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London transport
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The London transport system is one of the oldest and largest public transport systems in the world. Many components of its transport system, such as the double-decker bus, the Hackney Carriage black taxi and the London Underground, are internationally recognised symbols of London.
Most transport services in London are controlled by Transport for London (TfL), an executive agency of the Greater London Authority. TfL-controlled services include the London Underground, Docklands Light Railway, the London Overground, Buses and Trams, most of which accept payment by the Oyster card. TfL also administers the congestion charge zone and the low emission zone.
London has a comprehensive rail network with several major railway stations linking to the rest of the country. International travel is possible from two international railway stations at St Pancras International and Stratford International, which connect to mainland Europe through the Eurostar service, or from one of six international airports, including Heathrow or Gatwick.
London is the starting point for a number of motorway routes. The M25 is an orbital motorway which enables vehicles to avoid travelling through central London and is one of the busiest motorways in Europe.
More about transport in London...

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Buses
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Underground
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Overground
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DLR
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Tramlink
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National Rail
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River Services
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Heathrow Airport
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Santander Cycles (formerly Barclays Cycle Hire) is a public bicycle hire scheme in London. The scheme's bicycles are popularly known as Boris Bikes, after Boris Johnson, who was the Mayor of London when the scheme was launched in July 2010. The scheme was first proposed by previous mayor Ken Livingstone in 2008. The operation of the scheme is contracted by Transport for London to Serco Group and was sponsored by Barclays Bank from its introduction until March 2015. It is currently sponsored by Santander. The scheme began with 5,000 bicycles and 315 docking stations distributed across the City of London and parts of eight London boroughs with the area covered expanding and the number of bicycles increasing in the following years.
Bicycles are available to hire from docking stations located around the city with the first 30 minutes of use free of charge. The bicycles are manufactured by Cycles Devinci in Canada and are designed to be robust and vandal resistant with puncture resistant tyres, chain guards and LED lighting and cabling built into the frames.
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Charles Henry Holden (12 May 1875–1 May 1960) was an English architect best known for his designs of some of the 1920s and 1930s stations on the London Underground, but who was already a distinguished architect before then, notably for his Imperial War Graves Commission cemeteries in Belgium and northern France.
Among his early architectural works at the beginning of the 20th century were Bristol Central Library and British Medical Association building in Strand. From the 1920s to the 1940s Holden was architect for numerous projects for the Underground Electric Railways Company of London and later London Transport. The earliest of Holden's commissions included stations on the southward extension of the Northern line to Morden in 1925-6 and a new company headquarters in 1927-9. The 1930-3 Piccadilly line extensions gave Holden the chance to develop a new type of station. Aiming for a striking and inviting modern appearance, he produced a set of designs based on simple, geometric forms built of brick and concrete. A number of these stations are listed buildings.
Many of Holden's later designs for Underground stations went unrealised or were scaled back because of World War II with only East Finchley representative of a series of stations planned for the cancelled extension of the Northern line to Bushey Heath and with stations on the Central line's extension into east London being scaled back by post-war austerity. Modestly believing that architecture was a joint effort, Holden twice declined the offer of a Knighthood.
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TX4 London Taxi at Heathrow Airport.
Helicopter landing at London Heliport, a jetty constructed in the River Thames in Battersea.
An air raid shelter in a London Underground station during The Blitz.
A Hansom cab at Somerset House.
Escalators at Westminster Underground station descend between beams and columns of the station box to reach the deep-level Jubilee line platforms.
View of Old London Bridge, circa 1632 by Claude de Jongh.
Shaftesbury Avenue from Piccadilly Circus, in the West End of London, 1949.
55 Broadway, headquarters of the UERL and its successors, is a Grade I listed building in Westminster designed by Charles Holden.
Woolwich Ferry boats "John Burns" and "James Newman" on the River Thames, 2012.
Stockwell bus garage, Stockwell, a Grade II* listed building.
Tram 2548 calls at Arena tram stop. This is one of the trams on the Tramlink network centred on Croydon in south London.
Qantas Boeing 747-400 about to land at Heathrow Airport, seen beyond the roofs of Myrtle Avenue, Hounslow.
The Circle routes of Victorian London, comprising the Inner Circle, Middle Circle, Outer Circle and Super Outer Circle.
Clapham Common Underground station north and south-bound platforms on the Northern line.
Day (left) and Night (right) sculptures by Sir Jacob Epstein on the London Underground's headquarters at 55 Broadway.
Early style tube roundel in mosaic at Maida Vale Underground station.
Southern approach to the Rotherhithe Tunnel that runs under the River Thames in east London between Rotherhithe and Limehouse.
Original stations on the Metropolitan Railway from The Illustrated London News, 27 December 1862.
Archer statue by Eric Aumonier at East Finchley Underground station.
Ruislip Lido Railway's 12-inch (300 mm) gauge locomotive "Mad Bess" hauling a passenger train.
"Boris Bikes" from the Santander Cycles hire scheme waiting for use at a docking station in Victoria.
Rail, road and river traffic, seen from the London Eye.
Preserved AEC Routemaster coaches in London Transport Green Line livery.
Duck tour converted DUKW amphibious vehicle exiting the River Thames.
London General Omnibus Company B-type bus B340 built in 1911 by AEC. One of a number of London buses purchased by the British military during World War I, this vehicle was operated on the Western Front.
Hornsey Lane Bridge, Archway, more commonly known as "Suicide Bridge".
Gondolas of the Emirates Air Line cable car cross the River Thames from Greenwich Peninsula to Royal Docks.
Planes waiting at Heathrow Airport's Terminal 4.
Victoria line 2009 Stock train at Euston.
Vauxhall Bridge across the River Thames opened in 1906 and features sculptures by F. W. Pomeroy.
London Overground Class 378 train on the East London Line in Hoxton.
London Underground A60 Stock (left) and 1938 Stock (right) trains showing the difference in the sizes of the two types of rolling stock operated on the system. A60 stock trains operated on the surface and sub-surface sections of the Metropolitan line from 1961 to 2012 and 1938 Stock operated on various deep level tube lines from 1938 to 1988.
London Underground Battery-electric locomotive L16 designed to operate over tracks where the traction current is turned off for maintenance work.
Tower bridge; a bascule bridge across the River Thames.
Central London Railway poster, published in 1905.
The original Hampton Court Bridge in 1753, the first of four on the site.
The multi-level junction between the M23 and M25 motorways near Merstham in Surrey. The M23 passes over the M25 with bridges carrying interchange slip roads for the two motorways in between.
Arguably the best-preserved disused station building in London, this is the former Alexandra Palace station on the GNR Highgate branch (closed in 1954). It is now in use as a community centre (CUFOS).
Thames Clippers service catamaran on the River Thames.
Camden Lock or Hampstead Road Lock in Camden Town, north London is the only twin lock on the Regents Canal.
Hammersmith Bridge, opened in 1887, crosses the River Thames in west London.
Eurostar Class 373 trains at St Pancras station.
Albert Bridge, opened in 1873, crosses the River Thames between Chelsea and Battersea.
Sailing ships at West India Docks on the Isle of Dogs in 1810. The docks opened in 1802 and closed in 1980 and have since been redeveloped as the Canary Wharf development.
A tram of the London United Tramways at Boston Road, Hanwell, circa 1910.
The newly constructed junction of the Westway (A40) and the West Cross Route (A3220) at White City, circa 1970. Continuation of the West Cross Route northwards under the roundabout was cancelled leaving two short unused stubs for the slip roads that would have been provided for traffic joining or leaving the northern section.
The western departures concourse of King's Cross railway station.
The New Routemaster built by Wrightbus has three entrances, two staircases and is designed to be reminiscent of the Routemaster.
The south façade of King's Cross railway station London terminus of the East Coast Main Line.
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In the news
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10 May – Transport for London receives permission from the Department for Transport to begin development of the Silvertown Tunnel [1]
20 May – Transport for London's TfL Rail replaces the Heathrow Connect service from Paddington to Heathrow Terminals 2 & 3 and Heathrow Terminal 4 [2]
8 June – Transport for London announces that the Ultra Low Emission Zone due to be introduced on 8 April 2019 will be extended to the North and South Circular Roads on 25 October 2021. [3]
12 June – The Rotherhithe Tunnel is 110 years old. [4]
31 August – The opening of the Elizabeth line has been delayed from December 2018 to Autumn 2019 to provide time for infrastructure to be completed and trains to be test. [5]
Archive
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Did you know...
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- ...that there has been five stations named Shepherd's Bush, three called Wood Lane and two titled White City?
- ...that 900 London buses were commandeered for use as troop transports on the Western Front during World War I?
- ...that Limehouse Cut which links the River Lee Navigation and Limehouse Basin in east London is the capital's oldest canal, opened in 1766?
- ...that London Underground stations Padddington and Paddington are about 400 m apart on foot, but over 20 kilometres apart by train?
More Did you know...
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Maps
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Geographic London Underground maps
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Central area |
Complete network
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Official maps Tube ·
Night Tube ·
Overground ·
DLR ·
London Connections ·
Bus ·
Tramlink ·
Cycle hire
River ·
Congestion Charge Zone ·
Low Emission Zone ·
Source London
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Recognised content
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Featured articles (31)
1910 London to Manchester air race •
Albert Bridge, London •
Aldwych tube station •
Albert Stanley, 1st Baron Ashfield •
Baker Street and Waterloo Railway •
Battersea Bridge •
Brill Tramway •
Brill railway station •
Central London Railway •
Charing Cross, Euston and Hampstead Railway •
Chelsea Bridge •
City and South London Railway •
Great Northern, Piccadilly and Brompton Railway •
Green Park tube station •
Herne Hill railway station •
Charles Holden •
London Necropolis Company •
Metropolitan Railway •
Moorgate tube crash •
RAF Northolt •
Frank Pick •
Quainton Road railway station •
Richmond Bridge, London •
Edgar Speyer •
Underground Electric Railways Company of London •
Vauxhall Bridge •
Waddesdon Road railway station •
Wandsworth Bridge •
Westcott railway station •
Wood Siding railway station •
Wotton railway station (Brill Tramway)
Featured lists (6)
List of former and unopened London Underground stations •
List of London Underground stations •
List of London Monopoly locations •
List of works by Charles Holden •
London station group •
Timeline of the London Underground
Featured topics (2)
Brill Tramway •
Underground Electric Railways Company of London
Good articles (91)
A1 in London •
A215 road •
Acton Town tube station •
Angel tube station •
Arnos Grove tube station •
William Henry Barlow •
Blackfriars station •
Blackwall Tunnel •
BOAC Flight 712 •
Bond Street •
Bow Back Rivers •
Bow Street •
Infrastructure of the Brill Tramway •
British Airways •
British Rail Class 700 •
Broad Street railway station (England) •
Cannon Street station •
Charing Cross railway station •
Chesham branch •
Chiswick Bridge •
Coventry Street •
Dartford Crossing •
Denmark Street •
District Railway •
Down Street tube station •
East Finchley tube station •
Elephant & Castle tube station •
Embankment tube station •
Eurostar •
Euston Road •
Euston tube station •
Euston railway station •
Fenchurch Street railway station •
Finchley Central tube station •
Fleet Street •
Sir John Fowler, 1st Baronet •
Gants Hill tube station •
Gloucester Road tube station •
Great Marlborough Street •
Hammersmith & City line •
Hammerton's Ferry •
High Speed 1 •
Highgate tube station •
History of British Airways •
Holborn tube station •
Kennington tube station •
King's Cross St Pancras tube station •
Leicester Square •
Murder of Deborah Linsley •
Liverpool Street station •
London Bridge station •
London Country North East •
London King's Cross railway station •
London Necropolis Railway •
London Necropolis railway station •
London Paddington station •
London Underground departmental stock •
London Victoria station •
London Waterloo station •
M11 link road protest •
Marylebone station •
Moorgate station •
Morden tube station •
North Circular Road •
Northumberland Avenue •
Old Kent Road •
Old Street station •
Oxford Circus tube station •
Oxford Street •
Paddington tube station (Bakerloo, Circle and District lines) •
Paddington tube station (Circle and Hammersmith & City lines) •
Pall Mall, London •
Park Lane •
Charles Pearson •
Pentonville Road •
Piccadilly •
Regent Street •
St Pancras railway station •
South Circular Road, London •
South Kensington tube station •
Strand, London •
Tillingbourne Bus Company •
Trafalgar Square •
Upminster Bridge tube station •
Victoria line •
Vine Street, London •
Westminster tube station •
Whitechapel Road •
Whitehall •
Wimbledon and Sutton Railway •
Woolwich Ferry
Good topics (1)
List of London Monopoly locations
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Articles
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TfL |
- Buses
- Coaches
- Congestion charge
- Crossrail
- Cycle Hire
- Dial-a-Ride
- Docklands Light Railway
- London Overground
- London Underground
- Low emission zone
- London Rail
- River
- Source London
- Streets
- Taxis
- Tramlink
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Suburban rail |
- Abellio Greater Anglia
- c2c
- Chiltern Railways
- First Capital Connect
- First Great Western
- Heathrow Connect
- Heathrow Express
- London Overground
- South West Trains
- Southeastern
- Southern
- Stansted Express
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InterCity & international rail |
- East Coast
- East Midlands Trains
- Eurostar
- First Great Western
- First Hull Trains
- First ScotRail (Sleeper)
- Gatwick Express
- Grand Central
- London Midland
- Virgin Trains
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Central & major stations |
Termini |
- Blackfriars
- Cannon Street
- Charing Cross
- Euston
- Fenchurch Street
- King's Cross
- Liverpool Street
- London Bridge
- Marylebone
- Moorgate
- Paddington
- St Pancras
- Victoria
- Waterloo
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Other |
- City Thameslink
- Clapham Junction
- East Croydon
- Farringdon
- Old Street
- Stratford
- Vauxhall
- Waterloo East
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Airports |
- London City
- Biggin Hill
- London Gatwick
- London Heathrow
- London Luton
- London Southend
- London Stansted
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Motorways |
- M25 London Orbital
- M1
- M3
- M4
- M11
- M20
- M23
- M40
- A1(M)
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Rivers & water transport
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- Bridges in London
- Grand Junction Canal
- Lee Navigation
- Pool of London
- Regent's Canal
- London River Services
- River Thames
- Tideway
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Museums |
- London Canal Museum
- London Transport Museum
- Museum of London Docklands
- National Maritime Museum
- Royal Mews
- Southall Railway Centre
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Categories
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Transport in London
► Transport in London by borough
► Bridges and tunnels in London
► Transport design in London
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► Docklands Light Railway
► Fare collection systems in London
► History of transport in London
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► People associated with transport in London
► Rail transport in London
► Road transport in London
► Transport authorities in London
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► Transport infrastructure in London
► Transport operators in London
► Water transport in London
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Wikiproject
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