^Devroede G. Constipation—a sign of a disease to be treated surgically, or a symptom to be deciphered as nonverbal communication?. J. Clin. Gastroenterol. 1992, 15 (3): 189–91. PMID 1479160. doi:10.1097/00004836-199210000-00003.
^ 5.05.1Encyclopedia of Mental Disorders: positive symptom. Minddisorders.com. [2011-12-17].
^ 6.06.1http://www.minddisorders.com/Kau-Nu/Negative-symptoms.html Encyclopedia of Mental Disorders: negative symptom
^Mental Health: a Report from the Surgeon General. Surgeongeneral.gov. [2011-12-17].
^ 8.08.1Understanding Psychosis 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2012-12-25., Mental Health Illness of Australia.
^Greenberger N.J., Paumgartner G (2012). Chapter 311. Diseases of the Gallbladder and Bile Ducts. In Longo D.L., Fauci A.S., Kasper D.L., Hauser S.L., Jameson J, Loscalzo J (Eds), Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18e
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用來描述病徵的基本醫學術語（英语：Medical terminology）
醫學徵象 症狀 症候群
诊断 鑑別診斷 预后
急性 慢性病 治癒/緩解（英语：Cure#Remission）
疾病 以人名為名稱的疾病（英语：List of eponymously named diseases） 首字母縮寫或簡稱（英语：List of medical abbreviations）
病程
Symptoms and signs
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心血管系统（R00–R03, 785（英语：List of ICD-9 codes 780–799: symptoms, signs, and ill-defined conditions#Symptoms involving cardiovascular system 785））
關於呼吸系統的症狀與醫學徵象（R04–R07, 786（英语：List of ICD-9 codes 780–799: symptoms, signs, and ill-defined conditions#Symptoms involving respiratory system and other chest symptoms 786））
This article is part of a series on Information security Related security categories Internet security Cyberwarfare Computer security Mobile security Network security Threats Computer crime Vulnerability Eavesdropping Malware Spyware Ransomware Trojans Viruses Worms Rootkits Bootkits Keyloggers Screen scrapers Exploits Backdoors Logic bombs Payloads Denial of service Defenses Computer access control Application security Antivirus software Secure coding Secure by default Secure by design Secure operating systems Authentication Multi-factor authentication Authorization Data-centric security Encryption Firewall Intrusion detection system Mobile secure gateway Runtime application self-protection (RASP) v t e Information security , sometimes shortened to InfoSec , is the practice of preventing unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, inspection, recording or destruction of information. Th...
The Volkswagen Group MQB platform is the company's strategy for shared modular design construction of its transverse, front-engine, front-wheel-drive layout (optional front-engine, four-wheel-drive layout) automobiles. Volkswagen spent roughly $60bn [1] developing this new platform and the cars employing it. The platform underpins a wide range of cars from the supermini class to the mid size SUV class. MQB allows Volkswagen to assemble any of its cars based on this platform across all of its MQB ready factories. This allows the Volkswagen group flexibility to shift production as needed between its different factories. Beginning in 2012, Volkswagen Group marketed the strategy under the code name MQB , which stands for Modularer Querbaukasten , translating from German to "Modular Transversal Toolkit" or "Modular Transverse Matrix". [2] [3] MQB is one strategy within VW's overall MB (Modularer Baukasten or modular matrix) program which also includes th...
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