Mixing
大鼠屬
關於大鼠和家鼠的其他意義，詳見「大鼠」及「家鼠」| 大鼠属 化石时期：早更新世–現今 PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓ | |
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褐鼠 Rattus norvegicus | |
科学分类  | |
| 界： | 动物界 Animalia |
| 门： | 脊索动物门 Chordata |
| 纲： | 哺乳纲 Mammalia |
| 目： | 啮齿目 Rodentia |
| 科： | 鼠科 Muridae |
| 亚科： | 鼠亚科 Murinae |
| 属： | 大鼠属 Rattus G. Fischer, 1803 |
模式种 | |
褐鼠 Rattus norvegicus (Berkenhout, 1769) | |
種 | |
64個物種 | |
異名 | |
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大鼠屬（学名：Rattus）又名家鼠属、大家鼠属、狭鼠属等等，是一個包括多種中型、長尾齧齒類物種，为鼠總科鼠科鼠亞科之下的一個屬。
在人類生活環境中最常見的是黑鼠（R. rattus）與褐鼠（R. norvegicus）。在日常生活中，屬於其他齧齒類科與屬的物種亦有時被當作是大鼠，而這些物種跟大鼠屬物種亦有多種特徵相似。
目录
1 物種
2 參看
3 參考文獻
4 延伸閱讀
5 外部連結
物種
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本屬包括下列各物種：
黄胸鼠 Rattus flavipectus (Milne-Edwards, 1871)
地位未定 incertae sedis
Annandale's rat (Rattus annandalei) – Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore
Enggano rat (Rattus enganus) – Indonesia
Philippine forest rat (Rattus everetti) – the Philippines
波利尼西亚鼠（Rattus exulans）：生活於菲濟及大多數波利尼西亞島嶼、紐西蘭、復活節島及夏威夷。
Hainald's rat (Rattus hainaldi) – Indonesia
Hoogerwerf's rat (Rattus hoogerwerfi) – Indonesia
Korinch's rat (Rattus korinchi) – Indonesia- †麥克禮鼠（Rattus macleari）：聖誕島
Nillu rat (Rattus montanus) – Sri Lanka
Molaccan prehensile-tailed rat (Rattus morotaiensis) – Indonesia- †牛犬鼠（Rattus nativitatis）：聖誕島
Kerala rat (Rattus ranjiniae) – India
New Ireland forest rat (Rattus sanila)
Andaman rat (Rattus stoicus) – Andaman Islands
Timor rat (Rattus timorensis) – Timor
R. norvegicus group
大足鼠（Rattus nitidus）：孟加拉、不丹、中國、印度、印尼、寮國、緬甸、尼泊爾、帛琉、菲律賓、泰國及越南
褐鼠（Rattus norvegicus (Berkenhout, 1769)）：除南極洲以外的全世界
Turkestan rat (Rattus pyctoris; obs. Rattus turkestanicus) – Afghanistan, China, India, Iran, Kyrgyzstan, Nepal, and Pakistan
R. rattus group
Sunburned rat (Rattus adustus) – Enggano Island, Indonesia
印支林鼠 (Rattus andamanensis) – Bhutan, Cambodia, China, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, and Vietnam
銀腹鼠（Rattus argentiventer）：東南亞
巴鲁大家鼠（Rattus baluensis）：馬來西亞
Aceh rat (Rattus blangorum)
Nonsense rat (Rattus burrus) – India
Hoffmann's rat (Rattus hoffmanni) – Indonesia
Koopman's rat (Rattus koopmani) – Indonesia
黄毛鼠（Rattus losea (Swinhoe, 1871)）：中國、寮國、台灣、泰國及越南
Mentawai rat (Rattus lugens) – Indonesia
Mindoro black rat (Rattus mindorensis) – the Philippines
Little soft-furred rat (Rattus mollicomulus) – Indonesia
Osgood's rat (Rattus osgoodi) – Vietnam
Palm rat (Rattus palmarum) – India
黑鼠 Rattus rattus：除南極洲以外的全世界
Sahyadris forest rat (Rattus satarae)
Simalur rat (Rattus simalurensis) – Indonesia
亞洲家鼠（Rattus tanezumi Temminck, 1844）：柬埔寨、中國、Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Fiji, India, Indonesia, Japan, North Korea, South Korea, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, the Philippines, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam
Tawitawi forest rat (Rattus tawitawiensis) – the Philippines
Malayan field rat (Rattus tiomanicus) – Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Thailand
R. xanthurus group
Bonthain rat (Rattus bontanus; obs. Rattus foramineus) – Indonesia
Opossum rat (Rattus marmosurus) – Indonesia
Peleng rat (Rattus pelurus) – Indonesia
Southeastern xanthurus rat (Rattus salocco]) - Indonesia
Yellow-tailed rat (Rattus xanthurus) – Indonesia
R. leucopus group (New Guinean group)
Vogelkop mountain rat (Rattus arfakiensis)
Western New Guinea mountain rat (Rattus arrogans)
Sula rat (Rattus elaphinus) – Indonesia
Spiny Ceram rat (Rattus feliceus) – Indonesia
Giluwe rat (Rattus giluwensis) – Papua New Guinea
Japen rat (Rattus jobiensis) – Indonesia
Cape York rat (Rattus leucopus) – Australia, Indonesia, and Papua New Guinea
Eastern rat (Rattus mordax) – Papua New Guinea
Moss-forest rat (Rattus niobe) – Papua New Guinea, Indonesia
New Guinean rat (Rattus novaeguineae) – Papua New Guinea
Arianus's rat (Rattus omichlodes)
Pocock’s highland rat (Rattus pococki)
Large New Guinea spiny rat (Rattus praetor) – Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, and Solomon Islands
Glacier rat (Rattus richardsoni) – Indonesia
Stein's rat (Rattus steini) – Indonesia and Papua New Guinea
Van Deusen's rat (Rattus vandeuseni) – Papua New Guinea
Slender rat (Rattus verecundus) – Indonesia and Papua New Guinea
R. fuscipes group (Australian group)
Dusky rat (Rattus colletti) – Australia
Bush rat (Rattus fuscipes) – Australia
Australian swamp rat (Rattus lutreolus) – Australia
Dusky field rat (Rattus sordidus) – Australia, Indonesia, and Papua New Guinea
Pale field rat (Rattus tunneyi) – Australia
Long-haired rat (Rattus villosissimus) – Australia
參看
- 鼠肉
東方鼠蝨：蚤科
參考文獻
延伸閱讀
- Barnett, S. Anthony (2002) The Story of Rats: Their Impact on Us, and Our Impact on Them, Allen & Unwin, Crows Nest, NSW, 202 pages, ISBN 1-86508-519-7.
- Hendrickson, R. (1983) More Cunning than Man: A Complete History of the Rat and its Role in Civilization, Kensington Books. ISBN 1-57566-393-7.
- Jahn, G. C., P. Cox, S. Mak, and N. Chhorn (1999) "Farmer participatory research on rat management in Cambodia", In G. Singleton, L. Hinds, H. Leirs and Zhibin Zhang [Eds.] Ecologically-based rodent management ACIAR, Canberra. Ch. 17, pp. 358–371. ISBN 1-86320-262-5.
Leung, LKP; Cox, Peter G.; Jahn, G. C.; Nugent, Robert. Evaluating rodent management with Cambodian rice farmers. Cambodian Journal of Agriculture. 2002, 5: 21–26.
- Matthews, I. (1898). Full Revelations of a Professional Rat-Catcher, after 25 Years’ Experience. 1st ed. Manchester: Friendly Societies Printing Co. ISBN 1-905124-64-3.
- Musser, G. G. and M. D. Carleton. 1993. "Family Muridae" in D. E. Wilson and D. M. Reeder eds. "Mammal Species of the World a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference", Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C. pp. 501–755.
- Nowak, R. M. (1999) Walker's Mammals of the World Vol. 2. Johns Hopkins University Press, London.
- Sullivan, Robert (2004). Rats: A Year with New York's Most Unwanted Inhabitants. Granta Books, London.
- Sullivan, Robert (2005). Rats: Observations on the History and Habitat of the City's Most Unwanted Inhabitants. Bloomsbury USA. ISBN 1-58234-477-9.
外部連結
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维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源：大鼠屬 |
- High-Resolution Images of the Rat Brain
- National Bio Resource Project for the Rat in Japan
- Rat Behaviour and Biology
- Rat Genome Database
维基文库中相關的文本：**Rat. New International Encyclopedia. 1905.
Rat. 大英百科全書 第十一版. 1911年.
Rat. Encyclopedia Americana. 1920.
维基文库中相關的文本：**Rat. New International Encyclopedia. 1905.
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