Case Western Reserve University

Case Western Reserve University

Motto	Think Beyond the Possible
Type	Private University
Established	1826
Academic affiliations	AAU AICUO URA NACAC
Endowment	$1.80 billion (2017)[1]
President	Barbara R. Snyder
Academic staff	3,501 full-time
Students	11,824
Undergraduates	5,150
Postgraduates	6,674
Location	Cleveland , Ohio , U.S. 41°30′14″N 81°36′29″W / 41.504°N 81.608°W / 41.504; -81.608Coordinates: 41°30′14″N 81°36′29″W / 41.504°N 81.608°W / 41.504; -81.608
Campus	Urban, 155 acres (63 ha)[2]
Colors	Blue, Grey, Black[3]
Nickname	Spartans[4]
Sporting affiliations	NCAA, Division III UAA, PAC – football[5]
Website	www.case.edu

Case Western Reserve University (also known as Case Western Reserve, Case Western, Case, and CWRU) is a private research university in Cleveland, Ohio. It was created in 1967 through the federation of two longstanding contiguous institutions: Western Reserve University, founded in 1826 and named for its location in the Connecticut Western Reserve, and Case Institute of Technology, founded in 1880 through the endowment of Leonard Case, Jr.. Time magazine described the merger as the creation of "Cleveland's Big-Leaguer" university.^[6]

Seventeen Nobel laureates have been affiliated with Case Western Reserve or one of its two predecessors.^[7] In U.S. News & World Report's 2018 rankings, Case Western Reserve was ranked 37th among national universities and 146th among global universities.^[8] In 2016, the inaugural edition of The Wall Street Journal/Times Higher Education (WSJ/THE) ranked Case Western Reserve as 32nd among all universities and 29th among private institutions.^[9]

The campus is approximately 5 miles (8 km) east of Downtown Cleveland in the neighborhood known as University Circle, an area encompassing 550 acres (220 ha) containing what has been called the greatest concentration of educational, medical, and cultural institutions within one square mile of the United States.^[10] Case Western Reserve has a number of programs taught in conjunction with University Circle institutions, including the Cleveland Clinic, the University Hospitals of Cleveland, the Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland Institute of Music, the Cleveland Hearing & Speech Center, the Cleveland Museum of Art, the Cleveland Institute of Art, the Cleveland Museum of Natural History, and the Cleveland Play House. Severance Hall, home of the Cleveland Orchestra, resides on Case Western Reserve campus.

Case Western Reserve is particularly well known for its medical school, business school, dental school, law school, Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing (named for former U.S. Representative Frances P. Bolton), Department of Biomedical Engineering and its biomedical teaching and research capabilities. Case Western Reserve is a member of the Association of American Universities.^[11] Case is a leading institution for research in electrochemistry and electrochemical engineering.

The famous Michelson–Morley interferometer experiment was conducted in 1887 in the basement of a campus dormitory by Albert A. Michelson of Case School of Applied Science and Edward W. Morley of Western Reserve University. This experiment proved the non-existence of the luminiferous ether and was later understood as convincing evidence in support of special relativity as proposed by Albert Einstein in 1905. Michelson became the first American to win a Nobel Prize in science.^[12] The commemorative Michelson-Morley Memorial Fountain as well as an Ohio Historical Marker are located on campus, near where the actual experiment was performed.

Contents

• 
  1 History
  
  
  
  • 
    1.1 Western Reserve University (1826–1967)
    
  
  
  • 
    1.2 Case Institute of Technology (1880–1967)
    
  
  
  • 
    1.3 Federation of two universities
    
  
  
  • 
    1.4 Case Western Reserve University (1967–present)
    
  
  
  • 
    1.5 Presidents
    
  
  
  
  


• 
  2 Campus
  
  
  
  • 
    2.1 Kent H. Smith Quadrangle
    
  
  
  • 
    2.2 Flora Stone Mather Quadrangle
    
  
  
  • 
    2.3 North Residential Village
    
  
  
  • 
    2.4 Village at 115
    
  
  
  • 
    2.5 South Residential Village
    
  
  
  • 
    2.6 Transportation
    
  
  
  • 
    2.7 Parking
    
  
  
  
  


• 
  3 Academics
  
  
  
  • 
    3.1 Rankings
    
  
  
  • 
    3.2 Undergraduate profile
    
  
  
  • 
    3.3 Schools and programs
    
  
  
  • 
    3.4 Sears think[box]
    
  
  
  • 
    3.5 Naming controversy
    
  
  
  • 
    3.6 Student body
    
  
  
  
  


• 
  4 Research
  
  
  
  • 
    4.1 Electrochemistry
    
  
  
  
  


• 
  5 Student life
  
  
  
  • 
    5.1 Music
    
  
  
  • 
    5.2 Computing
    
  
  
  • 
    5.3 Housing
    
  
  
  • 
    5.4 Greek life
    
  
  
  • 
    5.5 Safety and Security
    
    
    
    • 
      5.5.1 Office of Emergency Management
      
    
    
    • 
      5.5.2 Police and Security Services
      
    
    
    • 
      5.5.3 Emergency Medical Services
      
    
    
    
    
  
  
  • 
    5.6 Traditions
    
  
  
  
  


• 
  6 Athletics
  


• 
  7 Notable people
  
  
  
  • 
    7.1 Nobel laureates
    
  
  
  
  


• 
  8 Alumni associations
  


• 
  9 Cultural references
  


• 
  10 See also
  


• 
  11 References
  


• 
  12 External links
  

History

Case Western Reserve University was created in 1967, when Western Reserve University (formerly Western Reserve College) and Case Institute of Technology (formerly Case School of Applied Science), institutions that had been neighbors for 81 years, formally federated.

Western Reserve University (1826–1967)

John J.R. Macleod, 1923 Nobel Prize winner for discovering Insulin and Western Reserve University Professor of Physiology.

Western Reserve College, named from the Connecticut Western Reserve, was founded in 1826 in Hudson, Ohio. Western Reserve College, or "Reserve" as it was popularly called, was the first college in northern Ohio.^[13] Along with Presbyterian influences of its founding, the school's origins were strongly associated with the pre-Civil War Abolitionist movement,^[14] primarily due to the influence of President Charles Backus Storrs, Elizur Wright, and David Hudson. In fact, Western Reserve was to first university in Ohio and west of the Appalachian Mountains to enroll (1832) and graduate (1836) an African American student, John Sykes Fayette.^[15] The abolitionist views were so strong, Frederick Douglass gave the commencement speech in 1854.^[16]

In 1838, the Loomis Observatory was built by astronomer Elias Loomis, and today remains the second oldest observatory in the United States.^[17]

In 1852, the Medical School became the second school in the United States to graduate a woman, Nancy Talbot Clark. Five more women graduated over the next four years, including Emily Blackwell, giving Western Reserve the distinction of graduating six of the first eight female physicians in the United States.^[18]

By 1875, Cleveland had emerged as the dominant population and business center of the region, and the city wanted a prominent higher education institution. In 1882, with funding from Amasa Stone, Western Reserve College moved to Cleveland and changed its name to Adelbert College of Western Reserve University. Adelbert was the name of Stone's son.^[19]

Case Institute of Technology (1880–1967)

Case alumnus Herbert Henry Dow, founder of Dow Chemical.

In 1877, Leonard Case Jr. began laying the groundwork for the Case School of Applied Science by secretly donating valuable pieces of Cleveland real estate to a trust. He asked his confidential advisor, Henry Gilbert Abbey, to administer the trust and to keep it secret until after his death in 1880.

On March 29, 1880, articles of incorporation were filed for the founding of the Case School of Applied Science. Classes began on September 15, 1881.^[20] The school received its charter by the state of Ohio in 1882.

For the first four years of the school's existence, it was located in the Case family's home on Rockwell Street in downtown Cleveland. Classes were held in the family house, while the chemistry and physics laboratories were on the second floor of the barn. Amasa Stone's gift to relocate Western Reserve College to Cleveland also included a provision for the purchase of land in the University Circle area, adjacent to Western Reserve University, for the Case School of Applied Science. The school relocated to University Circle in 1885.

During World War II, Case School of Applied Science was one of 131 colleges and universities nationally that took part in the V-12 Navy College Training Program which offered students a path to a Navy commission.^[21]

Over time, the Case School of Applied Science grew to encompass a broader vision, adopting the name Case Institute of Technology in 1947 to reflect the institution's growing stature.^[19]

Federation of two universities

Although the trustees of Case Institute of Technology and Western Reserve University did not formally federate their institutions until 1967, the union had been seen by many as inevitable for decades before that.^[6] The institutions already shared buildings and staff when necessary and worked together often. One such example was seen in 1887, when Case physicist Albert Michelson and Reserve chemist Edward Morley collaborated on the famous Michelson–Morley experiment.

There had been some discussion of a merger of the two institutions as early as 1890, but those talks dissolved quickly. In the 1920s, the Survey Commission on Higher Education in Cleveland took a strong stand in favor of federation and the community was behind the idea as well, but in the end all that came of the study was a decision by the two institutions to cooperate in founding Cleveland College, a special unit for part-time and adult students in downtown Cleveland.

By the 1960s, Reserve President John Schoff Millis and Case President T. Keith Glennan shared the idea that federation would create a complete university, one better able to attain national distinction. Financed by the Carnegie Corporation, Cleveland Foundation, Greater Cleveland Associated Foundation, and several local donors, a study commission of national leaders in higher education and public policy was charged with exploring the idea of federation. The Heald Commission, so known for its chair, former Ford Foundation President Henry T. Heald, issued its final report, "Vision of a University." The report predicted that federation would create one of the largest private universities in the nation, with a combined faculty larger than that of Princeton, Chicago, Stanford, or Johns Hopkins.

Case Western Reserve University (1967–present)

In 1967, Case Institute of Technology, a school known for its strong engineering and science, and Western Reserve University, a school known for its strong professional programs and liberal arts, came together to form Case Western Reserve University.^[22]

The first computer engineering program in the United States was established in 1972 at Case Western Reserve University.

The "Forward Thinking" campaign was launched in 2011 by President Barbara Snyder to fundraise $1 billion, the largest in school history. The goal was reached in 2014 after 30 months. The Board of Trustees unanimously agreed to expand the campaign to $1.5 billion, which reached its mark a few years later in 2017.^[23]

Presidents

See also: List of Presidents of Case Western Reserve University

President	From	Until
Robert W. Morse	1967	1970
Louis A. Toepfer	1970	1980
David V. Ragone	1980	1987
Agnar Pytte	1987	1999
David H. Auston	1999	2001
James W. Wagner	2001	2002
Edward M. Hundert	2002	2006
Gregory L. Eastwood	2006	2007
Barbara R. Snyder	2007	–

Campus

John D. Rockefeller Physics Building. Framed notes are displayed of Albert Einstein's first visit to America and campus, a meeting with Dayton C. Miller in May 1921.^[24]

The university is approximately 5 miles (8 km) east of downtown Cleveland, adjacent to the historic Wade Park District in University Circle, a park-like city neighborhood and commercial center, home to numerous educational, medical, and other cultural institutions. Case Western Reserve has a number of programs taught in conjunction with nearby institutions, including the Cleveland Institute of Music, the Cleveland Institute of Art, the Cleveland Hearing & Speech Center, the Cleveland Museum of Art, the Cleveland Museum of Natural History, the Western Reserve Historical Society, Cleveland Botanical Garden, and the Cleveland Play House.

Kent H. Smith Quadrangle

The Kent H. Smith Quadrangle (known to students as the Main Quad) is located south of Euclid between Adelbert Road and Martin Luther King Jr. Drive. All of the engineering buildings are located on this quad in addition to all of the natural science buildings.

Flora Stone Mather Quadrangle

See also: Flora Stone Mather College Historic District

Haydn Hall on the campus of Case Western Reserve University (Flora Stone Mather Quadrangle) in Cleveland.

The Flora Stone Mather Quadrangle (known to students as the Mather Quad) is located north of Euclid Avenue between East Blvd., E. 115th Street, and Juniper Road. Usually it is more strictly defined by the area between East Blvd, Bellflower Road, and Ford Road north of Euclid Avenue. Named for the philanthropist wife of prominent industrialist Samuel Mather and sister-in-law of the famous statesman John Hay, the Flora Stone Mather Quad is home to Weatherhead School of Management, School of Law, Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences, and many departments of the College of Arts and Sciences. The Kelvin Smith Library (Case Western Reserve's main library) and the Thwing Student Center are also located on Mather Quad.

Kelvin Smith Library

North Residential Village

Situated on the northeast end of campus, the North Residential Village (NRV) is home to all Case Western Reserve's first-year students and many second-year students residing on campus. Constructed in the 1960s, the NRV consists of 12 4-floor buildings, an 11-floor building, Leutner (a dining hall), and a building containing the NRV area office and rehearsal space for Case Western Reserve's music department.

Village at 115

Located along E. 115th Street, which opened in the fall of 2005. Currently, only upper-class students may reside there. The Village (as students refer to it) consists of seven houses that surround the football field and track. Village housing is apartment style, with apartments that house one to nine people (excluding eight person units). The apartments are fully furnished. The Village is also LEED certified. Houses 1-4 & 6-7 are certified silver while house 5 is certified gold.

South Residential Village

Located between Murray Hill, Cedar, Edgehill, and Overlook roads, the South Residential Village (SRV) is home to most of Case Western Reserve's sophomore class. SRV is divided into two sections: Murray Hill Complex and Carlton Road Complex (known to students as bottom of the hill and top of the hill, respectively, due to the hill separating the two complexes). Carlton Road Complex includes three sophomore-only dormitories and several Greek life houses. Murray Hill Complex includes four sophomore only buildings and Fribley, the SRV dining hall. It also includes five Greek Houses.

Transportation

Two main transportation options are available for students: For on- and near-campus transportation, Case Western Reserve has a fleet of shuttle buses known as Greenies. Case also offers safe transport around campus through the Safe Ride program between 7pm and 3am. For longer trips, students may use the Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority (RTA) bus and rail system. Each undergraduate student receives an unlimited RTA pass, which is paid for via a mandatory $25 fee per semester. The Healthline bus system connects the campus to downtown Cleveland with buses coming roughly every 12 minutes.

Parking

Case Western Reserve does not manage its parking lots (Standard Parking manages the lots) and two parking garages, one at the Village at 115 (Lot S-46) and the other near the Veale Athletic Center (Lot S-53). Students, faculty, and staff purchase permits from the university,.^[25]

Academics

Rankings

University rankings
National
ARWU[26]	53–64
Forbes[27]	113
U.S. News & World Report[28]	37
Washington Monthly[29]	131
Global
ARWU[30]	101–150
QS[31]	215
Times[32]	133
U.S. News & World Report[33]	146

In 2018, Case Western Reserve was ranked 37th in the category American "national universities" and 146th in the category "global universities" by U.S. News & World Report. Case Western Reserve was also ranked 32nd among all universities—and 29th among private institutions—in the inaugural edition of The Wall Street Journal/Times Higher Education (WSJ/THE) rankings.^[9]

In 2014, Washington Monthly ranked Case Western Reserve University as the 9th best National University.^[34][35]

In 2013, Washington Monthly ranked Case Western Reserve as the nation's 4th best national university for contributing to the public good. The publication's ranking was based upon a combination of factors including social mobility, research, and service.^[36] In 2009, the school had ranked 15th.^[37]

In 2014, The Times ranked Case Western Reserve 116th worldwide.^[38]

In September 2009, "BusinessWeek" ranked Case Western Reserve's Weatherhead School of Management as one of the 30 best Design Thinking schools in the world.^[39]

In 2008, the National Science Foundation ranked Case Western Reserve #23 in the country for producing the highest percentage of undergraduate students that go on to earn Engineering and Science Ph.Ds.^[40]

Case Western Reserve is among the Top 25 LGBT-Friendly Colleges and Universities, according to Campus Pride, a national organization that aims to make universities safer and more inclusive for lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) individuals. The recognition follows Case Western Reserve's first five-star ranking on the Campus Pride Index, a detailed survey of universities' policies, services and institutional support for LGBT individuals.

Case Western Reserve ranks 13th among private institutions (26th among all) in federal expenditures for science and engineering research and development, per the National Science Foundation.^[41]

Undergraduate profile

The six most popular majors highly ranked for graduates were Biomedical Engineering, Biology/Biological Sciences, Social Work, Nursing, Mechanical Engineering, and Psychology. CWRU's undergraduate community is particularly well known for having a heavy focus on the fields of medicine and engineering.^{[citation needed]}

The Class of 2020 had 79 percent of students from out of the state of Ohio, 16 percent from outside of the United States. 71 percent graduated in the top 10 percent of their high school class. The mid-50% for SAT scores (25% - 75%) were between 1310 and 1470. The mid-50% for ACT scores was 30 to 34 (superscored).^[42]

Case Western has an acceptance rate of 29% for the class of 2022.^[43]

Schools and programs

Frank Gehry designed Peter B. Lewis Building housing the Weatherhead School of Management.

The university in its present form consists of eight schools:^[44]

• 
  College of Arts and Sciences (1826)


• 
  School of Dental Medicine (1892)


• 
  Case School of Engineering (1880)


• 
  School of Law (1892)


• 
  Weatherhead School of Management (1952)


• 
  School of Medicine
  
  
  
  • 'University Program' (1843)
  
  
  • 'College Program' at Cleveland Clinic (2002)
  
  
  
  


• 
  Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing (1898)


• 
  Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences (1915)

Case also supports over a hundred 'Centers' in various fields.^[45]

Sears think[box]

Larry Sears and Sally Zlotnick Sears think[box] is a public-access design and innovation center at Case Western Reserve University that allows students and other users to access prototyping equipment and other invention resources. The makerspace is located in the Richey Mixon building, a seven-story, 50,000 sq. ft. facility behind the campus athletic center. Over $35 million has been invested in space including in large part from a funding of $10 million from alumni Larry Sears and his wife Sally Zlotnick Sears.^[46][47] Larry Sears is an adjunct faculty member in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at CWRU and the founder of Hexagram, Inc. (Now ACLARA Wireless Technologies).^[48]
Many projects and start-up companies have come out of the makerspace.^[49]

Naming controversy

The controversial "Case" logo.

In 2003, the university unveiled a new logo and branding campaign that emphasized the "Case" portion of its name. In 2006, interim university president Gregory Eastwood convened a task group to study reactions to the campaign. The panel's report indicated that it had gone so poorly that, "There appear to be serious concerns now about the university's ability to recruit and maintain high-quality faculty, fund-raising and leadership." Also, the logo was derided among the university's community and alumni and throughout northeastern Ohio; critics said it looked like "...a fat man with a surfboard."^[50]

In 2007, the university's board of trustees approved a shift back to giving equal weight to "Case" and "Western Reserve." A new logo was chosen and implementation began July 1.^[51] In an open letter to the university community, interim president Eastwood admitted that "the university had misplaced its own history and traditions."^[52]

Student body

As of 2018^[update], the university had 5,121 undergraduate students and 6,219 graduate and professional students.^[53] The undergraduate student body hails from all 50 states and over 100 countries.^[54]

Research

Allen Memorial Medical Library.

DEXTER, Team Case's autonomous car, in DARPA Grand Challenge 2007.

Following is a partial list of major contributions made by faculty, staff, and students at Case Western Reserve:^{[citation needed]}

• Case Western Reserve was the site of the famous Michelson-Morley interferometer experiment, conducted in 1887 by Albert A. Michelson of Case Institute of Technology and Edward W. Morley of Western Reserve University. This experiment proved the non-existence of the ether, and provided evidence that later substantiated Einstein's special theory of relativity
  


• 
  Albert A. Michelson, who became the first American to win a Nobel Prize in science, taught at Case Institute of Technology. He won the prize in physics in 1907.


• 
  Edward W. Morley, in 1895, made the most precise (to that date) determination of the atomic weight of oxygen, the basis for calculating the weights of all other elements.


• 
  Dayton C. Miller, in 1896, performed the first full X-ray of the human body—on himself.


• 
  George W. Crile, in 1905, performed the first modern blood transfusion, using a coupling device to connect blood vessels.


• Roger G. Perkins, in 1912, pioneered drinking water chlorination to eradicate typhoid bacilli.


• Henry J. Gerstenberger, in 1915, developed simulated infant formula.


• 
  Claude S. Beck, in 1935, pioneered surgical treatment of coronary artery disease.


• Frederick S. Cross, in the 1950s, developed the first heart-lung machine used during open heart surgery.


• Claude S. Beck, in 1947, performed the first successful lifesaving defibrillation of the human heart and developed cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).


• 
  Robert Kearns, in 1964, invented the intermittent windshield wiper used in most modern automobiles.


• 
  Frederick Reines, in 1965, first detected neutrinos created by cosmic ray collisions with the Earth's atmosphere and developed innovative particle detectors. Case Western Reserve had selected Prof. Reines as chair of the physics department based on Reines's work that first detected neutrinos emitted from a nuclear reactor—work for which Reines shared a 1995 Nobel Prize.^[55]
  


• 
  Eric Baer, in 1967, pioneered the materials science of polymers and created the first comprehensive polymer science and engineering department at a major U.S. university.


• Joseph F. Fagan, in 1987, developed a test for infants to identify mental retardation within one year of birth.


• Huntington F. Willard of the School of Medicine and University Hospitals of Cleveland—collaborating with colleagues at Athersys, Inc., in 1997—created the first artificial human chromosomes, opening the door to more detailed study of human genetics and potentially offering a new approach to gene therapy.


• 
  Tshilidzi Marwala, in 2006, began work on Local Loop Unbundling in Africa. He also chaired the Local Loop Unbundling Committee on behalf of the South African Government. Furthermore, Marwala and his collaborators developed an artificial larynx, developed the theory of rational counterfactuals, computer bluffing as well as establishing the relationship between artificial intelligence and the theory of information asymmetry.


• Roger Quinn, in 2001, developed robots such as Whegs that mimic cockroaches and other crawling insects Case Biorobotics Lab^[56]
  


• In 2007, a team from Case Western Reserve participated in the DARPA Urban Challenge with a robotic car named DEXTER. Team Case placed as one of 36 semi-finalists.^[57] DEXTER was the only car in the race without any seating for humans, and the only one built from scratch as a robot car.^[58]
  


• Case Western Reserve University researchers are developing atomically thin drumheads which is tens of trillions times smaller in volume and 100,000 times thinner than the human eardrum. They will be able to receive and transmit signals across a radio frequency range which will be far greater than what we can hear with the human ear.^[59]
  


• 
  Simon Ostrach and Yasuhiro Kamotani led spacelab projects entitled surface tension driven convection experiment (STDCE) aboard the space shuttle STS-50 ^[60] and the re-flight STDCE-2 in USML-2 aboard STS-73 ^[61] studying oscillatory thermocapillary flows in the absence of gravitational effects.


• 
  James T'ien has contributed to the study of numerous microgravity combustion space flight experiments including the Candle Flame In Non-Buoyant Atmospheres aboard the Space Shuttle STS-50 along with the reflight to Mir Orbiting Station in 1995 ^[62], the Burning and Suppression of Solids (BASS) ^[63] taking place aboard the International Space Station along with the experiment reflight (BASS-2)^[64]. He received the NASA public service medal in 2000 ^[65].

Today, the university operates several facilities off campus for scientific research. One notable example of this is the Warner and Swasey Observatory at Kitt Peak National Observatory in Arizona.

Electrochemistry

The Yeager Center for Electrochemical Sciences (YCES), formerly the Case Center for Electrochemical Sciences, has provided annual workshops on electrochemical measurements since the late 1970s. Related laboratories at Case include the Electrochemical Engineering and Energy Laboratory (EEEL), the Electrochemical Materials Fabrication Laboratory (EMFL), the Case Electrochemical Capacitor Fabrication Facility and the ENERGY LAB. The Editor for the Journal of the Electrochemical Society is a Case professor, and the university is home to six Fellows of the Electrochemical Society. Some notable achievements involve the work on boron-doped diamond electrodes, in-situ electrochemical spectroscopy, polybenzibidazole (PBI) membranes for fuel cells and flow batteries and electrochemical sensors. In July 2018, the University was awarded $10.75 million by the U.S. Department of Energy to establish the Energy Frontier Research Center, which will explore "Breakthrough Electrolytes for Energy Storage." ^[66]

Student life

A campus shuttle runs to Coventry Village, a shopping district in neighboring Cleveland Heights. Cleveland's Little Italy is within walking distance. Legacy Village, Severance Center, and Shaker Square shopping centers are all within driving distance or accessible by RTA.

Music

WRUW-FM (91.1 FM) is the campus radio station of Case Western Reserve University. Its motto "More Music, Fewer Hits" can be seen adorning the rear bumpers of many vehicles in the area. WRUW broadcasts at a power of 15,000 watts and covers most of Northeast Ohio 24 hours a day, 365 days a year.

WRUW is staffed by Case Western Reserve students and community volunteers. The station's format can be classified as non-commercial "variety."

Case Western Reserve is also home to several performing ensembles, including a cappella groups such as Dhamakapella, the Case Men's Glee Club,^[67] Case Women's Glee Club,^[68] Case in Point, Speakeasy, Bigger Than A Breadbox, and Solstice. Other ensembles include the Case/University Circle Symphony Orchestra, Camerata Chamber Orchestra, Case/CIM Baroque Orchestra, Concert Choir, Early Music Singers, Jazz Ensemble 1 and 2, Marching Spartans, Percussion Ensemble, Symphonic Winds, University Singers, Collegium Musicum, New Music Ensemble, Wind Ensemble, and Chamber Music.^[69]

Case Western Reserve has two main rehearsal spaces for performing arts music majors and school ensembles. Hadyn Hall contains practice rooms with Steinway pianos, along with the department offices. Denison Hall serves as a rehearsal, practice, and teaching space for the music students and school ensembles, and is attached to Wade Commons. The Cleveland Youth Wind Symphony also rehearses in Denison Hall. Music majors take lessons at the Cleveland Institute of Music.

For performances, all students, ensembles, and cappella groups use Harkness Chapel. The bands and orchestra also perform at Severance Hall (the on-campus home of the Cleveland Orchestra) and CIM's Kulas Hall.

Computing

Case Western Reserve had the first ABET-accredited program in computer engineering.^[70]

In 1968, the university formed a private company, Chi Corporation, to provide computer time to both it and other customers. Initially this was on a Univac 1108 (replacing the preceding UNIVAC 1107), 36 bit, one's complement machine.^[71] The company was sold in 1977 to Robert G. Benson in Beachwood, Ohio.

Project Logos, under ARPA contract, was begun within the department on a DEC System-10 (later converted to TENEX (BBN) in conjunction with connection to the ARPANET) to develop a computer-aided computer design system. This system consisted in a distributed, networked, graphics environment, a control and data flow designer and logic (both hardware and software) analyzer. Graphics and animation became another departmental focus with the acquisition of an Evans & Sutherland LDS-1 (Line Drawing System-1), which was hosted by the DEC System-10, and later with the acquisition of the stand-alone LDS-2.

Case Western Reserve was one of the earliest universities connected to the ARPANET, predecessor to the Internet. ARPANET went online in 1969; Case Western Reserve was connected in January, 1971.^[72] Case Western Reserve graduate Ken Biba published the Biba Integrity Model in 1977 and served on the ARPA Working Group that developed the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) used on the Internet.

Case Western Reserve pioneered the early Free-net computer systems, creating the first Free-net, The Cleveland Free-Net, as well as writing the software that drove a majority of those systems, known as FreePort. The Cleveland Free-Net was shut down in late 1999, as it had become obsolete.

It was the first university to have an all-fiber-optic network, in 1989.^[73]

At the inaugural meeting in October, 1996, Case Western Reserve was one of the 34 charter university members of Internet2.^[74]

The university was ranked No. 1 in Yahoo Internet Life's 1999 Most Wired College list.^[75] There was a perception that this award was obtained through partially false or inaccurate information submitted for the survey,^[76] and the university did not appear at all on the 2000 Most Wired College list (which included 100 institutions). The numbers reported were much lower than those submitted by Ray Neff in 1999.^[77][78] The university had previously placed No. 13 in the 1997 poll.^[79]

In August 2003, Case Western Reserve joined the Internet Streaming Media Alliance, then one of only two university members.^[80]

In September 2003, Case Western Reserve opened 1,230 public wireless access points on the Case Western Reserve campus and University Circle.^[81]

Case Western Reserve was one of the founding members of OneCleveland, formed in October 2003.^[82] OneCleveland is an "ultra broadband" (gigabit speed) fiber optic network. This network is for the use of organizations in education, research, government, healthcare, arts, culture, and the nonprofit sector in Greater Cleveland.

Case Western Reserve is also known for its Virtual Worlds gaming computer lab, which opened in 2005. The lab has a large network of Alienware PCs equipped with game development software such as the Torque Game Engine and Maya 3D modeling software. Additionally, it contains a number of specialized advanced computing rooms including a medical simulation room, a MIDI instrument music room, a 3D projection "immersion room," a virtual reality research room, and console room, which features video game systems such as Xbox 360, PlayStation 3, and Wii.^[83] This laboratory can be used by any student in the Electrical Engineering and Computer Science department, and is heavily used for the Game Development (EECS 290) course.

Case Western's Internet Technology Service also runs a High Performance Computing Cluster (HPCC) utilizing 2684 processors over 200 computer nodes interconnected with gigabit fiberoptic ethernet. The HPCC is available for research utilizing a wide array of commercial and custom scientific software packages and computer languages including: Matlab, Mathematica, Ansys CFX Fluent and ICEM, Schrödinger, LAMMPS, Gaussian, NEURON, MCell, Python, Qhull, Sundials, Charmm/qchem, Rosetta, Gromacs, NAMD, C, C++, Fortran.

Housing

Residence halls are divided into two areas: one featuring suite-style rooms for second-year students in the South Residential Village, the other featuring double, single and suite style rooms for first-year students and upperclassmen in the North Residential Village. Both have gigabit ethernet network access and the wired network is one of the fastest that exists. A wireless campus network is also available in all buildings on campus and ranked as one of the fastest by Intel in 2005. Suite style housing, known as the Village at 115th, was opened in fall 2005 for upperclassmen and features one- to nine-person, "apartment-style" residence halls that come with air conditioning, a full kitchen area, and full-sized beds.

Residence Life at Case Western Reserve has a recent history of being liberal in its policies, including allowing co-ed suites (an option offered to non-freshman students, when requested and agreed upon by all occupants of a suite) and several co-ed floors for freshmen, as well as a three-day guest policy. Pets are allowed except for dogs, cats, ferrets, and a few other small mammals, but requests are granted discussion.

First-year students are grouped into one of four residential colleges that are overseen by first-year coordinators. The Mistletoe, Juniper, and Magnolia residential colleges were established when the "First Year Experience" system was introduced, and Cedar was created in the fall of 2005 to accommodate a large influx of new students. In the fall of 2007, Magnolia was integrated into Mistletoe, however, it was later re-separated in the fall of 2012. The areas of focus for each college are – Cedar: visual and performing arts; Mistletoe: service leadership; Juniper: multiculturalism and Magnolia: sustainability.^[84] Magnolia now includes Clarke Tower, which also houses second year students as well as first year students.

The residential colleges plan events together and are run by college councils that take student input and use it to plan social and community service-oriented activities.

3rd year students who are allowed to live off campus through graduate students have several university owned, university controlled, and independent apartment options.

Greek life

Nearly one-half of the campus undergraduates are in a fraternity or sorority. There are ten sororities and seventeen fraternities currently on campus. Greek organizations are governed by an Interfraternity Council and Panhellenic Council. During the 2010–2011 school year, fraternities and sororities at Case collectively raised over $45,375 for philanthropy.^[85] In September 2010, the Delta Chi fraternity joined the Greek community, achieving chapter status in October 2012. In September 2012, Pi Beta Phi sorority began a colonization effort. In the Spring of 2013, Delta Sigma Phi Fraternity began colonization efforts as well. In the Spring of 2014, a colony of Pi Kappa Phi was opened. In the 2014-2015 academic year a chapter of the sorority Sigma Sigma Sigma joined the campus along with the return of the fraternity Sigma Alpha Epsilon. In Spring of 2018, Alpha Gamma Delta will colonize as well.

The fraternities are:

Beta Theta Pi Delta Chi Delta Tau Delta Delta Sigma Phi Delta Upsilon Phi Delta Theta Phi Gamma Delta Phi Kappa Psi Phi Kappa Tau

Phi Kappa Theta Pi Kappa Phi Sigma Alpha Epsilon Sigma Chi Sigma Nu Theta Chi Zeta Beta Tau Zeta Psi

The sororities are:

Alpha Chi Omega Alpha Gamma Delta Alpha Phi Delta Gamma Kappa Alpha Theta Phi Mu

Phi Sigma Rho Pi Beta Phi Sigma Psi Sigma Sigma Sigma

Safety and Security

Office of Emergency Management

The Office of Emergency Management prepares for various levels of emergencies on campus, such as chemical spills, severe weather, infectious diseases, and security threats. RAVE, a multi-platform emergency alerting system, is operated by Emergency Management for issuing emergency alerts and instructions for events on campus. The Office of Emergency Management also performs risk assessment to identify possible safety issues and aims to mitigate these issues. Additionally, CERT is managed through Emergency Management, enabling faculty and staff members to engage in emergency preparedness. The Office of Emergency Management works closely with other campus departments, such as Police and Security Services, University Health Services, and Environmental Health and Safety, as well as community resources including city, state, and federal emergency management agencies.^[86]

Police and Security Services

Case operates a police force of sworn officers as well as a security officers. Starting as security only, the university expanded the role of protective services to include sworn officers who have arrest power and carry firearms. Some officers have additional training, such as SWAT training. On top of routine duties such as fingerprinting, traffic control, and bicycle registration, police and security also conduct investigations, undercover operations, and community outreach. Police and Security operate a fleet of vehicles, including police cruisers, scooters, and Smart cars. Police and Security are dispatched by a 24/7 campus dispatch center, responsible for emergency call handling, alarm monitoring, and video surveillance. Additionally, the dispatch center can send RAVE notifications and manages CWRU Shield, a mobile application allowing video, image, and text tips, safety checks, and viewing emergency procedures.^[87] CWRU Police also works closely with RTA transit police, University Circle Police, Cleveland Police, East Cleveland Police, Cleveland Heights Police, University Hospitals Police Department, and other surrounding emergency services. Police and Security, with conjunction with the Emergency Management Office, conduct tabletop drills and full-scale exercises involving surrounding emergency services.^[88]

Emergency Medical Services

Case Western Reserve University Emergency Medical Services (CWRU EMS) is a student-run all volunteer ambulance service and a National Collegiate Emergency Medical Services Foundation member. Covering University Circle, CWRU EMS provides free basic life support level treatment and transport to University Hospitals Case Medical Center and Cleveland Clinic Foundation Main Campus. CWRU EMS started as a quick response service but has since become a transport service with two ambulances. Crews consist of at least at least two Ohio EMTs and receive medical direction from University Hospitals. CWRU works closely with the Office of Emergency Management and Police and Security Services.
CWRU EMS is in service 5 pm to 8 am Monday through Thursday and all day Friday through Sunday. When not in service, members are dispatched to emergencies through the Active 911 application. When not in service or when additional resources are required, Cleveland EMS, Cleveland Fire, or Cleveland Heights Fire can be called. Additionally, CWRU EMS runs a semesterly EMT certification class through University Hospitals EMS Institute. In the past, the organization has planned and executed an annual full-scale Mass Casualty Incident Drill where other campus and public agencies participated in simulated patient treatment and incident command. However, public safety regulation changes in the summer of 2018 have prohibited any organizations other than the Office of Public Safety from performing drills on the campus.^[89]

Traditions

Starting in 1910, the Hudson Relay is an annual relay race event remembering and honoring the university relocation from Hudson, Ohio to Cleveland. Conceived by then-student, Monroe Curtis,^[90] the relay race was run from the old college in Hudson, Ohio to the new university in University Circle. Since the mid-1980s, the race has been run entirely in the University Circle area. The race is a distance of 26 miles (42 km). It is held weekend before spring semester finals. Competing running teams are divided by graduating class. If a class wins the relay all four years, tradition dictates a reward of a champagne and steak dinner with the president of the university be awarded. Only six classes have won all four years—1982, 1990, 1994, 2006, 2011, and 2017.^[91][92] The winning classes of each year is carved on an original boulder located behind Adelbert Hall.

Springfest is a day-long concert and student group festival that occurs later in the same day as Hudson Relays. The Springfest Planning Committee brings in several bands and a beer garden, student groups set up booths to entertain the student body, and various inflatable carnival-style attractions are brought in to add to the festive atmosphere. Occasionally, due to adverse weather conditions, the festival must be moved indoors, usually to Thwing Center or Adelbert Gym.

Halloween at the Farm is a tradition established in the fall of 2002. Halloween at the Farm takes place at the Squire Valleevue Farm in Hunting Valley, Ohio. Students, their families, and faculty are invited to enjoy games, a bonfire, an open-air concert and hay rides. Organized by the members of the Class Officer Collective, HATF is one of the biggest events of the year. In the fall of 2009 the event was moved to the main campus and renamed "Halloween at Home".

Since 1976, the Film Society^[93] of Case Western Reserve University has held a science fiction marathon. The film festival, the oldest of its type, boasts more than 34 hours of non-stop movies, cartoons, trailers, and shorts spanning many decades and subgenres, using both film and digital projection. The Film Society, which is student-run and open to the public, also shows movies on Friday and Saturday evenings throughout the school year.

Athletics

See also: Case Western Reserve Spartans and Case Western Reserve Spartans football

Case Western Reserve competes in 19 varsity sports—10 men's sports and 9 women's sports. All 19 varsity teams wear a commemorative patch on their uniforms honoring Case alumnus, M. Frank Rudy, inventor of the Nike air-sole.^[94] The Spartan's primary athletic rival is Carnegie Mellon University. DiSanto Field is home to the football, men's soccer, women's soccer, and track and field teams.

The Veale Athletic Center, which houses much of the Case Western Reserve University athletic and Physical Education departments.

Case Western Reserve is a founding and current member of the University Athletic Association (UAA). The conference participates in the National Collegiate Athletic Association's (NCAA) Division III. Case Institute of Technology and Western Reserve University were also a founding members of the Presidents' Athletic Conference (PAC) in 1958. When the athletic departments of the two universities merged in 1971 they dominated the (PAC) for several years. The university remained a member of the PAC until 1983. In the fall of 1984 the university joined the North Coast Athletic Conference (NCAC), a pioneer in gender equality in sports, as a charter member. The 1998-1999 school year marked the final season in which the Spartans were members of the NCAC. As the university had held joint conference membership affiliation with the UAA and the NCAC for over a decade. In 2014, the football team began competing as an associate member of the PAC, as only four out of the eight UAA member institutions remained in the conference. The university offers ten men's sports and nine women's sports.^[95]

In recent years, the Case Western Reserve baseball team has made appearances in the NCAA post-season. In 2014, the Spartans advanced to the NCAA Mid-East Regional Final before losing to Salisbury State 3-2. The 2014 team set a school record for victories in a season with 34, and also won a UAA title. In 2011, Spartan third baseman Chad Mullins was named the D3Baseball.com Player of the Year after hitting .437 with eight home runs and 71 RBIs. Mullins also ranked in the Division III national top ten in hits, runs scored, and total bases.

Case Western Reserve has a long and historied cross country program. The Case Western Reserve's women's cross country team finished the 2006 season with a UAA Championship and a bid to the NCAA Championship. The Lady Spartans finished 10th in the nation. The women's team went on to finish even higher at nationals in 2007, earning a sixth-place finish at the NCAA DIII national championship. Both the men's and women's Cross Country teams qualified for and competed in the NCAA DIII national championships in 2008, with the women's team coming away with two All-Americans and a 16th-place finish. In 2009, they had two All-Americans and finished 15th. In 2010, the lady Spartans finished 19th, with one all-American. From 2006 to 2010 the women's cross country team earned 8 individual All-American Titles, including current professional marathoner Esther Erb.

The Case Western Reserve football team reemerged in the mid-2000s under the direction of Head Coach Greg Debeljak. The 2007 team finished undefeated earning the school's first playoff appearance and first playoff victory, winning against Widener University. The undefeated seasons continued in both 2008 and 2009, earning more UAA titles and NCAA Division III playoff appearances, helping set up an all-time school record of a 38-game regular season win streak. In 2017, the Spartans again went undefeated and advanced to the NCAA Division III playoffs, defeating Illinois Wesleyan University in the first round, before being eliminated in the second round by the Mount Union Purple Raiders, the eventual NCAA Division III national champion. In total, the team has won eight UAA football championships–1988, 1996, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2011, 2016, and 2017. In 2014, the football team began competing as an associate member of the Presidents' Athletic Conference, winning the conference in 2017. All other sports continue to compete in the University Athletic Association.

The Case Western Reserve men's soccer team finished their 2006 season with a 17–2–2 record and a UAA championship. The team reached the Sweet 16 in their first-ever NCAA Division III tournament appearance and concluded the season ranked 12th in the nation. In 2018, the Case Western Reserve men's soccer team made their deepest NCAA run ever, advancing to the NCAA Division III "Elite Eight" before falling in the quarterfinals to Calvin College, 3-1. The 2018 team finished the season with a record of 16-4-2.

In 2014, the Spartan men's tennis team was ranked in the Division III Top 10 for most of the season, and advanced to the NCAA Elite Eight before falling to Middlebury College. That same year, two CWRU tennis players, Eric Klawitter and Christopher Krimbill, won the NCAA men's doubles title.

CWRU has produced eight individual Division III national champions in Indoor and Outdoor Track and Field.

The Case Western Reserve Ultimate Frisbee Team, although a club sport, competes against Division I teams around the country. Established in 1995, the Fighting Gobies have been successful, with the men's team taking home first place in the Ohio Valley Regional Tournament.

CWRU wrestlers have won four individual Division III national titles.

Notable people

Notable alumni include Paul Buchheit, creator and lead developer of Gmail, founder of FriendFeed, and Partner at Y Combinator; Craig Newmark, founder of craigslist.org; Pete Koomen, the co-founder and CTO of Optimizely; and Peter Tippett, who developed the anti-virus software Vaccine, which Symantec purchased and turned into the popular Norton AntiVirus; Larry Hurtado, one of the leading New Testament scholars in the world; Harvey Hilbert, a zen master, psychologist and expert on post-Vietnam stress syndrome; Donald Knuth, a leading expert on computer algorithms and creator of the Tex (LaTeX) typesetting system.

Craig Newmark (BS '75, MS '77) - founder of CraigsList.

Main article: List of Case Western Reserve University people

Directors Anthony Russo and Joe Russo have directed world-famous blockbusters Avengers: Infinity War, Captain America: Civil War, and Captain America: The Winter Soldier.

Nobel laureates

Case Western's 2003 Nobel Prize winners - Paul C. Lauterbur and Peter Agre (1st and 2nd from right) with President George Walker Bush

17 Nobel laureates associated with Case Western Reserve University^[7]

Year	Recipient	Prize	Details
1907	Albert A. Michelson	Physics	First American scientist to win the Nobel Prize
1923	John J.R. Macleod	Medicine	Discovery of Insulin
1938	Corneille Heymans	Medicine	Carotid sinus reflex
1954	Frederick C. Robbins	Medicine	Polio vaccine. Dean of CaseMed
1955	Polykarp Kusch	Physics	BS in physics in 1931
1960	Donald A. Glaser	Physics	BS in physics in 1946
1971	Earl W. Sutherland Jr.	Medicine	Professor and chair of pharmacology
1980	Paul Berg	Chemistry	PhD in 1952
1988	George H. Hitchings	Medicine	Professor and researcher
1994	Alfred G. Gilman	Medicine	MD and PhD in 1969
1994	Ferid Murad	Medicine	MD and PhD in 1965. Current Trustee of Case
1994	George A. Olah	Chemistry	Professor and chair of chemistry
1995	Frederick Reines	Physics	Professor and chair of physics
2003	Paul C. Lauterbur	Physiology or Medicine	BS in chemistry
2003	Peter Agre	Chemistry	Instructor, 1978 Internal Medicine alumnus
2004	Edward C. Prescott	Economics	MS in operations research in 1964
2017	Richard Thaler	Economics	BA in economics in 1967

Alumni associations

Throughout the years, many higher education institutions merged to form what is now known as Case Western Reserve University.

The Alumni Association of Case Western Reserve University is the primary alumni association for any alumni who have attended CWRU for at least one semester.^[96]

The Case Alumni Association (CAA) is one of the oldest independent alumni organization in the United States, having been organized in 1885.^[97] Membership in the association is conferred upon all graduates of the Case School of Applied Science, Case Institute of Technology, Case School of Engineering, and the mathematics and science departments within the College of Arts and Sciences.

CAA recently expanded its reach by establishing chapters (Case Clubs) in various U.S. cities, including Washington, D.C., Silicon Valley, San Diego, Los Angeles, Phoenix and Boston.^[98]

Cultural references

• The 1997 Air Force One was in part filmed on Case campus. The opening scene depicting the presidential palace of the leader of Kazakhstan was shot at Severance Hall - home of the Cleveland Orchestra adjacent to Case campus. Also seen are several landmarks of Case including the Thwing Center (the student union) and the Allen Memorial Medical Library.


• The 2004 Vice-Presidential Debate between then Vice-President Dick Cheney and Senator John Edwards was held on Case Western campus.^[99]
  


• In 2008, the movie Flash of Genius detailed the story of Robert Kearns, who graduated from Case Institute of Technology. The movie recounts his designing the first intermittent windshield wipers and his battle against the automobile industry to get recognition.

See also

• Association of Independent Technological Universities

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    ^ "Home - Case Alumni Association". Casealum.org. Retrieved 2014-08-14.
    


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    ^ "Case Alumni Association - Home". Retrieved 2010-02-22.
    


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    ^ Cheney and Edwards Vice presidential debate: Vice Presidential Debate – Vice President Cheney (R) and Sen. John Edwards (D)
    

External links

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v t e Case Western Reserve University
Academics	Schools Case School of Engineering College of Arts and Sciences Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences School of Dental Medicine School of Law School of Medicine Weatherhead School of Management Other Department of Biomedical Engineering Frederick K. Cox International Law Center NEO CANDO
Campus	Adelbert Hall Allen Memorial Medical Library Case Medical Center Dittrick Museum of Medical History Flora Stone Mather Quadrangle Kent H. Smith Quadrangle Mather House Michelson-Morley Memorial Fountain Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital University Circle Warner and Swasey Observatory Maltz Performing Arts Center
Athletics	Case Western Reserve Spartans Football Baird Brothers Trophy Academic Bowl DiSanto Field University Athletic Association
People	Notable alumni and affiliates Nobel laureates Presidents
Student life	Dhamakapella WRUW-FM Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law The Observer Student body

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