昭西陵






























清东陵

昭西陵

Zhao Xiling Tomb, 2016-09-06 03.jpg

全国重点文物保护单位
中华人民共和国国务院公布
所在
河北省遵化市
分类
古墓葬
时代
清
编号
1-179
登录
1961年



昭西陵（满语：ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠩᡤᡝ
ᠸᠠᡵᡤᡳ
ᡝᡵᡤᡳ
ᠮᡠᠩᡤᠠᠨ，转写：eldengge wargi ergi monggan）是清朝孝庄文皇后的陵寝。位于河北省遵化市清东陵大红门外东侧，与东陵之间有一道风水墙相隔。




目录






  • 1 历史


  • 2 建筑格局


  • 3 参考文献


  • 4 外部链接





历史


孝庄文皇后之夫清太宗皇太极安葬于辽宁沈阳，墓葬名为昭陵。其子顺治帝安葬于河北遵化孝陵。按大清慣例，孝庄文皇后逝世后應安葬于昭陵。孝庄文皇后病危时，对孙子康熙帝说：“太宗奉安久，不可为我轻动。况我心恋汝父子，当於孝陵近地安厝，我心始无憾”（你的祖父太宗皇帝安葬已經很久，不可为了我而轻易驚动(祂)。况且我心中挂恋你们父子二人，屆時應當在你父亲孝陵附近的地方安葬(我)，我的心就沒有遺憾了。）


康熙二十六年十二月（1688年），孝庄文皇后逝世。康熙帝下令将祖母生前所居宫殿一部分移建于昌瑞山孝陵近地，号“暂安奉殿”。二十七年四月，将孝庄文皇后的梓宫移至此，終康熙一朝，皆未解決孝庄文皇后陵寢問題。雍正三年（1725年），世宗以孝庄文皇后暫安以來国家昌盛為由，將暫安奉殿就地起陵，為表示此陵寢從屬於昭陵，且位於昭陵之西，称昭西陵。[1]改建工程在二月开工，十二月完工。十二月初十，孝庄文皇后的梓宫正式葬入地宫。[2]



建筑格局


昭西陵位於孝陵東北側，坐北朝南，从北到南依次是：地宫设两道石门，上建宝顶，周建宝城，前建方城[3]。



参考文献





  1. ^ 《清史稿 卷二百十四 列传一》


  2. ^ 国宝档案：清昭西陵. 新华网（来源：央视国际）. 2005年5月31日 [2001-01-21] （中文（简体）‎）. 


  3. ^ 附录1：奇特的昭西陵规制. 人民网. 2005年12月6日 [2001-01-21] （中文（简体）‎）. 




外部链接






维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源：昭西陵


  • 优酷：《清宫秘档》

  • 央视文字稿




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