鋨的同位素




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主要的鋨同位素















































































同位素

衰變


丰度

半衰期 (t1/2)

類型

產物

184Os
0.02%

穩定

185Os

syn
93.6 

ε

185Reenrhenium-185

186Os
1.59%
2.0×1015 

α

182Wentungsten-182

187Os
1.96%

穩定

188Os
13.24%
穩定

189Os
16.15%
穩定

190Os
26.26%
穩定

191Os
syn
15.4 

β

191Ireniridium-191

192Os
40.78%
穩定

193Os
syn
30.11 

β

193Ireniridium-193

194Os
syn


β

194Ireniridium-194


標準原子質量英语Standard atomic weight (Ar, 標準)

  • 190.23(3)[1]





←Re(75) Ir(77)




(原子量:190.23(3))的同位素,當中有4個是穩定的,以及3個天然放射性同位素184
Os
186
Os
192
Os
,不過只有186
Os
的半衰期為已知,另外兩個則只有下界。



圖表






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































符號
Z(p

N(n

同位素質量(u)

半衰期[n 1]

衰變
方式[2][n 2]

衰變
產物[n 3]

原子核
自旋
相對豐度
(莫耳分率)
相對豐度
(莫耳分率)
激發能量

161Os
76
85

0.64(6) ms

α

157W




162Os
76
86
161.98443(54)#
1.87(18) ms

α

158W
0+



163Os
76
87
162.98269(43)#
5.5(6) ms

α

159W
7/2−#



β+, p (不常見)

162W

β+ (不常見)

163Re

164Os
76
88
163.97804(22)
21(1) ms

α (98%)

160W
0+



β+ (2%)

164Re

165Os
76
89
164.97676(22)#
71(3) ms

α (60%)

161W
(7/2−)



β+ (40%)

165Re

166Os
76
90
165.972691(20)
216(9) ms

α (72%)

162W
0+



β+ (28%)

166Re

167Os
76
91
166.97155(8)
810(60) ms

α (67%)

163W
3/2−#



β+ (33%)

167Re

168Os
76
92
167.967804(13)
2.06(6) s

β+ (51%)

168Re
0+



α (49%)

164W

169Os
76
93
168.967019(27)
3.40(9) s

β+ (89%)

169Re
3/2−#



α (11%)

165W

170Os
76
94
169.963577(12)
7.46(23) s

β+ (91.4%)

170Re
0+



α (8.6%)

176W

171Os
76
95
170.963185(20)
8.3(2) s

β+ (98.3%)

171Re
(5/2−)



α (1.7%)

167W

172Os
76
96
171.960023(16)
19.2(5) s

β+ (98.9%)

172Re
0+



α (1.1%)

168W

173Os
76
97
172.959808(16)
22.4(9) s

β+ (99.6%)

173Re
(5/2−)



α (.4%)

169W

174Os
76
98
173.957062(12)
44(4) s

β+ (99.97%)

174Re
0+



α (.024%)

170W

175Os
76
99
174.956946(15)
1.4(1) min

β+

175Re
(5/2−)



176Os
76
100
175.95481(3)
3.6(5) min

β+

176Re
0+



177Os
76
101
176.954965(17)
3.0(2) min

β+

177Re
1/2−



178Os
76
102
177.953251(18)
5.0(4) min

β+

178Re
0+



179Os
76
103
178.953816(19)
6.5(3) min

β+

179Re
(1/2−)



180Os
76
104
179.952379(22)
21.5(4) min

β+

180Re
0+



181Os
76
105
180.95324(3)
105(3) min

β+

181Re
1/2−



181m1Os
48.9(2) keV
2.7(1) min

β+

181Re
(7/2)−



181m2Os
156.5(7) keV
316(18) ns


(9/2)+



182Os
76
106
181.952110(23)
22.10(25) h

ε

182Re
0+



183Os
76
107
182.95313(5)
13.0(5) h

β+

183Re
9/2+



183mOs
170.71(5) keV
9.9(3) h

β+ (85%)

183Re
1/2−



IT (15%)

183Os

184Os
76
108
183.9524891(14)

觀測上穩定[n 4]
0+
2(1)×10−4


185Os
76
109
184.9540423(14)
93.6(5) d

ε

185Re
1/2−



185m1Os
102.3(7) keV
3.0(4) µs


(7/2−)#



185m2Os
275.7(8) keV
0.78(5) µs


(11/2+)



186Os[n 5]
76
110
185.9538382(15)

2.0(11)×1015 y

α

182W
0+
0.0159(3)


187Os[n 6]
76
111
186.9557505(15)

觀測上穩定[n 7]
1/2−
0.0196(2)


188Os[n 6]
76
112
187.9558382(15)

觀測上穩定[n 8]
0+
0.1324(8)


189Os
76
113
188.9581475(16)

觀測上穩定[n 9]
3/2−
0.1615(5)


189mOs
30.812(15) keV
5.81(6) h

IT

189Os
9/2−



190Os
76
114
189.9584470(16)

觀測上穩定[n 10]
0+
0.2626(2)


190mOs
1705.4(2) keV
9.9(1) min

IT

190Os
(10)−



191Os
76
115
190.9609297(16)
15.4(1) d

β

191Ir
9/2−



191mOs
74.382(3) keV
13.10(5) h

IT

191Os
3/2−



192Os
76
116
191.9614807(27)

觀測上穩定[n 11]
0+
0.4078(19)


192mOs
2015.40(11) keV
5.9(1) s

IT (87%)

192Os
(10−)



β (13%)

192Ir

193Os
76
117
192.9641516(27)
30.11(1) h

β

193Ir
3/2−



194Os
76
118
193.9651821(28)
6.0(2) y

β

194Ir
0+



195Os
76
119
194.96813(54)
6.5 min

β

195Ir
3/2−#



196Os
76
120
195.96964(4)
34.9(2) min

β

196Ir
0+



197Os
76
121

2.8(6) min






備註:畫上#號的數據代表沒有經過實驗的証明,只是理論推測而已,而用括號括起來的代表數據不確定性。















同位素列表


錸的同位素

鋨的同位素

銥的同位素


註釋




  1. ^ Bold for isotopes with half-lives longer than the age of the universe (nearly stable)


  2. ^ Abbreviations:
    ε: Electron capture
    IT: Isomeric transition



  3. ^ Bold for stable isotopes


  4. ^ Believed to undergo α decay to 180W or β+β+ decay to 184W with a half-life over 56×1012 years


  5. ^ primordial radionuclide


  6. ^ 6.06.1 Used in rhenium-osmium dating


  7. ^ Believed to undergo α decay to 183W


  8. ^ Believed to undergo α decay to 184W


  9. ^ Believed to undergo α decay to 185W


  10. ^ Believed to undergo α decay to 186W


  11. ^ Believed to undergo α decay to 188W or ββ decay to 192Pt with a half-life over 9.8×1012 years



参考文獻





  1. ^ Meija, J.; 等. Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report). 纯粹与应用化学. 2016, 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305. 


  2. ^ Universal Nuclide Chart. nucleonica. 需要免费注册. 




  • Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).

  • Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005).

  • Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.

    • Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties, Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).

    • National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database (retrieved Sept. 2005).

    • David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.











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