塔里木盆地






塔里木盆地卫星照片


塔里木盆地（维吾尔语：.mw-parser-output .font-ugy{font-family:"UKIJ Tuz","UKIJ Nasq","UKIJ Basma","UKIJ_Mac Basma","UKIJ Zilwa","UKIJ Esliye","UKIJ Tuz Basma","UKIJ Tuz Kitab","UKIJ Tuz Gezit","UKIJ Tuz Qara","UKIJ Tuz Qara","UKIJ Tuz Tor","UKIJ Kesme","UKIJ Kesme Tuz","UKIJ Qara","UKIJ Basma Aq","UKIJ Basma Qara","UKIJ Basma Tuz","UKIJ Putuk","UKIJ Tuz Xet","UKIJ Tom Xet","UKIJ Tuz Jurnal","UKIJ Arabic","UKIJ CJK","UKIJ Ekran","UKIJ_Mac Ekran","UKIJ Teng","UKIJ Tor","UKIJ Tuz Tom","UKIJ Mono Keng","UKIJ Mono Tar","UKIJ Nokia","UKIJ SimSun","UKIJ Yanfon","UKIJ Qolyazma","UKIJ Saet","UKIJ Nasq Zilwa","UKIJ Sulus","UKIJ Sulus Tom","UKIJ 3D","UKIJ Diwani","UKIJ Diwani Yantu","UKIJ Diwani Tom","UKIJ Esliye Tom","UKIJ Esliye Qara","UKIJ Jelliy","UKIJ Kufi","UKIJ Kufi Tar","UKIJ Kufi Uz","UKIJ Kufi Yay","UKIJ Merdane","UKIJ Ruqi","UKIJ Mejnuntal","UKIJ Junun","UKIJ Moy Qelem","UKIJ Chiwer Kesme","UKIJ Orxun-Yensey","UKIJ Elipbe","UKIJ Qolyazma Tez","UKIJ Qolyazma Tuz","UKIJ Qolyazma Yantu","UKIJ Ruqi Tuz",FZWWBBOT_Unicode,FZWWHQHTOT_Unicode,Scheherazade,Lateef,LateefGR,"Microsoft Uighur";font-feature-settings:"cv50"1}تارىم ئويمانلىقى‎ / Tarim oymanliqi / Tarim oymanliⱪi）位于中國西北部的新疆地区，是中国面积最大的内陆盆地。塔里木盆地与准噶尔盆地中间由天山隔开，南北相对，分布于昆仑山、天山、阿尔金山之间。东西长1500公里，南北宽约600公里，总面积达53万平方公里[1]，海拔高度在800至1300米之间，地势西高东低，盆地的中部是著名的塔克拉玛干沙漠，边缘为山麓、戈壁和绿洲（冲积平原）。




塔里木盆地在中国的位置




目录






  • 1 地貌


  • 2 地形地勢


  • 3 氣候


  • 4 考古


  • 5 資源


  • 6 主要城市


  • 7 参考资料





地貌


塔里木盆地北部有眾多風蝕墩與風蝕凹地相間組成的“雅丹”地貌，大致與主風向平行。因形狀似龍，頂部是鹽結塊，外表呈白色，故《汉书·地理志》中稱為“白龍堆”。[2]



地形地勢


塔里木盆地輪廓呈菱形，地勢西高東低，向北微傾。從外圍向中心可分為高山帶、山前礫質洪積帶、沖積平原帶及沙漠。東部羅布泊是盆地最低處，也是積鹽中心，海拔780米。[2]



氣候




1964年 塔里木盆地


由于塔里木盆地远离海洋，周围又有高大山脉环抱，来自海洋的湿润气流不易到达，故塔里木盆地地区年降雨量极少，西缘的乌什为85毫米，阿克苏为57毫米；北缘的库车为63毫米，库尔勒为52毫米；南缘从西向东，阿图什为78毫米，喀什为65毫米，和田为35毫米，若羌为17毫米。[1]



考古




米兰遗址中的壁画


塔里木盆地小河墓地已發掘出土墓葬與木乃伊，工具，工程陶瓷，彩陶和其他藝術品。米兰遗址就位于塔里木盆地中的塔克拉玛干沙漠中。在塔里木盆地的和田地区发现了汉晋至南北朝年代的佛教遗址。[3]



資源


塔克拉瑪干沙漠位於塔里木盆地中心，幾乎終年不雨，被認為含有儲量豐富的石油和天然气[4][5]。





主要城市



  • 阿克蘇

  • 若羌

  • 且末

  • 和田

  • 葉城

  • 喀什





参考资料




  1. ^ 1.01.1 塔里木盆地


  2. ^ 2.02.1 《中國國家地理精華》. 吉林出版集團有限公司. 2007年: p.17. ISBN 9787807206309.  引文格式1维护：冗余文本 (link)


  3. ^ 新疆和田发现佛教遗址 位于塔里木盆地南沿


  4. ^ 中国西北部造山型盆地构造特征与油气赋存


  5. ^ 塔里木油田生产超过一亿吨






































维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源：塔里木盆地




规范控制


  • WorldCat Identities

  • GND: 4059071-9

  • VIAF: 235913153



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