疏勒国




















西域歷史
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中國歷史上的新疆
新疆歷史

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疏勒国，古代西域绿洲国家。古代居民属印欧种，似操印欧语系语言，自9、10世纪，人种和语言逐渐回鹘化。


疏附的维吾尔语名称是Kona Sheher，意为“老城子”，与疏勒县维语名称Yengi Sheher，“新城子”对应，证明这一对“城子”在印欧塞种语言还是当地语言时，已经有“新老城子”的对应了。在塞种语言中，“疏”对应汉语“城子”，“附”对应汉语“老”，“勒”对应汉语“新”。




疏勒位置



历史


西汉时，疏勒国力不强；到了東漢，更一度受到龜茲的控制。班超出使西域，亦長期以疏勒為根據地。


到了三国时代，疏勒兼并桢中、莎车、竭石、渠沙等十二国，与龟兹、于阗、焉耆、鄯善并为西域大国。


到了2世纪，印度贵霜王迦膩色伽一世於疏勒大力传播佛教。


國王姓裴氏，於唐朝時也曾向唐太宗奉獻音樂人才。疏勒屬於唐朝的安西四鎮之一，唐朝任命其國王為都督府長官，同時派漢人擔任屬下。盛时辖境包括今新疆喀什、疏勒、疏附、伽师、英吉沙、岳普湖、阿图什、乌恰、阿克陶、塔什库尔干等县市。都疏勒城，唐称迦师城（今地不明）。


6世纪中叶以后，被突厥控制，每年向其纳贡。


658年，唐平定西突厥阿史那贺鲁之乱，以疏勒为安西四镇之一，隶属安西都护府。疏勒王室与唐往来密切。后来，为吐蕃所占领。


宋代以后，疏勒主要处在西迁的突厥族葛逻禄部和以后到来的一部分回鹘部的控制之下。



疏勒君主列表


疏勒（70-788）




  • 成 （3） 庚午 70


  • 兜题 （2） 癸酉 72


  • 忠 （10） 甲戌 74


  • 成大 （32） 甲申 84


  • 安国 （9） 丙辰 116


  • 遗腹 （2） 乙丑 125


  • 臣磐 （42） 丁卯 127


  • 和得 （3） 戊申 168




  • 阿弥厥 （13） 乙丑 605


  • 裴绰 （9） 戊寅 618


  • 裴阿摩支 （71） 丁亥 627


  • 裴夷健 （30） 戊戌 698


  • 裴安定 （25） 戊辰 728


  • 裴国良 （31） 癸巳 753


  • 裴冷冷 （4） 甲子 784




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