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Kėdainiai
Kėdainiai | ||
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City | ||
 Kėdainiai old town | ||
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  Kėdainiai Location of Kėdainiai | ||
| Coordinates: 55°17′N 23°58′E / 55.283°N 23.967°E / 55.283; 23.967Coordinates: 55°17′N 23°58′E / 55.283°N 23.967°E / 55.283; 23.967 | ||
| Country |  Lithuania |
|
| Ethnographic region | Aukštaitija | |
| County |  Kaunas County |
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| Municipality | Kėdainiai district municipality | |
| Eldership | Kėdainiai town eldership | |
| Capital of | Kėdainiai district municipality Kėdainiai town eldership |
|
| First mentioned | 1372 | |
| Granted city rights |
1590 | |
| Neighbourhoods | List
|
|
| Government | ||
| • Type | Municipal Council | |
| • Mayor | Saulius Grinkevičius | |
| Population (2017) | ||
| • Total | 24,093[1] |
|
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
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| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
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| Website | http://www.kedainiai.lt/ | |
Kėdainiai (Lithuanian: [kʲeːˈdâːɪnʲɛ] (
listen)), also known by several other names) is one of the oldest cities in Lithuania. It is located 51 km (32 mi) north of Kaunas on the banks of the Nevėžis River. First mentioned in the 1372 Livonian Chronicle of Hermann de Wartberge, its population as of 2017[update] was 24,093. Its old town dates to the 17th century.[2]
The city is the administrative centre of the Kėdainiai District Municipality. The geographical centre of the Lithuanian Republic is in the nearby village of Ruoščiai, located in the eldership of Dotnuva.
Contents
1 Names
2 History
2.1 World War II
2.2 Soviet period
2.3 Independent Lithuania
3 Transportation
4 Cultural activities
5 Education
6 Sport
7 Mayors of Kėdainiai
8 Famous citizens
9 International relations
9.1 Twin towns — Sister cities
10 Image gallery
11 See also
12 References
Names
The city has been known by other names: Kiejdany in Polish, Keidan (קיידאן) in Yiddish,[3] and Kedahnen in German. Kėdainiai other alternate forms include Kidan, Kaidan, Keidany, Keydan, Kiedamjzeÿ [4] ("j" /e/), Kuidany, and Kidainiai.[5]
History
The March of Swedes for Kėdainiai
The area was the site of several battles during "The Deluge", the 17th century war between the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and Sweden. In 1655 a short-lived treaty with Sweden, the Union of Kėdainiai, was signed by two members of Radziwiłł family in their Kėdainiai castle. While little remains of the Radziwiłł castle, the crypt of the Calvinist church (1631) houses the family mausoleum, including the tombs of Krzysztof Radziwiłł and his son Janusz.
Scottish Protestants arrived in the late 16th and 17th centuries, encouraged by the conversion of Anna Radziwill; the community exerted considerable influence in the city and persisted until the mid-19th century.[6]
A local custom called on all visitors to bring a stone to be used in the town's construction.[2]
World War II
During Operation Barbarossa, Kėdainiai was occupied by the German Army in the summer of 1941. On August 28, 1941, the entire Jewish community of Kėdainiai, a community which had been there for 500 years, were killed under the direction of German Special Police Battalions, with the aid of the local Lithuanian population. The Jewish population prior to the Holocaust was 3000.[7]
Soviet period
Kedainiai Chemical Plant Lifosa
During the Cold War it was home to Kėdainiai air base, a major Soviet military airlift facility.
For many years, Kėdainiai was known for its chemical and food processing industries. The Kėdainiai chemical plant, Lifosa began operations in January 1963. Publicized as a milestone in the industrialization of Lithuania, it emitted significant quantities of sulfuric acid and was the subject of ecological protests in the 1980s.[8][9]
Independent Lithuania
Following years of stagnation, old enterprises have come back to life, and new ones have been established, contributing to its status as an economic stronghold.[10]
Transportation
Kėdainiai is accessed by Via Baltica highway from Kaunas and Panevėžys, and by rail from Vilnius, Klaipėda and Šiauliai. It is also served by Kaunas International Airport, the second largest airport in Lithuania, located in Karmėlava site.
Cultural activities
Kėdainiai minaret
The Kėdainiai Regional Museum, established in 1922, now operates four branches: a Multicultural Centre, the Mausoleum of the Dukes Radziwill, the House of Juozas Paukštelis, and the Museum of Wooden Sculptures of V.Ulevičius.[11]
Since the city is known as the cucumber capital of Lithuania, it sponsors an annual cucumber festival.[10]
In 2013, The band Bastille shot a music video for their single "Things We Lost in the Fire" in the location. It was filmed by Naor Aloni.
A small Polish minority of 329 (0,61%)[12] people live in Kėdainiai district municipality, but only 30 people participate in Stowarzyszenie Polaków Kiejdan (The Kėdainiai Polish Association), the elder people; their cultural activities involve public celebrations of Polish Day of Independence and Day of the Constitution of Third of May, as well as organizing a festival of Polish culture. Since 1994 a School of Polish Language exists.[13][14]
Education
Jonušas Radvila College (Kėdainių Jonušo Radvilos studijų centras)- Kėdainiai Atžalynas gymnasium
Sport
Basketball club BC Nevėžis, which parcicipate in Lithuanian basketball league. Football club FK Nevėžis plays in second tier league I Lyga.
Mayors of Kėdainiai
| Portrait |
Mayor |
Term of Office |
Political Party |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took Office |
Left Office |
|||
Independent Lithuania | ||||
| Petras Baguška |
1990 |
1994 |
||
| Vigimantas Kisielius |
1995 |
1997 |
Homeland Union |
|
 |
Viktoras Muntianas |
1997 |
2004 |
Labour Party |
| Virginija Baltraitienė |
12 November 2004 |
12 December 2005 |
Labour Party |
|
| Nijolė Naujokienė |
2005 |
2011 |
Labour Party |
|
 |
Rimantas Diliūnas |
2011 |
2015 |
Labour Party |
| Saulius Grinkevičius |
17 April 2015 |
Incumbent |
Liberal Movement |
|
Famous citizens
Antanas Mackevičius, a priest and a leader of the 1863 uprising
Czesław Miłosz, Polish writer, Nobel Prize winner. Born in Šeteniai village
Mikalojus Daukša, Lithuanian writer, translator- Martin (Moshe) Kagan, a leader of the anti-Nazi resistance group HaShomer HaTzair
Ezekiel Katzenellenbogen, rabbi and prolific author
Avrohom Eliyahu Kaplan (1890-1924), prominent Orthodox rabbi.
Moshe Leib Lilienblum, Jewish scholar and author
Viktoras Muntianas, Lithuanian politician, former Speaker of the Seimas
Juozas Paukštelis, author
Juozas Urbšys, Lithuanian diplomat. Born in Šeteniai village
Shlomo Zalman Zoref, re-established the Ashkenazi community in the Old City of Jerusalem in 1811
International relations
Twin towns — Sister cities
Kėdainiai is twinned with:
|
|
Image gallery
St. Joseph's church of Carmelites
St. George's church, 15th century
Houses in the old town of Kėdainiai
Kranto II street in the old town
Evangelical church
Senoji street in old town
Kėdainiai market square
Kėdainiai old town
Didžioji street
Nevėžis river in city center
Kėdainiai new synagogue
Holy Transfiguration Church
See also
- Kėdainiai railway station
References
- History of Kėdainiai
Kėdainiai travel guide from Wikivoyage- www.kedainiai.lt
- www.visitkedainiai.lt - Kėdainiai tourism information center
- Article on Kedainiai's Jewish community
JRK Center College of Janusz Radziwiłł
Kėdainiai travel guide from Wikivoyage- Notes
^ "Lietuvos apskritys. Gyventojai" [Districts of Lithuania. Population] (PDF) (in Lithuanian). Lithuania's Department of Statistics. 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
^ ab "Kėdainiai". Samogitian Cultural Association Editorial Board. Retrieved 2009-07-03.
^ Dov Levin (2000). The Litvaks. Berg Publishers. p. 48. ISBN 978-1-57181-264-3.
^ Joan Blaeu (1662). LIVONIA vulgo Lyefland (Map).
^ Library of Congress Authority control Name Headings. HEADING: Kėdainiai (Lithuania). Accessed 2009-09-14.
^ Steve Murdoch (2006). Network North: Scottish kin, commercial and covert association in Northern Europe, 1603-1746. BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-14664-8.
^ Gilbert, Martin (2004). The Second World War: A Complete History. Macmillan Publishers. p. 214. ISBN 978-0-8050-7623-3.
^ Monica J. Casper (2003). Synthetic planet: chemical politics and the hazards of modern life. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-93355-1.
^ A. P. J. Mol, David Allan Sonnenfeld (2000). Ecological Modernisation Around the World: Perspectives and Critical Debates. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-7146-5064-7.
^ ab "Kėdainiai district municipality". Department of Statistics to the Government of the Republic of Lithuania. Retrieved 2009-06-11.
^ "Museum History". Kėdainiai Regional Museum. Retrieved 2009-06-11.
^ Number of inhabitants of Kėdainiai district municipality by ethnicity, "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2013-10-02. Retrieved 2014-01-02.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
Lithuanian census of 2011
^ Świat Polonii, [1] Dni Kultury Polskiej na Laudzie 18-20 czerwca 2004 r.
^ http://www.knypava.lt [2] Kėdainiuose giliai šaknis įleidę ir lenkai
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