown that men without sisters are more likely to be ineffectual at courtship and romantic relationships.[16]
Famous sisters
Awan and Azura, daughters of Adam and Eve
Mary I of England and Elizabeth I of England, royalty
Caroline, Princess of Hanover and Princess Stéphanie of Monaco
Tamar Braxton, Toni Braxton, Towanda Braxton, Traci Braxton, and Trina Braxton, known as The Braxtons
Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy Onassis and Lee Radziwill
Mary and Eliza Chulkhurst, conjoined twins are known as the Biddenden Maids
Jackie Collins, author and Joan Collins, actress
Annie Elizabeth Delany and Sarah Louise Delany, the subjects of Having Our Say (1993)
Hilary Duff, actress, and Haylie Duff, singer
Eva Gabor, Magda Gabor, and Zsa Zsa Gabor, actresses and singers
Melissa Gilbert and Sara Gilbert, actresses
Ilona and Judit Gófitz, conjoined twins
Mariel Hemingway and Margaux Hemingway
Paris Hilton and Nicky Hilton, socialites
Maureen "Rebbie" Jackson, La Toya Jackson, and Janet Jackson, members of the Jackson family
Khloe Kardashian, Kim Kardashian, Kourtney Mary Kardashian, reality TV stars
Rose Marie "Rosemary" Kennedy, Kathleen Agnes "Kick" Kennedy Cavendish, Eunice Mary Kennedy Shriver, Patricia Helen "Pat" Kennedy Lawford, and Jean Ann Kennedy Smith, members of the Kennedy family
Beyoncé and Solange Knowles
Caroline Manzo and Dina Manzo, reality TV stars who married brothers Albert and Tommy Manzo
Millie and Christine McCoy, conjoined twins
Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna of Russia, Grand Duchess Tatiana Nikolaevna of Russia, Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia and Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna of Russia, also known by the acronym OTMA, daughters of the last autocratic ruler of the Russian Empire
Ashley Olsen and Mary-Kate Olsen, also known as "The Olsen Twins", twin actresses and fashion designers- Anita Pointer, Bonnie Pointer, Issa Pointer, June Pointer, Ruth Pointer, and Sadako Pointer, at various times members of the singing group known as The Pointer Sisters
Kim Richards and Kyle Richards, actresses and reality TV stars
Angelica Schuyler Church, Elizabeth Schuyler Hamilton, and Peggy Schuyler
Jessica Simpson and Ashlee Simpson, singer-songwriters
Britney Spears, singer, and Jamie Lynn Spears, actress- Johanna, Martina, Maria, Hedwig, Agathe, Rosemarie, and Eleonore ("Lorli") Von Trapp, daughters of Georg von Trapp
Venus Williams and Serena Williams, tennis players known as Williams sisters
Priscilla "CeCe" Winans, Angelique Winans-Caldwell, Debra Renee Winans-Lowe, members of Winans family of singers and musicians
Fictional works about sisters
Two Sisters by William-Adolphe Bouguereau
Films
What Ever Happened to Baby Jane? (1962 film)
Hannah and Her Sisters (1986), film
Hanging Up (2000), film
Sisters (2015), comedy film
Literature
Laura Lee Hope's Bobbsey Twins novels, which included two sets of fraternal twins: 12-year-old Nan and Bert, and six-year-old Flossie and Freddie
In Her Shoes (2002), novel
Television
Hope & Faith, American sitcom- Sisters (TV series)
What I Like About You, TV series
See also
- Brother
- Sisterhood (disambiguation)
References
^ Mufwene, Salikoko S. "The pragmatics of kinship terms in Kituba." (1988): 441-454.
^ Volling, B. L.; McElwain, N.L.; Miller, A.L. (2002). "Emotion Regulation in Context: The Jealousy Complex between Young Siblings and its Relations with Child and Family Characteristics". Child Development 73 (2): 581–600.
^ Handbook of Cultural Psychiatry - Page 67, Wen-Shing Tseng - 2001
^ van der Burghe, Pierre (1987). The Ethnic Phenomenon. p. 27..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
^ Olshewsky, Thomas (1969). Problems in the philosophy of language. p. 286.
^ McCallum, Robyn. "Other Selves: subjectivity and the doppelganger in Australian adolescent fiction. Example of the sister in a sentence "The sisters live in the convent at Lafayette Towers." Writing the Australian child: Texts and contexts in fictions for children (1996): 17-36.
^ ab Gender - Page 53, Leanne Franklin - 2012
^ Play from Birth to Twelve: Contexts, Perspectives, and Meanings, Doris Bergen 2015
^ Sisters and Brothers - Page 78, Judy Dunn - 1985
^ The Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Volume 4, Charles B. Nemeroff, 2002 p 1524
^ Gender Development - Page 300, Lynn S. Liben - 2009
^ Gender Development, Sheri A. Berenbaum, 2013
^ Advances in Child Development and Behavior, Volume 26, p 161, 1996
^ He & she: how children develop their sex role identity, Wendy Schempp Matthews - 1979 p 162
^ Handbook of Adolescent Psychology, Contextual Influences on Adolescent Development, Laurence Steinberg, PhD - 2009 p 61
^ Leventhal, Gerald S. "Influence of brothers and sisters on sex-role behavior." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 16.3 (1970): 452.
External links
The dictionary definition of sister at Wiktionary
The dictionary definition of sister at Wiktionary
Comments
Post a Comment