Death and state funeral of Kim Il-sung























Death and funeral of Kim Il-sung

A painting of Kim smiling
Official portrait of Kim Il-sung

Date 8–17 July 1994
Location
Pyongyang, North Korea
Participants
Kim Jong-il and North Korean military, government and Korean Workers' Party elites














Part of a series on the
History of North Korea
Emblem of Emblem of North Korea










































































Soviet Civil Administration
 1945–48
Provisional People's Committee for North Korea
 1946–48
Kim Il-sung regime
 1948–94
 Korean War
 1950–53
 Korean DMZ Conflict
 1966–69
 Juche
 1972
 Death and state funeral of Kim Il-sung
 1994
Kim Jong-il regime
 1994–2011
 North Korean famine
 1994–98
 Songun
 1998
 Sunshine Policy
 1998–2010
 Six-party talks
 2003
 ROKS Cheonan sinking
 2010
 Death and state funeral of Kim Jong-il
 2011
Kim Jong-un regime
 2011–present
 State Affairs Commission
 2016
  North Korean crisis
 2017
  DPRK-US summit
 2018


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Kim Il-sung died on the afternoon of 8 July 1994 at age 82. North Korea's government did not report the death for more than 34 hours after it occurred. An official mourning period was declared from 8–17 July, during which the national flag was flown at half mast throughout the country, and all forms of amusement and dancing were prohibited.[1]


Pyongyang radio said that Kim had succumbed to complications arising from a stroke as a result of psychological stress.[citation needed] In the years prior to his death, he had been receiving treatment for diabetes as well as the hardening of arteries in his heart.[citation needed]




Contents






  • 1 Background


  • 2 Reactions


    • 2.1 Korean Peninsula


    • 2.2 International reactions




  • 3 Funeral service


  • 4 Funeral committee


  • 5 See also


  • 6 References


  • 7 Further reading


  • 8 External links





Background


On the late morning of 8 July 1994, Kim Il-sung collapsed from a sudden heart attack. After the heart attack, his son Kim Jong-il ordered the team of doctors who were constantly at his father's side to leave, and arranged for the country's best doctors to be flown in from Pyongyang. After several hours, the doctors from Pyongyang arrived, and despite their efforts to save him, Kim Il-sung died. His death was declared thirty hours later, respecting the traditional Confucian mourning period.[2]


Kim Il-sung's death resulted in nationwide mourning and a ten-day mourning period was declared by Kim Jong-il. His funeral in Pyongyang was attended by hundreds of thousands of people from all over North Korea. Kim Il-sung's body was placed in a public mausoleum at the Kumsusan Memorial Palace, where his preserved and embalmed body lies under a glass coffin for viewing purposes. His head rests on a Korean-style pillow and he is covered by the flag of the Workers' Party of Korea. Newsreel video of the funeral at Pyongyang was broadcast on several networks, and now can be found on various websites.[3] A further mourning period lasted until the third anniversary of his death in 1997.[4]



Reactions



Korean Peninsula




The original Statue of Kim Il-sung on Mansudae Hill (1972–2012)



  •  North Korea – On 9 July, Korean Central News Agency said that North Koreans "firmly resolve to remain loyal to the guidance of the Dear Leader Kim Jong Il". The agency described the so-called Dear Leader as "the reliable heir of Great Leader Kim Il Sung's revolutionary accomplishments".[5] In another broadcast, Kim was described as the "inheritor of North Korea's revolution and the chief of revolutionary forces".[6] On 11 July Japanese public television NHK said that North Korea's government completely blocked people and vehicles from passing through Tumen City, situated at the foot of the Tumen River, where border trade between China and North Korea is actively taking place.[7]


International reactions




  •  Russia – President Boris Yeltsin did not send condolences due to the two nations' strained relations at that period, instead delegating the duty to the then-Prime Minister Viktor Chernomyrdin.[8]


  •  United States – President Bill Clinton expressed his hope that the talks "will continue as appropriate". Clinton said: "I extend sincere condolences to the people of North Korea on the death of President Kim Il Sung. We appreciate his leadership in resuming the talks between our governments."[9]



Funeral service


Kim Jong-il was chairman of the funeral committee. The committee also included Defense Minister O Jin-u, and Vice President Kim Yong-ju, who was Kim Il-sung's younger brother.[10]


The funeral committee released communique regarding the funeral:


.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}

The State Funeral Committee publishes the following decision for the whole party, all the people and the entire army to express the deepest condolences over the death of the great leader Comrade Kim Il-sung and mourn him with the feelings of deep reverence:


The coffin of the respected leader Comrade Kim Il-sung will be laid in state at the Kumsusan Assembly Hall.

The period from 8th July to 17th July 1994, is set as the mourning period for the respected leader Comrade Kim Il-sung. The mourners will visit the bier from 11th July to 16th July 1994.

The mourning service for the last parting with the respected leader Comrade Kim Il-sung will be held solemnly in Pyongyang, the capital of revolution, on 17th July 1994.

At the time of the mourning service in Pyongyang, artillery salute will be fired in Pyongyang and provincial seats and the entire people across the country will observe a three-minute silence and all locomotives and ships sound whistles all at once in memory of the respected leader Comrade Kim Il-sung.

During the mourning period, memorial services will be held at all the organs and enterprises throughout the country and memorial services be held in all provinces, cities and counties while the memorial service is held in Pyongyang.

During the mourning period, organs and enterprises will hang the flag at half-mast, and all songs and dances, games and amusement will be banned.

Foreign mourning delegations will not be received.
— Korean Central News Agency, 8 July 1994[11]



The State funeral was held on 17 July and included the observance of three minutes of silence throughout the country.[12] Attendance to the funeral was two million people.[13]



Funeral committee


This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

The funeral committee was chaired by Kim Jong-il and had 273 members,[14] including:[15]




  1. Kim Jong-il

  2. O Jin-u

  3. Kang Song-san

  4. Ri Jong-ok

  5. Pak Song-chol

  6. Kim Yong-ju

  7. Kim Pyong-sik

  8. Kim Yong-nam

  9. Choe Kwang

  10. Kye Ung-thae

  11. Jon Pyong-ho

  12. Han Song-yong

  13. So Yun-sok

  14. Kim Chang-man

  15. Choe Thae-bok

  16. Choe Yong-rim

  17. Hong Song-nam

  18. Kang Hui-won

  19. Yang Hyong-sop

  20. Hong Sok-hyong

  21. Yon Hyong-muk

  22. Ri Son-il

  23. Kim Chol-su

  24. Kim Ki-nam

  25. Kim Kuk-thae

  26. Hwang Jang-yop

  27. Kim Pok-sin

  28. Kim Chang-ju

  29. Kim Yun-hyok

  30. Jang Chol

  31. Kong Jin-tae

  32. Yun Ki-bok

  33. Pak Nam-gi

  34. Jon Mun-sop

  35. Yu Mi-yong

  36. Hyon Jun-kuk

  37. Won Tong-ku

  38. Ri Ha-il

  39. Kim Ik-hyon

  40. Ri Chang-son

  41. O Kuk-ryol

  42. Kwon Hui-kyong

  43. Kang Sok-sung

  44. Choe Hui-jong

  45. No Myong-kwon

  46. Jong Ha-chol

  47. Kim Tu-nam

  48. Paek Hak-rim

  49. Chi Chang-ik

  50. Ri Yong-u

  51. Ri Chi-chang

  52. Choe Pok-hyon

  53. Kim Chang-o

  54. Ri Sok-paek

  55. Pak Yong-sop

  56. Ri Chol-pong

  57. Jong Jun-ki

  58. Hwang Sun-hui

  59. Sin Sang-kyun

  60. Jong Ha-chol

  61. Kim Ki-ryong

  62. Kang Hyon-su

  63. Pak Sung-kil

  64. Kim Hak-chol

  65. Paek Pom-su

  66. Choe Mun-son

  67. Im Hyong-ku

  68. Ri Kun-mo

  69. Hyon Chol-kyu

  70. Ri Kil-song

  71. Im Su-man

  72. Ri Ul-sol

  73. Kim Pong-ryul

  74. Kim Kwang-sin

  75. Kim Jong-gak

  76. O Ryong-pang

  77. Kim Myong-kuk

  78. O Yun-hwi

  79. Kim Pyok-sik

  80. Jang Song-u

  81. Jon Jin-su

  82. Chu Sang-jong

  83. Kim Yong-chul

  84. Cho Myong-rok

  85. Kim Il-chol

  86. Paek Chang-sik

  87. Kim Yong-hun

  88. Kang Tong-yun

  89. Pak Chi-su

  90. Han In-chol

  91. Kim Ha-kyu

  92. Nam Sang-nak

  93. Hyon Chol-hae

  94. Ri Pong-won

  95. Kim Pyong-yul

  96. Chu Song-il

  97. Choe Yong-hae

  98. Choe Song-suk

  99. Kim Song-ae

  100. Paek In-jun

  101. Ri Mong-ho

  102. Mun Song-sul

  103. Yom Ki-sun

  104. Ri Yong-chol

  105. Jang Song-paek

  106. Kim Si-hak




See also



  • Death and state funeral of Kim Jong-il

  • Kim Il-sung bibliography

  • List of largest funerals

  • List of things named after Kim Il-sung



References





  1. ^ North Korea Quarterly. Institute of Asian Affairs. 1994-01-01. p. 56..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  2. ^ Demick, Barbara: Nothing to Envy: Ordinary Lives in North Korea.


  3. ^ Scenes of lamentation after Kim Il-sung’s death


  4. ^ "North Korea ends mourning for Kim Il Sung". CNN. 8 July 1997. Retrieved 9 May 2015.


  5. ^ The Independent, 11 July 1994, Monday, "The Korean Succession: Fears of power struggle in North Korea"


  6. ^ "South Korea assumes "for now" that Kim Il-sung died of natural causes", South Korean news agency, Seoul, in English, 11 July 1994, Monday


  7. ^ "Pyongyang prevents foreigners from entering until after 17th July", KBS Radio, Seoul, 11 July 1994


  8. ^ Eugene Bazhanov and Natasha Bazhanov, "The Evolution of Russian-Korea Relations", Asian Survey, vol. 34, no. 9 (1994).


  9. ^ "North Korean President Kim Il Sung Dies at 82". The Washington Post. 9 July 1994.


  10. ^ The Washington Times, 10 July 1994, Sunday, Final Edition, "The son takes charge in Pyongyang"


  11. ^ "State funeral committee issues communique: foreign delegations not allowed". Korean Central News Agency, Pyongyang, in English. 9 July 1994.


  12. ^ The Straits Times (Singapore) "Kim Il Sung dies of heart attack", 10 July 1994


  13. ^ Gall, Timothy L; Gall, Susan B (1999). Worldmark Chronology of the Nations: Asia. 3. Farmington Hills: Gale Group. p. 316. ISBN 0-7876-0521-2.


  14. ^ "Kim Il Sung". Cold War Reference Library. The Gale Group Inc. 2004. Retrieved 7 February 2019 – via Encyclopedia.com.


  15. ^ 금수산 의사당서 10일장/김일성 장례 어떻게 치르나. Seoul Shinmun (in Korean). 10 July 1994. p. 5. Archived from the original on 18 January 2017.




Further reading




  • "The Great Leader Comrade Kim Il Sung will Always Be with Us". History of Revolutionary Activities of President Kim Il Sung (PDF). Pyongyang: Foreign Languages Publishing House. 2012. ISBN 9789946008882.


  • "January 1990—July 1994". Kim Il Sung: Condensed Biography (PDF). Pyongyang: Foreign Languages Publishing House. 2001. OCLC 500072623.



External links



  • On the occasion of the 23rd anniversary of the death of Kim Il-sung at Naenara











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