International Football Association Board

The International
Football Association Board

Formation	1886; 133 years ago (1886)
Purpose	Guardians of the Laws of the Game
Headquarters	Zurich, Switzerland
Region served	Worldwide
Membership	The FA SFA FAW IFA FIFA
Secretary	Lukas Brud
Website	www.theifab.com

The International Football Association Board (IFAB^[1]) is the body that determines the Laws of the Game of association football. IFAB was founded in 1886 to agree standardised Laws for international competition, and has since acted as the "guardian" of the internationally used Laws; since its establishment in 1904 FIFA, the sport's top governing body, has recognised IFAB's jurisdiction over the Laws.^[2] IFAB is known to take a highly conservative attitude regarding changes to the Laws of the Game.^[3]

It is a separate body from FIFA, though FIFA is represented on the board and holds 50% of the voting power. As a legacy of association football's origins in the British Isles, the other organisations represented are the governing bodies of the game in the four countries of the United Kingdom. Amendments to the Laws require a three-quarter supermajority vote, meaning that FIFA's support is necessary but not sufficient for a motion to pass.

Contents

• 
  1 Operations
  


• 
  2 History
  


• 
  3 List of IFAB Annual General Meetings
  


• 
  4 References
  


• 
  5 External links
  

Operations

IFAB is made up of representatives from each of the United Kingdom's pioneering football associations—England's Football Association (The FA), the Scottish Football Association (SFA), the Football Association of Wales (FAW) and Northern Ireland's Irish Football Association (IFA)—and Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA), the international governing body for football. Each UK association has one vote and FIFA has four. IFAB deliberations must be approved by three-quarters of the vote, which translates to at least six votes.^[4] Thus, FIFA's approval is necessary for any IFAB decision, but FIFA alone cannot change the Laws of the Game—they need to be agreed by at least two of the UK members. As of 2016, all members must be present for a binding vote to proceed.^[4]

The Board meets twice a year, once to decide on possible changes to the rules governing the game of Football and once to deliberate on its internal affairs. The first meeting is called the Annual General Meeting (AGM) and the second is the Annual Business Meeting (ABM). In FIFA World Cup years, the AGM is held at FIFA's offices; otherwise, it rotates between Northern Ireland, Wales, England and Scotland in that order.^[4] Four weeks before the AGM, the member associations must send their written proposals to the secretary of the host association. FIFA then prints a list of suggestions that are distributed to all other associations for examination. The AGM is held either in February or March and the ABM is held between September and October.^[5] In cases of necessity, the Board can meet in a Special Meeting in addition to the two ordinary annual meetings. As of December 2012, the last Special Meeting was hosted by FIFA in Zurich on 5 July 2012.^[6]

The decisions of each year's Annual General Meeting of the Board regarding changes to the Laws of the Game enter into force as from 1 July (and are binding on FIFA and on the other members of the Board, and, given that FIFA's Statutes establish that FIFA and its member associations and affiliates adhere to the Laws of the Game laid down by IFAB, those changes bind also FIFA's other member associations, FIFA's continental confederations of member associations, and the subnational entities of the national associations) but confederations, member associations and other bodies whose current season has not ended by 1 July may delay the introduction of the adopted alterations to the Laws of the Game in their competitions until the beginning of their next season.^[7] As well as permanent changes to the Laws, IFAB also authorises trials of potential amendments.^[8]

History

Though the rules of football had largely been standardised by the early 1880s, the UK's four football associations still each had slightly different rules. This posed a problem with international matches and when matches were played, the rules of whoever was the home team were used. While this solution was workable, it was hardly ideal. To remedy this, the then football associations of England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland met on 6 December 1882 in Manchester, in order to set forth a common set of rules that could be applied to matches between the UK football associations' national teams. The conference created the first international competition, the British Home Championship, and proposed the establishment of a permanent board to regulate the laws of the game.

Therefore, the first meeting of IFAB took place at the FA's offices at Holborn Viaduct in London on Wednesday 2 June 1886.^[9][10] The FA, SFA, FAW and IFA each had equal voting rights.

The Laws of the Game in 1903

Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA), the international organising body for the sport, was formed in Paris in 1904 and declared that, regarding the Laws of the Game itself, they would enforce the rules laid down by IFAB. In 1912, FIFA requested that its representatives be included in IFAB. At a special meeting held in January 1913 in Wrexham, IFAB agreed to FIFA's request. The first regular IFAB meeting to include FIFA occurred in June 1913. Each association (including FIFA) was entitled to send two representatives, with a four-fifths majority required to change the laws (thus that the UK associations could still change the laws against FIFA's wishes if they all voted together). One more meeting of IFAB was held, in Paris in 1914, before regular meetings were curtailed by the First World War.

For the first four post-war IFAB meetings (1920, 1921, 1922, and 1923), FIFA was once again excluded, on account of a dispute between FIFA and the home nations. From 1924, once the dispute had been resolved, FIFA once again attended IFAB meetings.
In 1958, the Board agreed on its current voting system.

Since Irish partition in 1921, the IFA has evolved to become the organising body for football in Northern Ireland, with football in the Republic of Ireland being organised by the FAI. A request for the FAI to become a member of IFAB was denied at the 1923 annual general meeting.^[11]

List of IFAB Annual General Meetings

Year	Date	Host	Location	Venue	Votes						Notes / references[12]
					FA	SFA	FAW	IFA	FIFA	Required to amend laws
1886	June 1st	FA	London	Football Association Offices, 51 Holborn Viaduct	2	2	2	2	0	100%	First meeting
1887	June 1st	SFA	Glasgow	Scottish Football Association Offices, 6 Carlton Place							First meeting to amend the Laws of the Game
1888	June 25th	FAW	Wrexham	Wynnstay Arms Hotel							[13]
1889	June 1st	IFA	Belfast	Commercial Hotel							[14]
1890	June 2nd	FA	London	Anderton's Hotel							[15]
1891	June 2nd	SFA	Glasgow	Alexandra Hotel
1892	June 13th	FAW	Llandudno	Prince of Wales Hotel
1893	June 10th	IFA	Belfast	Hotel Shaftesbury							Date of subsequent meetings fixed to be the third Monday in June.
1894	June 18th	FA	Windermere	Ferry Hotel
1895	June 17th	SFA	Glasgow	Alexandra Hotel
1896	June 15th	FAW	Aberystwyth	White Horse Hotel
1897	June 14th	IFA	Rostrevor, Newry	Mourne Hotel
1898	June 20th	FA	London	Football Association Offices, 61 Chancery Lane
1899	June 19th	SFA	Glasgow	St. Enoch's Station Hotel
1900	June 18th	FAW	Llangollen	Royal Hotel
1901	June 17th	IFA	Giant's Causeway, Bushmills	Royal Hotel
1902	June 16th	FA	Scarborough	Grand Hotel
1903	June 15th	SFA	Ayr	Station Hotel							Date of subsequent meetings moved to the second Saturday in June.
1904	June 11th	FAW	Bangor	British Hotel							[16]
1905	June 17th	IFA	Killarney	Lake Hotel							First meeting to be held outside today's United Kingdom.
1906	June 9th	FA	Bowness-on-Windermere	Royal Hotel
1907	June 8th	SFA	Oban	Alexandra Hotel
1908	June 19th-20th	FAW	Llandrindod Wells	Rock Hotel
1909	June 12th	IFA	Bundoran	Great Northern Hotel
1910	June 11th	FA	Brighton	Royal York Hotel
1911	June 11th	SFA	Turnberry, Ayrshire	Station Hotel
1912	June 8th	FAW	Aberystwyth	Queen's Hotel
1913	June 14th	IFA	Portrush	Northern Counties Hotel	2	2	2	2	2	80%	First meeting to include FIFA
1914	June 13th	FIFA	Paris	Hotel Palais D'Orsay							First meeting held outside Britain and Ireland. Last meeting before the First World War.
1920	June 12th-14th	FA	Torquay	Torbay Hotel	2	2	2	2	0	100%	First meeting after the First World War. FIFA again excluded.
1921	June 11th	SFA	Portpatrick	Portpatrick Hotel
1922	June 10th	FAW	Llandudno	Imperial Hotel
1923	June 9th	IFA	Giant's Causeway, Bushmills	Causeway Hotel							Last meeting to exclude FIFA
1924	June 14th	FA	London	Football Association Offices, 42 Russell Square	2	2	2	2	2	80%
1925	June 13th	FIFA	Paris	11 Rue de Londres
1926	June 12th	SFA	St Andrews	Grand Hotel
1927	June 11th	FAW	Llandudno	Grand Hotel
1928	June 9th	IFA	Newcastle	Slieve Donard Hotel
1929	June 8th	FIFA	Paris	Fédération Française de Football Association Offices, 22 Rue de Londres
1930	June 14th	FA	Bournemouth	Royal Exeter Hotel
1931	June 13th	SFA	Auchterarder	Gleneagles Hotel
1932	June 11th	FAW	Llandudno	Imperial Hotel
1933	June 10th	IFA	Portrush	Northern Counties Hotel							Rules amended to allow FIFA-hosted meetings to take place in "the territory of a Continental National Association", rather than being restricted to Paris.
1934	June 9th	FIFA	Cannes	Hôtel des Anglais
1935	June 8th	FA	Shanklin	Daish's Hotel
1936	June 13th	SFA	Troon	Marine Hotel
1937	June 12th	FAW	Llandudno	Imperial Hotel
1938	June 11th, 13th	IFA	Portrush	Northern Counties Hotel
1939	June 10th	FIFA	Nice	Hotel Negresco							Last meeting held before World War II. A meeting was scheduled for London in 1940, but was abandoned when FIFA and IFA delegates were unable to attend.
1947	June 14th	FA	Torquay	Imperial Hotel							First meeting held after World War II.
1948	June 12th	FIFA	Montreux	Palace Hotel							First meeting held outside Britain, Ireland and France. Meeting would have regularly been hosted by the SFA, but it was unanimously agreed to accept an invitation from FIFA to host this meeting.
1949	June 11th	SFA	Pitlochry	Hydro Hotel
1950	June 10th	FAW	Beaumaris	Bulkeley Arms Hotel
1951	June 9th	IFA	Portrush	Northern Counties Hotel
1952	June 14th	FIFA	Capri	Morgano-Tiberio Hotel							Date of future meetings moved to third Saturday in June.
1953	June 20th	FA	Eastbourne	Cavendish Hotel
1954	June 19th	FIFA	Berne	Schweizerhof Hotel							The SFA agreed to forego its regularly scheduled hosting duties in order to allow FIFA to host the meeting at its 50th anniversary celebrations preceding the 1954 World Cup.
1955	June 18th	SFA	North Berwick	Marine Hotel
1956	June 16th	FAW	Llandudno	Imperial Hotel
1957	June 15th	IFA	Portrush	Northern Counties Hotel
1958	June 7th	FIFA	Stockholm	Hotel Foresta	1	1	1	1	4	75%	Meeting held on the day before the opening of the 1958 World Cup. New rules adopted, with greater voting weight given to FIFA "on behalf of all other National Associations in membership with it". Hosting rules changed to provide that "when the FIFA Congress and the World Cup coincide", FIFA should host the meeting at the World Cup venue, if practicable. Date of meeting may be any time in June.
1959	June 20th	FA	St. Helier, Jersey	Pomme d'Or Hotel							First of four consecutive meetings hosted by the FA outside England in the Channel Islands
1960	June 18th	SFA	St Andrews	Rusack's Marine Hotel
1961	June 17th	FAW	Porthcawl	Seabank Hotel
1962	June 23rd	IFA	Newcastle	Slieve Donard Hotel
1963	June 15th	FIFA	Venice	Palazzo della Camera di Commercio
1964	June 20th	FA	St. Helier, Jersey	Grand Hotel
1965	June 19th	SFA	Edinburgh	Caledonian Hotel
1966	June 11th	FAW	Llandudno	Marine Hotel
1967	June 17th	IFA	Newcastle	Slieve Donard Hotel							Last meeting hosted by the IFA for 13 years. The IFA withdrew from its regular hosting schedule during the 1970s owing to the "Troubles" in Northern Ireland.
1968	June 15th	FIFA	Dubrovnik	Hotel Excelsior
1969	June 21st	FA	St. Helier, Jersey	Grand Hotel
1970	June 27th	SFA	Inverness	Caledonian Hotel
1971	June 19th	FAW	Swansea	Dragon Hotel
1972	June 10th	FIFA	Vienna	Parkhotel Schönbrunn							FIFA stepped in to replace the IFA.
1973	June 23rd	FA	St Peter Port, Guernsey	Duke of Richmond Hotel
1974	July 9th	FIFA	Rottach-Egern	Hotel Bachmair							Meeting held two days after the final of the 1974 World Cup in nearby Munich. First meeting not held in June.
1975	June 21st	SFA	Auchterarder	Gleneagles Hotel
1976	June 18th	FAW	Porthcawl	Seabank Hotel
1977	June 19th	FA	London	Royal Garden Hotel							The IFA withdrew from hosting this meeting.
1978	June 1st	FIFA	Buenos Aires	Hotel Sheraton							First meeting outside Europe. Held on the opening day of the 1978 World Cup.
1979	June 16th	SFA	Auchterarder	Gleneagles Hotel
1980	June 7th	IFA	Craigavad, Holywood, near Belfast	Culloden Hotel
1981	June 13th	FAW	Ruthin	Ruthin Castle							IFAB had accepted an invitation by FIFA President João Havelange to host this meeting in Brazil, but the invitation was subsequently withdrawn, with Havelange missing this meeting for personal reasons.
1982	July 6th	FIFA	Madrid	Palacio de Congresos							Meeting held the day after the final of the 1982 World Cup
1983	July 9th	FA	New Milton	Chewton Glen Hotel
1984	June 2nd	SFA	Turnberry, Ayrshire	Turnberry Hotel
1985	June 15th	IFA	Craigavad, Holywood, near Belfast	Culloden Hotel
1986	May 30th	FIFA	Mexico City	Camino Real Hotel							First (and, as of 2018, only) meeting in North America. Originally scheduled to be held in Zurich, but moved to Mexico in connection with the 1986 World Cup.
1987	June 13th	FAW	Llandudno	Bodysgallen Hall
1988	June 4th	FA	London	Royal Lancaster Hotel
1989	June 7nd	SFA	Edinburgh	Caledonian Hotel
1990	June 28th	FIFA	Rome	Hilton Cavalieri Hotel							Held during the 1990 World Cup
1991	June 8th	IFA	Craigavad, Holywood, near Belfast	Culloden Hotel
1992	May 30th	FAW	Usk Valley, Newport	Celtic Manor Hotel							New rules adopted by IFAB: in future years there will be two annual meetings: the Annual General Meeting, held in February / March, and the Annual Business Meeting in September / October.
1993	February 27th	FA	Thundridge, Hertfordshire	Hanbury Manor
1994	March 5th	FIFA	Zurich	FIFA House, Hitzigweg 11
1995	March 4th	SFA	Turnberry, Ayrshire	Turnberry Hotel
1996	March 9th	FIFA	Rio de Janeiro	Copacabana Palace Hotel							Last meeting held outside Europe (as of 2018). Originally scheduled to be hosted by the IFA in Northern Ireland, but moved to Brazil at the instigation of outgoing FIFA President João Havelange.
1997	March 1st,	IFA	Craigavad, Holywood, near Belfast	Culloden Hotel
1998	March 6th	FIFA	Paris	Hôtel Plaza Athénée
1999	February 20th	FAW	Groesfaen, Vale of Glamorgan	Miskin Manor Hotel
2000	February 19th	FA	Taplow, Berkshire	Cliveden
2001	March 10th	SFA	Edinburgh	Balmoral Hotel
2002	March 16th	FIFA	Zermatt	Hôtel Mont Cervin
2003	March 15th	IFA	Craigavad, Holywood, near Belfast	Culloden Hotel
2004	February 28th	FIFA	London	Claridge's Hotel							Hosted in London by FIFA as part of its centenary celebrations, to celebrate the role of the four Home Associations in the development of the game.[17][18]
2005	February 26th	FAW	Groesfaen, Vale of Glamorgan	Miskin Manor Hotel
2006	March 4th	FIFA	Lucerne	Palace Hotel
2007	March 3rd	FA	Manchester	Lowry Hotel
2008	March 8th	SFA	Auchterarder	Gleneagles Hotel
2009	February 28th	IFA	Newcastle	Slieve Donard Hotel
2010	March 6th	FIFA	Zurich	Home of FIFA, FIFA-Strasse 20
2011	March 5th	FAW	Usk Valley, Newport	Celtic Manor Hotel
2012	March 3rd	FA	Bagshot, Surrey	Pennyhill Park Hotel
2013	March 2nd	SFA	Edinburgh	Balmoral Hotel
2014	March 1st	FIFA	Zurich	Home of FIFA, FIFA-Strasse 20							[19]
2015	February 27th - March 1st	IFA	Craigavad, Holywood, near Belfast	Culloden Hotel							[20][21]
2016	March 5th	FAW	Cardiff	St. David's Hotel and Spa							[22]
2017	March 3rd	FA	Wembley, London	Wembley Stadium							[23]
2018	March 3rd	FIFA	Zurich	Home of FIFA, FIFA-Strasse 20							[24]
2019	March 2nd	SFA	Aberdeen	Marcliffe Hotel							[25]

References

1. 
   ^ "Amendments to the Laws of the Game - 2010/11". FIFA. 19 May 2010. Retrieved 22 February 2011..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
   


2. 
   ^ Tom Dunmore (16 September 2011). Historical Dictionary of Soccer. Scarecrow Press. pp. 150–. ISBN 978-0-8108-7188-5.
   


3. 
   ^ "Sin-bins will by considered by Fifa rulemakers Ifab after support from Sepp Blatter and Michel Platini". The Telegraph. 13 January 2014. Retrieved 6 October 2014.
   


4. 
   ^ ^abc "Article 7: General Assembly" (PDF). Statutes of the International Association Football Board (IFAB). 5 March 2016. Retrieved 21 July 2016.
   


5. 
   ^ Form & Function FIFA - FIFA paper on the role of the IFAB
   


6. 
   ^ https://www.fifa.com/mm/document/affederation/ifab/01/65/91/74/03_07_2012_ifab_meeting_agenda.pdf
   


7. 
   ^ FIFA Statutes FIFA
   


8. 
   ^ Gibson, Owen (5 March 2016). "Football's lawmakers approve live trials for video technology to aid referees". The Observer. Retrieved 7 June 2016.
   


9. 
   ^ The First Meeting of the International Football Association Board Archived 2007-10-07 at the Wayback Machine Soccer South Bay Referee Association
   


10. 
    ^ TheFA.com - History of The FA Football Association
    


11. 
    ^ "Minutes of the 1923 Annual General Meeting" (PDF). p. 5. Retrieved 2019-01-16.
    


12. 
    ^ Details from the IFAB archives
    


13. 
    ^ "International Football Conference at Wrexham". Wrexham Advertiser: 8. 1888-06-30.
    


14. 
    ^ "International Football Conference". Northern Whig. Belfast (25215): 7. 1889-06-03.
    


15. 
    ^ "Football: The International Association Board". Lancashire Evening Post (1127): 6. 1890-06-03.
    


16. 
    ^ "International Football Board". The Standard. London (24953): 8. 1904-06-13.
    


17. 
    ^ "FIFA to pay tribute to British football at International Football Association Board meeting in London". 2004-02-13. Retrieved 2019-01-15.
    


18. 
    ^ "FIFA Executive Committee and 118th International Football Association Board AGM Media Accreditation Request". Retrieved 2019-01-15.
    


19. 
    ^ "Agenda: 128th Annual General Meeting of the International Football Association Board" (PDF). Retrieved 2019-01-15.
    


20. 
    ^ "Minutes: 129th Annual General Meeting of the International Football Association Board" (PDF). Retrieved 2019-01-15.
    


21. 
    ^ "Irish Football Association: Activity Report 2014-2015" (PDF). p. 20. Retrieved 2019-01-15.
    


22. 
    ^ "Agenda: 130th Annual General Meeting of the International Football Association Board" (PDF). Retrieved 2019-01-15.
    


23. 
    ^ "Agenda: 131st Annual General Meeting of the International Football Association Board" (PDF). Retrieved 2019-01-15.
    


24. 
    ^ "132nd IFAB Annual General Meeting Agenda" (PDF). Retrieved 2019-01-15.
    


25. 
    ^ "SFA top brass will attend IFAB meeting to discuss rule changes". Retrieved 2019-03-03.
    

External links

• Official website


• 
  History of IFAB, including minutes of the meetings Soccer South Bay Referee Association


• 
  FIFA/IFAB paper on the role of the IFAB FIFA

v t e Laws of the Game (rules of association football)
Terms	Law 1: The Field of Play Law 2: The Ball Law 3: The Number of Players Law 4: The Players' Equipment Law 5: The Referee Law 6: The Other Match Officials Law 7: The Duration of the Match Law 8: The Start and Restart of Play Law 9: The Ball In and Out of Play Law 10: Determining the Outcome of a Match Law 11: Offside Law 12: Fouls and Misconduct Law 13: Free kicks (direct and indirect) Law 14: The Penalty Kick Law 15: The Throw-In Law 16: The Goal Kick Law 17: The Corner Kick
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