Dioscorea








































Dioscorea

Dioscorea balcanica BotGardBln310505.jpg

Dioscorea balcanica

Scientific classification edit
Kingdom:
Plantae

Clade:
Angiosperms

Clade:
Monocots
Order:
Dioscoreales
Family:
Dioscoreaceae
Genus:
Dioscorea
L.
Sections

  • Enantiophyllum


Synonyms[1]



  • Tamus L.


  • Ricophora Mill.


  • Tamnus Mill.


  • Oncus Lour.


  • Ubium J.F.Gmel.


  • Oncorhiza Pers.


  • Testudinaria Salisb. ex Burch.


  • Rhizemys Raf.


  • Botryosicyos Hochst.


  • Helmia Kunth


  • Sismondaea Delponte


  • Epipetrum Phil.


  • Borderea Miégev.


  • Elephantodon Salisb.


  • Hamatris Salisb.


  • Merione Salisb.


  • Polynome Salisb.


  • Strophis Salisb.


  • Higinbothamia Uline


  • Nanarepenta Matuda


  • Hyperocarpa (Uline) G.M.Barroso, E.F.Guim. & Sucre



Dioscorea is a genus of over 600 species of flowering plants in the family Dioscoreaceae, native throughout the tropical and warm temperate regions of the world. The vast majority of the species are tropical, with only a few species extending into temperate climates.[1][2][3][4] It is named after the ancient Greek physician and botanist Dioscorides.




Contents






  • 1 Description


  • 2 Cultivation and uses


  • 3 Accepted species (613), subspecies, and varieties


  • 4 See also


  • 5 References


  • 6 Bibliography


  • 7 External links





Description


They are tuberous herbaceous perennial lianas, growing to 2–12 metres (6.6–39.4 ft) or more tall. The leaves are spirally arranged, mostly broad heart-shaped. The flowers are individually inconspicuous, greenish-yellow, with six petals; they are mostly dioecious, with separate male and female plants, though a few species are monoecious, with male and female flowers on the same plant. The fruit is a capsule in most species, a soft berry in a few species.[5][6]



Cultivation and uses


Several species, known as yams, are important agricultural crops in tropical regions, grown for their large tubers. Many of these are toxic when fresh, but can be detoxified and eaten, and are particularly important in parts of Africa, Asia, and Oceania (see yam article).


One class of toxins found in many species is steroidal saponins, which can be converted through a series of chemical reactions into steroid hormones for use in medicine and as contraceptives.


The 1889 book 'The Useful Native Plants of Australia records that Dioscorea hastifolia is "One of the hardiest of the yams. The tubers are largely consumed by the local aborigines for food. (Mueller)."[7]



Accepted species (613), subspecies, and varieties


The genus includes the following species and subspecies:[citation needed]






  1. Dioscorea abysmophila Maguire & Steyerm.


  2. Dioscorea abyssinica Hochst. ex Kunth


  3. Dioscorea acanthogene Rusby


  4. Dioscorea acerifolia Phil.


  5. Dioscorea acuminata Baker


  6. Dioscorea adenantha Uline


  7. Dioscorea aesculifolia R.Knuth


  8. Dioscorea aguilarii Standl. & Steyerm.


  9. Dioscorea alata L.


  10. Dioscorea alatipes Burkill & H.Perrier


  11. Dioscorea althaeoides R.Knuth


  12. Dioscorea altissima Lam.


  13. Dioscorea amaranthoides C.Presl


  14. Dioscorea amazonum Mart. ex Griseb.


  15. Dioscorea amazonum var. klugii (R.Knuth) Ayala


  16. Dioscorea amoena R.Knuth


  17. Dioscorea analalavensis Jum. & H.Perrier


  18. Dioscorea ancachsensis R.Knuth


  19. Dioscorea andina Phil.


  20. Dioscorea andromedusae O.Téllez


  21. Dioscorea angustifolia Rusby


  22. Dioscorea anomala Griseb.


  23. Dioscorea antaly Jum. & H.Perrier


  24. Dioscorea antucoana Uline ex R.Knuth


  25. Dioscorea arachidna Prain & Burkill


  26. Dioscorea araucana Phil.


  27. Dioscorea arcuatinervis Hochr.


  28. Dioscorea argyrogyna Uline ex R.Knuth


  29. Dioscorea arifolia C.Presl


  30. Dioscorea aristolochiifolia Poepp.


  31. Dioscorea arnensis R. Knuth


  32. Dioscorea asclepiadea Prain & Burkill


  33. Dioscorea aspera Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.


  34. Dioscorea aspersa Prain & Burkill


  35. Dioscorea asperula Pedralli


  36. Dioscorea asteriscus Burkill


  37. Dioscorea atrescens R.Knuth


  38. Dioscorea auriculata Poepp.


  39. Dioscorea bahiensis R.Knuth


  40. Dioscorea bako Wilkin


  41. Dioscorea balcanica Košanin


  42. Dioscorea bancana Prain & Burkill


  43. Dioscorea banzhuana S.J.Pei & C.T.Ting


  44. Dioscorea bartlettii C.V.Morton


  45. Dioscorea basiclavicaulis Rizzini & A.Mattos


  46. Dioscorea baya De Wild.


  47. Dioscorea beecheyi R.Knuth


  48. Dioscorea belophylla (Prain) Voigt ex Haines


  49. Dioscorea bemandry Jum. & H.Perrier


  50. Dioscorea bemarivensis Jum. & H.Perrier


  51. Dioscorea benthamii Prain & Burkill


  52. Dioscorea berenicea McVaugh


  53. Dioscorea bermejensis R.Knuth


  54. Dioscorea bernoulliana Prain & Burkill


  55. Dioscorea besseriana Kunth


  56. Dioscorea beyrichii R.Knuth


  57. Dioscorea bicolor Prain & Burkill


  58. Dioscorea biformifolia S.J.Pei & C.T.Ting


  59. Dioscorea biloba (Phil.) Caddick & Wilkin


  60. Dioscorea biplicata R.Knuth


  61. Dioscorea birmanica Prain & Burkill


  62. Dioscorea birschelii Harms ex R.Knuth


  63. Dioscorea blumei Prain & Burkill


  64. Dioscorea bolivarensis Steyerm.


  65. Dioscorea bonii Prain & Burkill


  66. Dioscorea bosseri Haigh & Wilkin


  67. Dioscorea brachybotrya Poepp.


  68. Dioscorea brachystachya Phil.


  69. Dioscorea bradei R.Knuth


  70. Dioscorea brandisii Prain & Burkill


  71. Dioscorea brevipetiolata Prain & Burkill


  72. Dioscorea bridgesii Griseb. ex Kunth


  73. Dioscorea brownii Schinz


  74. Dioscorea bryoniifolia Poepp.


  75. Dioscorea buchananii Benth.


  76. Dioscorea buckleyana Wilkin


  77. Dioscorea bulbifera L.


  78. Dioscorea bulbotricha Hand.-Mazz.


  79. Dioscorea burchellii Baker


  80. Dioscorea burkilliana J.Miège


  81. Dioscorea cachipuertensis Ayala


  82. Dioscorea calcicola Prain & Burkill


  83. Dioscorea caldasensis R.Knuth


  84. Dioscorea calderillensis R.Knuth


  85. Dioscorea callacatensis R.Knuth


  86. Dioscorea cambodiana Prain & Burkill


  87. Dioscorea campanulata Uline ex R.Knuth


  88. Dioscorea campestris Griseb.


  89. Dioscorea campos-portoi R.Knuth


  90. Dioscorea carionis Prain & Burkill


  91. Dioscorea carpomaculata O.Téllez & B.G.Schub.


  92. Dioscorea carpomaculata var. cinerea (Uline ex R.Knuth) O.Téllez & B.G.Schub.


  93. Dioscorea castilloniana Hauman


  94. Dioscorea catharinensis R.Knuth


  95. Dioscorea caucasica Lipsky


  96. Dioscorea cavenensis Lam.


  97. Dioscorea cayennensis Lam.


  98. Dioscorea cayennensis subsp. rotundata (Poir.) J.Miège; syn.: D. rotundata Poir.


  99. Dioscorea ceratandra Uline ex R.Knuth


  100. Dioscorea chacoensis R.Knuth


  101. Dioscorea chagllaensis R.Knuth


  102. Dioscorea chancayensis R.Knuth


  103. Dioscorea chaponensis R.Knuth


  104. Dioscorea chiapasensis Matuda


  105. Dioscorea chimborazensis R.Knuth


  106. Dioscorea chingii Prain & Burkill


  107. Dioscorea choriandra Uline ex R.Knuth


  108. Dioscorea chouardii Gaussen


  109. Dioscorea cienegensis R.Knuth


  110. Dioscorea cinnamomifolia Hook.


  111. Dioscorea cirrhosa Lour.


  112. Dioscorea cissophylla Phil.


  113. Dioscorea claessensii De Wild.


  114. Dioscorea claussenii Uline ex R.Knuth


  115. Dioscorea claytonii Ayala


  116. Dioscorea cochleariapiculata De Wild.


  117. Dioscorea collettii Hook.f.


  118. Dioscorea collettii var. hypoglauca (Palib.) S.J.Pei & C.T.Ting


  119. Dioscorea communis (L.) Caddick & Wilkin


  120. Dioscorea commutata R.Knuth


  121. Dioscorea comorensis R.Knuth


  122. Dioscorea composita Hemsl.


  123. Dioscorea contracta R.Knuth


  124. Dioscorea convolvulacea Cham. & Schltdl.


  125. Dioscorea convolvulacea subsp. grandifolia (Schltdl.) Uline ex R.Knuth


  126. Dioscorea conzattii R.Knuth


  127. Dioscorea cordifolia Laness.


  128. Dioscorea coreana (Prain & Burkill) R.Knuth


  129. Dioscorea coriacea Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.


  130. Dioscorea coripatenis J.F.Macbr.


  131. Dioscorea coronata Hauman


  132. Dioscorea cotinifolia Kunth


  133. Dioscorea craibiana Prain & Burkill


  134. Dioscorea crateriflora R.Knuth


  135. Dioscorea crotalariifolia Uline


  136. Dioscorea cruzensis R.Knuth


  137. Dioscorea cubensis R.Knuth


  138. Dioscorea cumingii Prain & Burkill


  139. Dioscorea curitybensis R.Knuth


  140. Dioscorea cuspidata Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.


  141. Dioscorea cuyabensis R.Knuth


  142. Dioscorea cyanisticta J.D.Sm.


  143. Dioscorea cymosula Hemsl.


  144. Dioscorea cyphocarpa C.B.Rob. ex Knuth


  145. Dioscorea daunea Prain & Burkill


  146. Dioscorea davidsei O.Téllez


  147. Dioscorea de-mourae Uline ex R.Knuth


  148. Dioscorea debilis Uline ex R.Knuth


  149. Dioscorea decaryana H.Perrier


  150. Dioscorea decipiens Hook.f.


  151. Dioscorea decorticans C.Presl


  152. Dioscorea deflexa Griseb.


  153. Dioscorea delavayi Franch.


  154. Dioscorea delicata R.Knuth


  155. Dioscorea deltoidea Wall. ex Griseb.


  156. Dioscorea dendrotricha Uline


  157. Dioscorea densiflora Hemsl.


  158. Dioscorea depauperata Prain & Burkill


  159. Dioscorea diamantinensis R.Knuth


  160. Dioscorea dicranandra Donn.Sm.


  161. Dioscorea dielsii R.Knuth


  162. Dioscorea dissimulans Prain & Burkill


  163. Dioscorea divaricata Blanco


  164. Dioscorea diversifolia Griseb.


  165. Dioscorea dodecaneura Vell.


  166. Dioscorea dregeana (Kunth) T.Durand & Schinz


  167. Dioscorea duchassaingii R.Knuth


  168. Dioscorea dugesii C.B.Rob.


  169. Dioscorea dumetorum (Kunth) Pax


  170. Dioscorea dumetosa Uline ex R.Knuth


  171. Dioscorea ekmanii R.Knuth


  172. Dioscorea elegans Ridl. ex Prain & Burkill


  173. Dioscorea elephantipes (L'Hér.) Engl.


  174. Dioscorea entomophila Hauman


  175. Dioscorea epistephioides Taub.


  176. Dioscorea escuintlensis Matuda


  177. Dioscorea esculenta (Lour.) Burkill


  178. Dioscorea esquirolii Prain & Burkill


  179. Dioscorea exalata C.T.Ting & M.C.Chang


  180. Dioscorea fandra H.Perrier


  181. Dioscorea fasciculocongesta (Sosa & B.G.Schub.) O.Téllez


  182. Dioscorea fastigiata Gay


  183. Dioscorea fendleri R.Knuth


  184. Dioscorea ferreyrae Ayala


  185. Dioscorea filiformis Blume


  186. Dioscorea flabellifolia Prain & Burkill


  187. Dioscorea flaccida R.Knuth


  188. Dioscorea floribunda M.Martens & Galeotti


  189. Dioscorea floridana Bartlett


  190. Dioscorea fodinarum Kunth


  191. Dioscorea fordii Prain & Burkill


  192. Dioscorea formosana R.Knuth


  193. Dioscorea fractiflexa R.Knuth


  194. Dioscorea fuliginosa R.Knuth


  195. Dioscorea furcata Griseb.


  196. Dioscorea futschauensis Uline ex R.Knuth


  197. Dioscorea galeottiana Kunth


  198. Dioscorea galiiflora R.Knuth


  199. Dioscorea gallegosi Matuda


  200. Dioscorea garrettii Prain & Burkill


  201. Dioscorea gaumeri R.Knuth


  202. Dioscorea gentryi O.Téllez


  203. Dioscorea gillettii Milne-Redh.


  204. Dioscorea glabra Roxb.


  205. Dioscorea glandulosa (Griseb.) Klotzsch ex Kunth


  206. Dioscorea glandulosa var. calcensis (R.Knuth) Ayala


  207. Dioscorea glomerulata Hauman


  208. Dioscorea gomez-pompae O.Téllez


  209. Dioscorea gracilicaulis R.Knuth


  210. Dioscorea gracilipes Prain & Burkill


  211. Dioscorea gracilis Hook. ex Poepp.


  212. Dioscorea gracillima Miq.


  213. Dioscorea grandiflora Mart. ex Griseb.


  214. Dioscorea grandis R.Knuth


  215. Dioscorea grata Prain & Burkill


  216. Dioscorea gribinguiensis Baudon


  217. Dioscorea grisebachii Kunth


  218. Dioscorea guerrerensis R.Knuth


  219. Dioscorea guianensis R.Knuth


  220. Dioscorea haenkeana C.Presl


  221. Dioscorea hamiltonii Hook.f.


  222. Dioscorea hassleriana Chodat


  223. Dioscorea hastata Mill.


  224. Dioscorea hastatissima Rusby


  225. Dioscorea hastifolia Nees


  226. Dioscorea hastiformis R.Knuth


  227. Dioscorea haumanii Xifreda


  228. Dioscorea havilandii Prain & Burkill


  229. Dioscorea hebridensis R.Knuth


  230. Dioscorea hemicrypta Burkill


  231. Dioscorea hemsleyi Prain & Burkill


  232. Dioscorea heptaneura Vell.


  233. Dioscorea herbert-smithii Rusby


  234. Dioscorea herzogii R.Knuth


  235. Dioscorea heteropoda Baker


  236. Dioscorea hexagona Baker


  237. Dioscorea hieronymi Uline ex R.Knuth


  238. Dioscorea hintonii R.Knuth


  239. Dioscorea hirtiflora Benth.


  240. Dioscorea hirtiflora subsp. orientalis Milne-Redh.


  241. Dioscorea hispida Dennst.


  242. Dioscorea holmioidea Maury


  243. Dioscorea hombuka H.Perrier


  244. Dioscorea hondurensis R.Knuth


  245. Dioscorea howardiana O.Téllez, B.G.Schub. & Geeta


  246. Dioscorea humifusa Poepp.


  247. Dioscorea humilis Bertero ex Colla


  248. Dioscorea humilis subsp. polyanthes (F.Phil.) Viruel, Segarra & Villar


  249. Dioscorea hunzikeri Xifreda


  250. Dioscorea igualamontana Matuda


  251. Dioscorea incayensis R.Knuth


  252. Dioscorea inopinata Prain & Burkill


  253. Dioscorea insignis C.V.Morton & B.G.Schub.


  254. Dioscorea intermedia Thwaites


  255. Dioscorea ionophylla Uline ex R.Knuth


  256. Dioscorea iquitosensis R.Knuth


  257. Dioscorea irupanensis R.Knuth


  258. Dioscorea itapirensis R.Knuth


  259. Dioscorea itatiensis R.Knuth


  260. Dioscorea jaliscana S.Watson


  261. Dioscorea jamesonii R.Knuth


  262. Dioscorea japonica Thunb. - Shan yao in Chinese (Chinese: 山药; pinyin: Shān yào)


  263. Dioscorea javariensis Ayala


  264. Dioscorea juxtlahuacensis (O.Téllez & Dávila) Caddick & Wilkin


  265. Dioscorea kalkapershadii Prain & Burkill


  266. Dioscorea kamoonensis Kunth


  267. Dioscorea keduensis Burkill ex Backer


  268. Dioscorea kerrii Prain & Burkill


  269. Dioscorea killipii R.Knuth


  270. Dioscorea kimiae Wilkin


  271. Dioscorea kingii R.Knuth


  272. Dioscorea kituiensis Wilkin & Muasya


  273. Dioscorea kjellbergii R.Knuth


  274. Dioscorea knuthiana De Wild.


  275. Dioscorea koepperi Standl.


  276. Dioscorea koyamae Jayas.


  277. Dioscorea kratica Prain & Burkill


  278. Dioscorea kunthiana Uline


  279. Dioscorea kuntzei Uline ex Kuntze


  280. Dioscorea lacerdaei Griseb.


  281. Dioscorea laevis Uline


  282. Dioscorea lamprocaula Prain & Burkill


  283. Dioscorea lanata Bail


  284. Dioscorea larecajensis Uline ex R.Knuth


  285. Dioscorea laurifolia Wall. ex Hook.f.


  286. Dioscorea lawrancei R.Knuth


  287. Dioscorea laxiflora Mart. ex Griseb.


  288. Dioscorea lehmannii Uline


  289. Dioscorea lepcharum Prain & Burkill


  290. Dioscorea lepida C.V.Morton


  291. Dioscorea leptobotrys Uline ex R.Knuth


  292. Dioscorea liebmannii Uline


  293. Dioscorea lijiangensis C.L.Long & H.Li


  294. Dioscorea linearicordata Prain & Burkill


  295. Dioscorea lisae Dorr & Stergios


  296. Dioscorea listeri Prain & Burkill


  297. Dioscorea litoralis Phil.


  298. Dioscorea loefgrenii R.Knuth


  299. Dioscorea loheri Prain & Burkill


  300. Dioscorea longicuspis R.Knuth


  301. Dioscorea longipes Phil.


  302. Dioscorea longirhiza Caddick & Wilkin


  303. Dioscorea longituba Uline


  304. Dioscorea lundii Uline ex R.Knuth


  305. Dioscorea luzonensis Schauer


  306. Dioscorea macbrideana R.Knuth


  307. Dioscorea maciba Jum. & H.Perrier


  308. Dioscorea macrantha Uline ex R.Knuth


  309. Dioscorea macrothyrsa Uline


  310. Dioscorea macvaughii B.G.Schub.


  311. Dioscorea madecassa H.Perrier


  312. Dioscorea madiunensis Prain & Burkill


  313. Dioscorea maianthemoides Uline ex R.Knuth


  314. Dioscorea mamillata Jum. & H.Perrier


  315. Dioscorea mandonii Rusby


  316. Dioscorea mangenotiana J.Miège


  317. Dioscorea mantigueirensis R.Knuth


  318. Dioscorea margarethia G.M.Barroso, E.F.Guim. & Sucre


  319. Dioscorea marginata Griseb.


  320. Dioscorea martensis R.Knuth


  321. Dioscorea martiana Griseb.


  322. Dioscorea martini Prain & Burkill


  323. Dioscorea matagalpensis Uline


  324. Dioscorea matudae O.Téllez & B.G.Schub.


  325. Dioscorea mayottensis Wilkin


  326. Dioscorea megacarpa Gleason


  327. Dioscorea megalantha Griseb.


  328. Dioscorea melanophyma Prain & Burkill


  329. Dioscorea melastomatifolia Uline ex Prain


  330. Dioscorea membranacea Pierre ex Prain & Burkill


  331. Dioscorea menglaensis H.Li


  332. Dioscorea meridensis Kunth


  333. Dioscorea merrillii Prain & Burkill


  334. Dioscorea mesoamericana O.Téllez & Mart.-Rodr.


  335. Dioscorea mexicana Scheidw.


  336. Dioscorea microbotrya Griseb.


  337. Dioscorea microcephala Uline


  338. Dioscorea microura R.Knuth


  339. Dioscorea mindanaensis R.Knuth


  340. Dioscorea minima C.B.Rob. & Seaton


  341. Dioscorea minutiflora Engl.


  342. Dioscorea mitis C.V.Morton


  343. Dioscorea mitoensis R.Knuth


  344. Dioscorea modesta Phil.


  345. Dioscorea mollis Kunth


  346. Dioscorea monadelpha (Kunth) Griseb.


  347. Dioscorea × monandra Hauman


  348. Dioscorea morelosana (Uline) Matuda


  349. Dioscorea moritziana (Kunth) R.Knuth


  350. Dioscorea mosqueirensis R.Knuth


  351. Dioscorea moultonii Prain & Burkill


  352. Dioscorea moyobambensis R.Knuth


  353. Dioscorea mucronata Uline ex R.Knuth


  354. Dioscorea multiflora Mart. ex Griseb.


  355. Dioscorea multiloba Kunth


  356. Dioscorea multinervis Benth.


  357. Dioscorea mundii Baker


  358. Dioscorea nako H.Perrier


  359. Dioscorea namorokensis Wilkin


  360. Dioscorea nana Poepp.


  361. Dioscorea nanlaensis H.Li


  362. Dioscorea natalensis R.Knuth


  363. Dioscorea natalia Hammel


  364. Dioscorea neblinensis Maguire & Steyerm.


  365. Dioscorea nelsonii Uline ex R.Knuth


  366. Dioscorea nematodes Uline ex R.Knuth


  367. Dioscorea nervata R.Knuth


  368. Dioscorea nervosa Phil.


  369. Dioscorea nicolasensis R.Knuth


  370. Dioscorea nieuwenhuisii Prain & Burkill


  371. Dioscorea nipensis R.A.Howard


  372. Dioscorea nipponica Makino


  373. Dioscorea nitens Prain & Burkill


  374. Dioscorea nuda R.Knuth


  375. Dioscorea nummularia Lam.


  376. Dioscorea nutans R.Knuth


  377. Dioscorea oaxacensis Uline


  378. Dioscorea obcuneata Hook.f.


  379. Dioscorea oblonga Gleason


  380. Dioscorea oblongifolia Rusby


  381. Dioscorea obtusifolia Hook. & Arn.


  382. Dioscorea olfersiana Klotzsch ex Griseb.


  383. Dioscorea oligophylla Phil.


  384. Dioscorea omiltemensis O.Téllez


  385. Dioscorea opaca R.Knuth


  386. Dioscorea oppositiflora Griseb.


  387. Dioscorea oppositifolia L. - Shan yao in Chinese (Chinese: 山药; pinyin: Shān yào)


  388. Dioscorea orangeana Wilkin[8]


  389. Dioscorea orbiculata Hook.f.


  390. Dioscorea orbiculata var. tenuifolia (Ridl.) Thapyai


  391. Dioscorea oreodoxa B.G.Schub.


  392. Dioscorea organensis R.Knuth


  393. Dioscorea orientalis (J.Thiébaut) Caddick & Wilkin


  394. Dioscorea orizabensis Uline


  395. Dioscorea orthogoneura Uline ex Hochr.


  396. Dioscorea oryzetorum Prain & Burkill


  397. Dioscorea ovalifolia R.Knuth


  398. Dioscorea ovata Vell.


  399. Dioscorea ovinala Baker


  400. Dioscorea palawana Prain & Burkill


  401. Dioscorea paleata Burkill


  402. Dioscorea pallens Schltdl.


  403. Dioscorea pallidinervia R.Knuth


  404. Dioscorea palmeri R.Knuth


  405. Dioscorea panamensis R.Knuth


  406. Dioscorea panthaica Prain & Burkill


  407. Dioscorea pantojensis R.Knuth


  408. Dioscorea paradoxa Prain & Burkill


  409. Dioscorea pavonii Uline ex R.Knuth


  410. Dioscorea pedicellata Phil.


  411. Dioscorea pencana Phil.


  412. Dioscorea pendula Poepp. ex Kunth


  413. Dioscorea pentaphylla L.


  414. Dioscorea peperoides Prain & Burkill


  415. Dioscorea perdicum Taub.


  416. Dioscorea perenensis R.Knuth


  417. Dioscorea perpilosa H.Perrier


  418. Dioscorea petelotii Prain & Burkill


  419. Dioscorea philippiana Uline ex R.Knuth


  420. Dioscorea piauhyensis R.Knuth


  421. Dioscorea pierrei Prain & Burkill


  422. Dioscorea pilcomayensis Hauman


  423. Dioscorea pilgeriana R.Knuth


  424. Dioscorea pilosiuscula Bertero ex Spreng.


  425. Dioscorea pinedensis R.Knuth


  426. Dioscorea piperifolia Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.


  427. Dioscorea piscatorum Prain & Burkill


  428. Dioscorea pittieri R.Knuth


  429. Dioscorea planistipulosa Uline ex R.Knuth


  430. Dioscorea plantaginifolia R.Knuth


  431. Dioscorea platycarpa Prain & Burkill


  432. Dioscorea platycolpota Uline ex B.L.Rob.


  433. Dioscorea plumifera C.B.Rob.


  434. Dioscorea pohlii Griseb.


  435. Dioscorea pohlii var. luschnathiana (Kunth) Uline ex R.Knuth


  436. Dioscorea poilanei Prain & Burkill


  437. Dioscorea polyclados Hook.f.


  438. Dioscorea polygonoides Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.


  439. Dioscorea polystachya Turcz. (also: Dioscorea batatas Decne)


  440. Dioscorea pomeroonensis R.Knuth


  441. Dioscorea potarensis R.Knuth


  442. Dioscorea praehensilis Benth.


  443. Dioscorea prainiana R.Knuth


  444. Dioscorea prazeri Prain & Burkill


  445. Dioscorea preslii Steud.


  446. Dioscorea preussii Pax


  447. Dioscorea preussii subsp. hylophila (Harms) Wilkin


  448. Dioscorea pringlei C.B.Rob.


  449. Dioscorea proteiformis H.Perrier


  450. Dioscorea psammophila R.Knuth


  451. Dioscorea pseudomacrocapsa G.M.Barroso, E.F.Guim. & Sucre


  452. Dioscorea pseudorajanioides R.Knuth


  453. Dioscorea pseudotomentosa Prain & Burkill


  454. Dioscorea pteropoda Boivin ex H.Perrier


  455. Dioscorea pubera Blume


  456. Dioscorea pubescens Poir.


  457. Dioscorea pumicicola Uline


  458. Dioscorea pumilio Griseb.


  459. Dioscorea puncticulata R.Knuth


  460. Dioscorea purdiei R.Knuth


  461. Dioscorea putisensis R.Knuth


  462. Dioscorea putumayensis R.Knuth


  463. Dioscorea pynaertii De Wild.


  464. Dioscorea pyrenaica Bubani & Bordère ex Gren.


  465. Dioscorea pyrifolia Kunth


  466. Dioscorea quartiniana A.Rich.


  467. Dioscorea quaternata J.F. Gmel.


  468. Dioscorea quinquelobata Thunb.


  469. Dioscorea quispicanchensis R.Knuth


  470. Dioscorea racemosa (Klotzsch) Uline


  471. Dioscorea regnellii Uline ex R.Knuth


  472. Dioscorea remota C.V.Morton


  473. Dioscorea remotiflora Kunth


  474. Dioscorea reticulata Gay


  475. Dioscorea retusa Mast.


  476. Dioscorea reversiflora Uline


  477. Dioscorea ridleyi Prain & Burkill


  478. Dioscorea riedelii R.Knuth


  479. Dioscorea rigida R.Knuth


  480. Dioscorea rimbachii R.Knuth


  481. Dioscorea rockii Prain & Burkill


  482. Dioscorea rosei R.Knuth


  483. Dioscorea rumicoides Griseb.


  484. Dioscorea rupicola Kunth


  485. Dioscorea rusbyi Uline


  486. Dioscorea sabarensis R.Knuth


  487. Dioscorea sagittata Poir.


  488. Dioscorea sagittifolia Pax


  489. Dioscorea sagittifolia var. lecardii (De Wild.) Nkounkou


  490. Dioscorea salicifolia Blume


  491. Dioscorea salvadorensis Standl.


  492. Dioscorea sambiranensis R.Knuth


  493. Dioscorea sanchez-colini Matuda


  494. Dioscorea sandiensis R.Knuth


  495. Dioscorea sandwithii B.G.Schub.


  496. Dioscorea sanpaulensis R.Knuth


  497. Dioscorea sansibarensis Pax


  498. Dioscorea santanderensis R.Knuth


  499. Dioscorea santosensis R.Knuth


  500. Dioscorea sarasinii Uline ex R.Knuth


  501. Dioscorea saxatilis Poepp.


  502. Dioscorea scabra Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.


  503. Dioscorea schimperiana Hochst. ex Kunth


  504. Dioscorea schubertiae Ayala


  505. Dioscorea schunkei Ayala & T.Clayton


  506. Dioscorea schwackei Uline ex R.Knuth


  507. Dioscorea scortechinii Prain & Burkill


  508. Dioscorea secunda R.Knuth


  509. Dioscorea sellowiana Uline ex R.Knuth


  510. Dioscorea semperflorens Uline


  511. Dioscorea septemloba Thunb.


  512. Dioscorea septemnervis Vell.


  513. Dioscorea sericea R.Knuth


  514. Dioscorea seriflora Jum. & H.Perrier


  515. Dioscorea serpenticola Hoque & P.K.Mukh.


  516. Dioscorea sessiliflora McVaugh


  517. Dioscorea sexrimata Burkill


  518. Dioscorea simulans Prain & Burkill


  519. Dioscorea sincorensis R.Knuth


  520. Dioscorea sinoparviflora C.T.Ting, M.G.Gilbert & Turland


  521. Dioscorea sinuata Vell.


  522. Dioscorea sitamiana Prain & Burkill


  523. Dioscorea skottsbergii R.Knuth


  524. Dioscorea smilacifolia De Wild. & T.Durand


  525. Dioscorea sonlaensis R.Knuth


  526. Dioscorea sororopana Steyerm.


  527. Dioscorea soso Jum. & H.Perrier


  528. Dioscorea soso var. trichopoda (Jum. & H.Perrier) Burkill & H.Perrier


  529. Dioscorea spectabilis R.Knuth


  530. Dioscorea spicata Roth


  531. Dioscorea spiculiflora Hemsl.


  532. Dioscorea spiculoides Matuda


  533. Dioscorea spongiosa J.Q.Xi, M.Mizuno & W.L.Zhao


  534. Dioscorea sprucei Uline ex R.Knuth


  535. Dioscorea standleyi C.V.Morton


  536. Dioscorea stegelmanniana R.Knuth


  537. Dioscorea stellaris R.Knuth


  538. Dioscorea stemonoides Prain & Burkill


  539. Dioscorea stenocolpus Phil.


  540. Dioscorea stenomeriflora Prain & Burkill


  541. Dioscorea stenopetala Hauman


  542. Dioscorea stenophylla Uline


  543. Dioscorea sterilis O.Weber & Wilkin


  544. Dioscorea stipulosa Uline ex R.Knuth


  545. Dioscorea subcalva Prain & Burkill


  546. Dioscorea subhastata Vell.


  547. Dioscorea sublignosa R.Knuth


  548. Dioscorea submigra R.Knuth


  549. Dioscorea subtomentosa Miranda


  550. Dioscorea sumatrana Prain & Burkill


  551. Dioscorea sumiderensis B.G.Schub. & O.Téllez


  552. Dioscorea suratensis R.Knuth


  553. Dioscorea sylvatica Eckl.


  554. Dioscorea synandra Uline


  555. Dioscorea syringifolia (Kunth) Kunth & R.H.Schomb. ex R.Knuth


  556. Dioscorea tabatae Hatus. ex Yamashita & M.N.Tamura


  557. Dioscorea tacanensis Lundell


  558. Dioscorea tamarisciflora Prain & Burkill


  559. Dioscorea tamoidea Griseb.


  560. Dioscorea tamshiyacuensis Ayala


  561. Dioscorea tancitarensis Matuda


  562. Dioscorea tarijensis R.Knuth


  563. Dioscorea tarmensis R.Knuth


  564. Dioscorea tauriglossum R.Knuth


  565. Dioscorea tayacajensis R.Knuth


  566. Dioscorea temascaltepecensis R.Knuth


  567. Dioscorea tenebrosa C.V.Morton


  568. Dioscorea tenella Phil.


  569. Dioscorea tentaculigera Prain & Burkill


  570. Dioscorea tenuipes Franch. & Sav.


  571. Dioscorea tenuiphyllum R.Knuth


  572. Dioscorea tenuis R.Knuth


  573. Dioscorea tequendamensis R.Knuth


  574. Dioscorea ternata Griseb.


  575. Dioscorea therezopolensis Uline ex R.Knuth


  576. Dioscorea togoensis R.Knuth


  577. Dioscorea tokoro Makino ex Miyabe


  578. Dioscorea toldosensis R.Knuth


  579. Dioscorea tomentosa J.Koenig ex Spreng.


  580. Dioscorea torticaulis R.Knuth


  581. Dioscorea trachyandra Griseb.


  582. Dioscorea trachycarpa Kunth


  583. Dioscorea traillii R.Knuth


  584. Dioscorea transversa R.Br.


  585. Dioscorea triandria Sessé & Moc.


  586. Dioscorea trichantha Baker


  587. Dioscorea trichanthera Gleason


  588. Dioscorea trifida L.f.


  589. Dioscorea trifoliata Kunth


  590. Dioscorea trifurcata Hauman


  591. Dioscorea trilinguis Griseb.


  592. Dioscorea trimenii Prain & Burkill


  593. Dioscorea trinervia Roxb. ex Prain & Burkill


  594. Dioscorea trisecta Griseb.


  595. Dioscorea trollii R.Knuth


  596. Dioscorea truncata Miq.


  597. Dioscorea tsaratananensis H.Perrier


  598. Dioscorea tubiperianthia Matuda


  599. Dioscorea tubuliflora Uline ex R.Knuth


  600. Dioscorea tubulosa Griseb.


  601. Dioscorea uliginosa Phil.


  602. Dioscorea ulinei Greenm. ex R.Knuth


  603. Dioscorea undatiloba Baker


  604. Dioscorea urceolata Uline


  605. Dioscorea urophylla Hemsl.


  606. Dioscorea uruapanensis Matuda


  607. Dioscorea valdiviensis R.Knuth


  608. Dioscorea vanvuurenii Prain & Burkill


  609. Dioscorea variifolia Bertero


  610. Dioscorea velutipes Prain & Burkill


  611. Dioscorea vexans Prain & Burkill


  612. Dioscorea vilis Kunth


  613. Dioscorea villosa L.


  614. Dioscorea volckmannii Phil.


  615. Dioscorea wallichii Hook.f.


  616. Dioscorea warburgiana Uline ex Prain & Burkill


  617. Dioscorea warmingii R.Knuth


  618. Dioscorea wattii Prain & Burkill


  619. Dioscorea weberbaueri R.Knuth


  620. Dioscorea widgrenii R.Knuth


  621. Dioscorea wightii Hook.f.


  622. Dioscorea wittiana R.Knuth


  623. Dioscorea wrightii Uline ex R.Knuth


  624. Dioscorea xizangensis C.T.Ting


  625. Dioscorea yunnanensis Prain & Burkill


  626. Dioscorea zingiberensis C.H.Wright




The closely related genus Tamus is included in Dioscorea by some sources,[9] but is maintained as distinct by others.[10] For Dioscorea communis (L.) Caddick & Wilkin, see Tamus communis.



See also


  • Yams


References





  1. ^ ab "World Checklist of Selected Plant Families: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew". apps.kew.org. Retrieved 2017-01-23..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  2. ^ Govaerts, R., Wilkin, P. & Saunders, R.M.K. (2007). World Checklist of Dioscoreales. Yams and their allies: 1-65. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.


  3. ^ Wilkin, P. & Thapyai, C. (2009). Flora of Thailand 10(1): 1-140. The Forest Herbarium, National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department, Bangkok.


  4. ^ "Dioscorea communis [Tamaro]". luirig.altervista.org (in Italian). Retrieved 2017-01-23.


  5. ^ "Dioscorea in Flora of North America @ efloras.org". www.efloras.org. Retrieved 2017-01-23.


  6. ^ "Dioscorea in Flora of China @ efloras.org". www.efloras.org. Retrieved 2017-01-23.


  7. ^ J. H. Maiden (1889). The useful native plants of Australia : Including Tasmania. Turner and Henderson, Sydney.


  8. ^ Wilkin, Paul; Annette Hladik; Odile Weber; Claude Marcel Hladik; Vololoniana Jeannoda (September 2009). "Dioscorea orangeana (Dioscoreaceae), a new and threatened species of edible yam from northern Madagascar". Kew Bulletin. 64 (3): 461–468. doi:10.1007/s12225-009-9126-2. ISSN 1874-933X. Retrieved 10 June 2010.


  9. ^ World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, retrieved 2011-05-28, search for "Tamus"


  10. ^ Stace, Clive (2010), New Flora of the British Isles (3rd ed.), Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-70772-5, p. 854




Bibliography


.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{list-style-type:none;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>dl>dd{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}


  • Flora Europaea: Dioscorea

  • Flora of Pakistan: Dioscorea

  • Schols, P. 2004. Contributions to the palynology and phylogeny of Dioscorea (Dioscoreaceae). PhD thesis KU Leuven.




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