西米







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西米露中的西米


西米又稱西谷米、碩硪米（英语：Sago），是由几种棕榈树樹幹内所储碳水化合物製造的食用淀粉。原料主要来自西米椰属棕榈，尤其是原产於印度尼西亚群岛的西谷椰子（Metroxylon sagu），還有桄榔、酒假桄榔(Caryota urens，即"董棕") 。南美洲生产西米的原料則來自Mauritia flexuosa和Guilielma gasipaes。


西米棕榈生长在低洼沼泽地，通常高9米，幹粗。15年成熟后长出一花穗，茎髓充满淀粉。当果实形成和成熟时，便吸收淀粉，使茎干中空。树在果熟后死去。


栽培的西米棕榈在花穗出现时砍断花穗，從樹幹中取出含淀粉的髓磨成粉，加水在滤器上方揉捏滤去木质纤维，洗涤数次后得西米粉，在当地食用。外运的西米是加水调成糊状，然後搓磨通過筛子，製成颗粒，根据颗粒大小分为珍珠西米或弹丸西米。


西米幾乎是纯淀粉，含88%的碳水化合物、0.5%的蛋白质、少量脂肪及微量维生素B族。在太平洋西南地区，西米是主要食物，用其粗粉做汤、糕饼和布丁。在世界各地，主要的食用方法是製布丁或酱汁增稠剂。纺织工业上用作挺硬剂。



資料內源





规范控制


  • GND: 4343608-0

  • NDL: 01205585







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