Redwood Library and Athenaeum
























































Redwood Library
U.S. National Register of Historic Places
U.S. National Historic Landmark

U.S. National Historic Landmark District
Contributing Property


Exterior of the Redwood Library and Athenaeum, Bellevue Ave entrance, November 2016.jpg
The Redwood Library and Athenaeum November 2016




Redwood Library and Athenaeum is located in Rhode Island
Redwood Library and Athenaeum



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Redwood Library and Athenaeum is located in the US
Redwood Library and Athenaeum



Show map of the US

Location 50 Bellevue Avenue, Newport, Rhode Island
Coordinates
41°29′12″N 71°18′30″W / 41.486544°N 71.308296°W / 41.486544; -71.308296Coordinates: 41°29′12″N 71°18′30″W / 41.486544°N 71.308296°W / 41.486544; -71.308296
Built 1748-1750
Architect Peter Harrison
Architectural style
Georgian-Palladian
Part of
Newport Historic District (#68000001)
NRHP reference # 66000015
Significant dates
Added to NRHP October 15, 1966[1]
Designated NHL October 9, 1960[2]
Designated NHLDCP November 24, 1968

The Redwood Library and Athenaeum is a subscription library located at 50 Bellevue Avenue, Newport, Rhode Island. Founded in 1747, it is the oldest community library still occupying its original building in the United States.[3] The original building was designed by Peter Harrison and completed in 1750, and is a National Historic Landmark.




Contents






  • 1 History


  • 2 Gallery


  • 3 See also


  • 4 References


  • 5 External links





History


18th Century


The original section of the building was constructed built between 1748 and 1750 by architect Peter Harrison. Only the Library Company of Philadelphia is older, founded in 1731 by Benjamin Franklin. The Redwood Library and Athenaeum predates the Charleston Library Society (founded in 1748), New York Society Library (founded in 1754), and the Boston Athenaeum (founded in 1807).


It was the first classical public building built in America, designed in the manner of Italian Renaissance Architect Andrea Palladio, in the Georgian-Palladian style. The main facade facing Bellevue avenue is based upon a plate in Edward Hoppus' Andrea Palladio's Architecture published in 1735.[4] The oldest section, today called the Harrison Room, still houses the majority of the original books that were purchased as a collection in London. Occupying British troops allegedly looted numerous books (many of which were later returned) prior to the Battle of Rhode Island during the American Revolution.[5]


Ezra Stiles was one of the most prominent librarians at the Library, the influential founder of Brown University and later president of Yale University.


19th Century


In 1833 the Library furthered its abilities as an institution, and re established itself as The Company of the Redwood Library and Athenaeum. By 1858, membership and collection had grown so much as that an expansion was needed. This expansion, which became known as the Roderick Terry Reading Room was produced by George Snell of Boston.


Within 10 years of the Reading Room being completed, architect Richard Morris Hunt was contacted to furnish another expansion for the library. His plans ultimately called for "an entirely new and enlarged structure of stone and marble shall (that) take the place of the existing wooden erections." Ultimately, Hunt's plans were rejected, although it is unclear whether that was due to monetary restriction on the part of the Redwood Library, or their disapproval of what could be construed as Hunt's irreverence for Peter Harrison's architecture.


In 1875, plans did go forward to develop another expansion to the Library. The Rovensky Delivery Room was designed by famed architect George Champlin Mason. At the time, the collections were in closed stacks, and when a book was requested, the librarian would retrieve it and bring it to the member in the delivery room.


20th Century


In 1915, historian and architect Norman Isham restored the eighteenth century Harrison room to what he concluded was its original appearance. The Library's modern collection now includes more than 200,000 volumes as well as a museum collection of art and artifacts. The building was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1966.[6]



Gallery






  • Early Redwood librarian, co-founder of Brown University and President of Yale University, The Rev. Ezra Stiles, painted in 1770–1771, by Samuel King







  • The Redwood Library and Athenaeum building in the early 20th century, image copied with the permission of cardcow.com







  • Cutleaf European beech tree in front of the library






See also




  • List of National Historic Landmarks in Rhode Island

  • National Register of Historic Places listings in Newport County, Rhode Island



References





  1. ^ National Park Service (2007-01-23). "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  2. ^ "Redwood Library". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Archived from the original on October 11, 2012. Retrieved June 29, 2008.


  3. ^ Davis, Paul (March 12, 2006). "Unrighteous Traffick-Rhode Island and the Slave Trade-First of Six Parts-Abraham Redwood, Antigua and the West Indies Trade". Providence Journal. p. A.11.


  4. ^ The Center for Palladian Studies in America, Inc., "Building America."


  5. ^ Haley, John Williams (1929). "The Old Stone Bank" History of Rhode Island. Providence, R.I.: Providence Institution for Savings. p. 91. LCCN 30013826.


  6. ^ NHL listing summary, accessed June 20, 2008 Archived October 11, 2012, at the Wayback Machine.




External links







  • Official website


  • Historic American Buildings Survey (HABS) No. RI-100, "Redwood Library, 50 Bellevue Avenue, Newport, Newport County, RI", 18 photos, 5 measured drawings, 19 data pages

  • HABS No. RI-274, "Abraham Redwood Garden House, 50 Bellevue Road (moved from original location), Newport, Newport County, RI", 1 photo, supplemental material













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