15 kV AC railway electrification

A pylon of a single phase AC 110 kV-powerline near Bartholomä in Germany. Lines of these type are used in Germany to supply electric railways with single phase AC at 16.7 hertz. In the substations of the railway, transformers are used to step it down to 15 kV.

The 15 kV, 16.7 Hz AC railway electrification system is used in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Sweden and Norway. The high voltage enables high power transmission with the lower frequency reducing the losses of the traction motors that were available at the beginning of the 20th century. Railway electrification in late 20th century tends to use 25 kV, 50 Hz AC systems which has become the preferred standard for new railway electrifications but extensions of the existing 15 kV networks are not completely unlikely. In particular, the Gotthard Base Tunnel (opened on 1 June 2016) still uses 15 kV, 16.7 Hz electrification.

Due to high conversion costs, it is unlikely that existing 15 kV, 16.7 Hz systems will be converted to 25 kV, 50 Hz despite the fact that this would reduce the weight of the on-board step-down transformers to one third that of the present devices.

Contents

• 
  1 History
  
  
  
  • 
    1.1 Distribution networks
    
  
  
  • 
    1.2 Generation and conversion
    
    
    
    • 
      1.2.1 Asynchronous converters
      
    
    
    • 
      1.2.2 Synchronous converters
      
    
    
    
    
  
  
  
  


• 
  2 Facilities for 15 kV AC railway electrification in Germany, Austria and Switzerland
  


• 
  3 Germany
  
  
  
  • 
    3.1 Substations
    
  
  
  • 
    3.2 Switching stations
    
  
  
  • 
    3.3 Central converter plants
    
  
  
  • 
    3.4 Local converter plants
    
  
  
  • 
    3.5 Power plants
    
  
  
  • 
    3.6 Points where two powerlines for traction current crosses each other without interconnection
    
  
  
  • 
    3.7 Border-crossing power lines
    
    
    
    • 
      3.7.1 Germany – Austria
      
    
    
    • 
      3.7.2 Former border between West and East Germany
      
    
    
    
    
  
  
  
  


• 
  4 Switzerland
  
  
  
  • 
    4.1 Substations
    
  
  
  • 
    4.2 Central converter plants
    
  
  
  • 
    4.3 Switching stations
    
  
  
  • 
    4.4 Power plants
    
  
  
  • 
    4.5 Points, where two powerlines for traction current crosses each other without interconnection
    
  
  
  • 
    4.6 Border-crossing power lines
    
    
    
    • 
      4.6.1 Germany–Switzerland
      
    
    
    
    
  
  
  
  


• 
  5 Austria
  
  
  
  • 
    5.1 Substations
    
  
  
  • 
    5.2 Central converter plants
    
  
  
  • 
    5.3 Power plants
    
  
  
  • 
    5.4 Points, where two powerlines for traction current crosses each other without interconnection
    
  
  
  
  


• 
  6 Norway
  


• 
  7 Sweden
  


• 
  8 See also
  


• 
  9 References
  


• 
  10 External links
  

History

The first electrified railways used series-wound DC motors, first at 600 V and then 1,500 V. Areas with 3 kV DC catenaries (primarily in Eastern Europe) used two 1,500 V DC motors in series. But even at 3 kV, the current needed to power a heavy train (particularly in rural and mountainous areas) can be excessive. Although increasing the transmission voltage decreases the current and associated resistive losses for a given power, insulation limits make higher voltage traction motors impractical. Transformers on each locomotive are thus required to step high transmission voltages down to practical motor operating voltages. Before the development of suitable ways to efficiently transform DC currents through power electronics, efficient transformers strictly required alternating current (AC); thus high voltage electrified railways adopted AC along with the electric power distribution system (see War of Currents).

The 50 Hz (60 Hz in North America) AC grid was already established at the beginning of the 20th century. Although series-wound motors can in principle run on AC as well as DC (the reason they are also known as universal motors) large series-wound traction motors had problems with such high frequencies. High inductive reactance of the motor windings caused commutator flashover problems and the non-laminated magnetic pole-pieces originally designed for DC exhibited excessive eddy current losses. Using a lower AC frequency alleviated both problems.

In the German-speaking countries, high-voltage electrification began at ​16 ²⁄₃ hertz, exactly one third of the national power grid frequency of 50 Hz. This facilitated the operation of rotary converters from the grid frequency and allowed dedicated railway power generators to operate at the same shaft speed as a standard 50 Hz generator by reducing the number of poles by a factor of three. For example, a generator turning at 1,000 rpm would be wound with two poles rather than six.

Separate plants supply railway power in Austria, Switzerland and Germany, except for Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and Saxony-Anhalt; converters powered by the grid supply railway power in those two German states plus Sweden and Norway. Norway also has two hydro-electric power plants dedicated for railway power with ​16 ²⁄₃ hertz output.

The first generators were synchronous AC generators or synchronous transformers; however, with the introduction of modern double fed induction generators, the control current induced an undesired DC component, leading to pole overheating problems. This was solved by shifting the frequency slightly away from exactly ⅓ the grid frequency; 16.7 hertz was arbitrarily chosen to remain within the tolerance of existing traction motors. Austria, Switzerland and Southern Germany switched their power plants to 16.7 Hz on 16 October 1995 at 12:00 CET.^[1][2] Note that regional electrified sections run by synchronous generators keep their frequency of ​16 ²⁄₃ Hz just as Sweden and Norway still run their railway networks at ​16 ²⁄₃ Hz throughout.

One of the disadvantages of 16.7 Hz locomotives as compared to 50 Hz or 60 Hz locomotives is the heavier transformer required to reduce the overhead line voltage to that used by the motors and their speed control gear. Low frequency transformers need to have heavier magnetic cores and larger windings for the same level of power conversion. (See effect of frequency on the design of transformers.) The heavier transformers also lead to higher axle loads than for those of a higher frequency. This, in turn, leads to increased track wear and increases the need for more frequent track maintenance. The Czech Railways encountered the problem of the reduced power handling of lower frequency transformers when they rebuilt some 25 kV AC, 50 Hz locomotives (series 340) to operate on 15 kV AC, 16.7 Hz lines. As a result of using the same transformer cores (originally designed for 50 Hz) at the lower frequency, the transformers had to be de-rated to one third of their original power handling capability, thereby reducing the available tractive effort by the same amount (to around 1,000 kW).

These drawbacks, plus the need for a separate supply infrastructure and the lack of any technical advantages with modern motors and controllers has limited the use of ​16 ²⁄₃ Hz and 16.7 Hz beyond the original five countries. Most other countries electrified their railways at the utility frequency of 50/60 Hz. Newer European electrification is mostly 25 kV AC at 50 Hz (primarily in Eastern Europe). Conversion to this voltage/frequency requires higher voltage insulators and greater clearance between lines and bridges and other structures. This is now standard for new overhead lines as well as for modernizing old installations.

Simple European standardization with an alignment of voltage/frequency across Europe is not necessarily cost-effective since trans-border traction is more limited by the differing national standards in other areas. To equip an electric locomotive with a transformer for two or more input voltages is cheap compared to the cost of installing multiple train protection systems^{[citation needed]} and to run them through the approval procedure to get access to the railway network in other countries. However, some new high-speed lines to neighbouring countries are already intended to be built to 25 kV (e.g. in Austria to Eastern Europe). Newer locomotives are always built with asynchronous motor control systems that have no problem with a range of input frequencies including DC. However the Deutsche Bahn train operator does still use older models from the standard electric locomotive series - even though some are now as much as 50 years old. As soon as these obsolescent models are decommissioned, it will be easier to standardise, but this may take a few decades to happen. Meanwhile, the Deutsche Bahn tends to order train sets that are capable of running multiple electrification systems.

Distribution networks

single-phase (two-wire) lines coming out of a converter plant

Main article: Electric power transmission

In Germany (except Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and Saxony-Anhalt), Austria and Switzerland, there is a separate single-phase power distribution grid for railway power at 16.7 Hz; the voltage is 110 kV in Germany and Austria and 132 kV in Switzerland. This system is called the centralized railway energy supply. A separate single-phase power distribution grid makes the recuperation of energy during braking extremely easy in comparison with 25 kV 50 Hz system tied to 3 phase distribution grid.

In Sweden, Norway, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and Saxony-Anhalt, the power is taken directly from the three-phase grid (110 kV at 50 Hz), converted to low frequency single phase and fed into the overhead line. This system is called the decentralized (i.e. local) railway energy supply.

Generation and conversion

The centralized system is supplied by special power plants that generate 110 kV (or 132 kV in the Swiss system) AC at 16.7 Hz and by rotary converters or AC/AC converters that are supplied from the national power grid (e.g. 110 kV, 50 Hz), they convert it to 55-0-55 kV (or 66-0-66 kV) AC at 16.7 Hz. The 0 V point is connected to earth through an inductance so that each conductor of the single phase AC power line has a voltage of 55 kV (or 66 kV) with respect to earth potential. This is similar to split-phase electric power systems and results in a balanced line transmission. The inductance through which the earthing is done is designed to limit earth currents in cases of faults on the line. At the transformer substations, the voltage is transformed from 110 kV (or 132 kV) AC to 15 kV AC and the energy is fed into the overhead line.

Asynchronous converters

The frequency of 16.7 Hz depends on the necessity to avoid synchronism in parts of the rotary machine, which consists principally of a three phase asynchronous motor and a single phase synchronous generator. Since synchronism sets in at a frequency of ​16 ²⁄₃ Hz (according to the technical details) in the single phase system, the frequency of the centralized system was set to 16.7 Hz.

Power plants providing 110 kV, 16.7 Hz, are either dedicated to generating this specific single phase AC or have special generators for the purpose, such as the Neckarwestheim nuclear power plant or the Walchensee hydroelectric power station.

Synchronous converters

The power for the decentralized system is taken directly from the national power grid and directly transformed and converted into 15 kV, ​16 ²⁄₃ Hz by synchronous-synchronous-converters or static converters. Both systems need additional transformers. The converters consist of a three-phase synchronous motor and a single-phase synchronous generator. The decentralized system in the north-east of Germany was established by the Deutsche Reichsbahn in the 1980s, because there was no centralized system available in these areas.

Facilities for 15 kV AC railway electrification in Germany, Austria and Switzerland

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Main article: List of installations for 15 kV AC railway electrification in Germany, Austria and Switzerland

Germany, Austria and Switzerland operate the largest interconnected 15 kV AC system with central generation, and central and local converter plants.

Germany

Substations

In these facilities electricity is transformed down from 110 kV-level of DB to 15 kV.
There is no conversion or generation of power.

Facility	Coordinates
Aalen	48°49′20″N 10°02′31″E / 48.82222°N 10.04194°E / 48.82222; 10.04194 (Unterwerk Aalen)
Adelsheim	49°24′57″N 9°24′17″E / 49.41583°N 9.40472°E / 49.41583; 9.40472 (Unterwerk Adelsheim)
Almstedt	52°01′53″N 9°56′26″E / 52.03139°N 9.94056°E / 52.03139; 9.94056 (Unterwerk Almstedt)
Amstetten	48°34′08″N 9°52′37″E / 48.56889°N 9.87694°E / 48.56889; 9.87694 (Unterwerk Amstetten)
Appenweier	48°32′37″N 7°58′23″E / 48.54361°N 7.97306°E / 48.54361; 7.97306 (Unterwerk Appenweier)
Aschaffenburg	49°59′08″N 9°05′33″E / 49.98556°N 9.09250°E / 49.98556; 9.09250 (Unterwerk Aschaffenburg)
Aubing	48°09′08″N 11°26′40″E / 48.15222°N 11.44444°E / 48.15222; 11.44444 (Unterwerk Aubing)
Augsburg	48°23′54″N 10°52′0″E / 48.39833°N 10.86667°E / 48.39833; 10.86667 (Unterwerk Augsburg)
Bachstedt (planned)	51°03′18″N 11°11′32″E / 51.05500°N 11.19222°E / 51.05500; 11.19222 (Unterwerk Bachstedt (planned))
Baden-Baden	48°44′03″N 8°08′49″E / 48.73417°N 8.14694°E / 48.73417; 8.14694 (Unterwerk Baden-Baden)
Bad Reichenhall	47°44′51″N 12°54′09″E / 47.74750°N 12.90250°E / 47.74750; 12.90250 (Unterwerk Bad Reichenhall)
Barnstorf	52°42′26″N 8°30′40″E / 52.70722°N 8.51111°E / 52.70722; 8.51111 (Unterwerk Barnsdorf)
Bebra	50°58′32″N 9°47′23″E / 50.97556°N 9.78972°E / 50.97556; 9.78972 (Unterwerk Bebra)
Bengel	50°0′34″N 7°03′23″E / 50.00944°N 7.05639°E / 50.00944; 7.05639 (Unterwerk Bengel)
Berlin-Schönefeld	52°23′39″N 13°31′03″E / 52.39417°N 13.51750°E / 52.39417; 13.51750 (Unterwerk Berlin-Schönefeld)
Biblis	49°41′03″N 8°26′39″E / 49.68417°N 8.44417°E / 49.68417; 8.44417 (Unterwerk Biblis)
Bingen	49°57′16″N 7°56′54″E / 49.95444°N 7.94833°E / 49.95444; 7.94833 (Unterwerk Bingen)
Böhla	51°14′08″N 13°32′44″E / 51.23556°N 13.54556°E / 51.23556; 13.54556 (Unterwerk Böhla)
Boizenburg	53°23′29″N 10°43′58″E / 53.39139°N 10.73278°E / 53.39139; 10.73278 (Unterwerk Boizenburg)
Borken ( part of converter)	51°03′07″N 9°17′01″E / 51.05194°N 9.28361°E / 51.05194; 9.28361 (Unterwerk Borken ( part of converter))
Borne	52°06′40″N 12°32′28″E / 52.11111°N 12.54111°E / 52.11111; 12.54111 (Unterwerk Borne)
Braunschweig	52°16′09″N 10°38′24″E / 52.26917°N 10.64000°E / 52.26917; 10.64000 (Unterwerk Braunschweig)
Buchholz	53°19′20″N 9°51′44″E / 53.32222°N 9.86222°E / 53.32222; 9.86222 (Unterwerk Buchholz)
Burgdorf	47°03′44″N 7°36′41″E / 47.06222°N 7.61139°E / 47.06222; 7.61139 (Unterwerk Burgdorf)
Burgweinting	48°58′53″N 12°09′13″E / 48.98139°N 12.15361°E / 48.98139; 12.15361 (Unterwerk Burgweinting)
Chemnitz ( part of converter)	50°51′44″N 12°56′21″E / 50.86222°N 12.93917°E / 50.86222; 12.93917 (Chemnitz ( part of converter))
Datteln	51°37′43″N 7°20′03″E / 51.62861°N 7.33417°E / 51.62861; 7.33417 (Unterwerk Datteln)
Denkendorf	48°56′19″N 11°27′19″E / 48.93861°N 11.45528°E / 48.93861; 11.45528 (Unterwerk Denkendorf)
Donauwörth	48°42′58″N 10°45′43″E / 48.71611°N 10.76194°E / 48.71611; 10.76194 (Unterwerk Donauwörth)
Dörstewitz (planned)	51°23′35″N 11°54′16″E / 51.39306°N 11.90444°E / 51.39306; 11.90444 (Unterwerk Dörstewitz (planned))
Dortmund	51°30′38″N 7°24′03″E / 51.51056°N 7.40083°E / 51.51056; 7.40083 (Unterwerk Dortmund)
Dortmund-Scharnhorst	51°32′14″N 7°31′56″E / 51.53722°N 7.53222°E / 51.53722; 7.53222 (Unterwerk Dortmund-Scharnhorst)
Dresden ( part of converter)	50°59′40″N 13°50′06″E / 50.99444°N 13.83500°E / 50.99444; 13.83500 (Unterwerk Dresden ( part of converter))
Duisburg	51°24′45″N 6°47′33″E / 51.41250°N 6.79250°E / 51.41250; 6.79250 (Unterwerk Duisburg)
Düsseldorf	51°13′18″N 6°50′11″E / 51.22167°N 6.83639°E / 51.22167; 6.83639 (Unterwerk Düsseldorf)
Ebensfeld	50°05′0″N 10°57′41″E / 50.08333°N 10.96139°E / 50.08333; 10.96139 (Unterwerk Ebensfeld)
Eggolsheim	49°45′10″N 11°03′27″E / 49.75278°N 11.05750°E / 49.75278; 11.05750 (Unterwerk Eggolsheim)
Eichenberg	51°22′34″N 9°55′31″E / 51.37611°N 9.92528°E / 51.37611; 9.92528 (Unterwerk Eichenberg)
Eilenburg	51°26′48″N 12°37′08″E / 51.44667°N 12.61889°E / 51.44667; 12.61889 (Unterwerk Eilenburg)
Eischleben (planned)	50°53′02″N 10°58′55″E / 50.88389°N 10.98194°E / 50.88389; 10.98194 (Unterwerk Eischleben (planned))
Eisenach	50°57′51″N 10°22′19″E / 50.96417°N 10.37194°E / 50.96417; 10.37194 (Unterwerk Eisenach)
Elmshorn	53°45′45″N 9°39′17″E / 53.76250°N 9.65472°E / 53.76250; 9.65472 (Unterwerk Elmshorn)
Elsfleth	53°16′52″N 8°28′26″E / 53.28111°N 8.47389°E / 53.28111; 8.47389 (Unterwerk Elsfleth)
Emden	53°21′30″N 7°13′11″E / 53.35833°N 7.21972°E / 53.35833; 7.21972 (Unterwerk Emden)
Emskirchen	49°33′30″N 10°41′43″E / 49.55833°N 10.69528°E / 49.55833; 10.69528 (Unterwerk Emskirchen)
Essen	51°27′24″N 7°01′39″E / 51.45667°N 7.02750°E / 51.45667; 7.02750 (Unterwerk Essen)
Eutingen	48°28′47″N 8°46′44″E / 48.47972°N 8.77889°E / 48.47972; 8.77889 (Unterwerk Eutingen)
Eystrup	52°47′32″N 9°13′45″E / 52.79222°N 9.22917°E / 52.79222; 9.22917 (Unterwerk Eystrup)
Fallersleben	52°25′16″N 10°40′30″E / 52.42111°N 10.67500°E / 52.42111; 10.67500 (Unterwerk Fallersleben)
Finnentrop	51°10′03″N 7°58′01″E / 51.16750°N 7.96694°E / 51.16750; 7.96694 (Unterwerk Finnentrop)
Flieden	50°25′08″N 9°34′18″E / 50.41889°N 9.57167°E / 50.41889; 9.57167 (Unterwerk Fliedern)
Flörsheim	50°0′17″N 8°24′54″E / 50.00472°N 8.41500°E / 50.00472; 8.41500 (Unterwerk Flörsheim)
Freiburg	47°58′52″N 7°49′41″E / 47.98111°N 7.82806°E / 47.98111; 7.82806 (Unterwerk Freiburg)
Friedberg	50°19′28″N 8°46′25″E / 50.32444°N 8.77361°E / 50.32444; 8.77361 (Unterwerk Friedberg)
Fronhausen	50°41′55″N 8°41′53″E / 50.69861°N 8.69806°E / 50.69861; 8.69806 (Unterwerk Fronhausen)
Fulda	50°32′40″N 9°41′28″E / 50.54444°N 9.69111°E / 50.54444; 9.69111 (Unterwerk Fulda)
Gabelbach	48°22′45″N 10°33′35″E / 48.37917°N 10.55972°E / 48.37917; 10.55972 (Unterwerk Gabelbach)
Garssen	52°40′30″N 10°07′44″E / 52.67500°N 10.12889°E / 52.67500; 10.12889 (Unterwerk Garssen)
Geisenbrunn	48°06′29″N 11°19′51″E / 48.10806°N 11.33083°E / 48.10806; 11.33083 (Unterwerk Geisenbrunn)
Geltendorf	48°06′21″N 11°01′48″E / 48.10583°N 11.03000°E / 48.10583; 11.03000 (Unterwerk Geltendorf)
Gemünden	50°03′35″N 9°40′38″E / 50.05972°N 9.67722°E / 50.05972; 9.67722 (Unterwerk Gemünden)
Genshagener Heide	52°20′05″N 13°16′38″E / 52.33472°N 13.27722°E / 52.33472; 13.27722 (Unterwerk Genshager Heide)
Gleidingen	52°16′01″N 9°50′06″E / 52.26694°N 9.83500°E / 52.26694; 9.83500 (Unterwerk Gleidingen)
Golm	52°24′10″N 12°58′08″E / 52.40278°N 12.96889°E / 52.40278; 12.96889 (Unterwerk Golm)
Gössnitz (old)	50°52′36″N 12°25′10″E / 50.87667°N 12.41944°E / 50.87667; 12.41944 (Unterwerk Gössnitz)
Gössnitz (new)	50°54′07″N 12°25′59″E / 50.90194°N 12.43306°E / 50.90194; 12.43306 (Unterwerk Gössnitz)
Grafing	48°02′53″N 11°56′12″E / 48.04806°N 11.93667°E / 48.04806; 11.93667 (Unterwerk Gössnitz)
Grönhart	48°59′29″N 10°55′48″E / 48.99139°N 10.93000°E / 48.99139; 10.93000 (Unterwerk Grafing)
Grossheringen	51°06′22″N 11°39′19″E / 51.10611°N 11.65528°E / 51.10611; 11.65528 (Unterwerk Grossheringen)
Grosskorbetha	51°15′12″N 12°01′14″E / 51.25333°N 12.02056°E / 51.25333; 12.02056 (Unterwerk Grosskorbetha)
Grünauer Kreuz ( switching post)	52°25′31″N 13°33′42″E / 52.42528°N 13.56167°E / 52.42528; 13.56167 (Unterwerk Grünauer Kreuz ( switching post))
Güsen	52°20′07″N 11°58′42″E / 52.33528°N 11.97833°E / 52.33528; 11.97833 (Unterwerk Gütha)
Hagen	51°24′32″N 7°27′43″E / 51.40889°N 7.46194°E / 51.40889; 7.46194 (Unterwerk Hagen)
Hahn (planned)	53°17′42″N 8°09′52″E / 53.29500°N 8.16444°E / 53.29500; 8.16444 (Unterwerk Hahn (planned))
Halbe (fed from 15 kV line from Neuhof)	52°07′00″N 13°41′31″E / 52.11667°N 13.69194°E / 52.11667; 13.69194 (Unterwerk Halbe)
Haltingen	47°36′19″N 7°36′40″E / 47.60528°N 7.61111°E / 47.60528; 7.61111 (Unterwerk Haltingen)
Hamburg-Harburg ( part of converter)	53°26′57″N 10°00′02″E / 53.44917°N 10.00056°E / 53.44917; 10.00056 (Unterwerk Hamburg-Harburg ( part of converter))
Hameln	52°08′26″N 9°26′43″E / 52.14056°N 9.44528°E / 52.14056; 9.44528 (Unterwerk Hameln)
Haren	52°47′02″N 7°18′04″E / 52.78389°N 7.30111°E / 52.78389; 7.30111 (Unterwerk Haren)
Heeren	52°34′28″N 11°52′05″E / 52.57444°N 11.86806°E / 52.57444; 11.86806 (Unterwerk Heeren)
Herbolzheim	48°13′58″N 7°46′09″E / 48.23278°N 7.76917°E / 48.23278; 7.76917 (Unterwerk Herbolzheim)
Herchen	50°46′11″N 7°31′19″E / 50.76972°N 7.52194°E / 50.76972; 7.52194 (Unterwerk Herchen)
Hessental	49°05′58″N 9°46′36″E / 49.09944°N 9.77667°E / 49.09944; 9.77667 (Unterwerk Hessental)
Höchst	50°06′12″N 8°33′28″E / 50.10333°N 8.55778°E / 50.10333; 8.55778 (Unterwerk Höchst)
Holzkirchen	47°53′0″N 11°41′56″E / 47.88333°N 11.69889°E / 47.88333; 11.69889 (Unterwerk Holzkirchen)
Ihringshausen	51°21′07″N 9°32′14″E / 51.35194°N 9.53722°E / 51.35194; 9.53722 (Unterwerk Ihringshausen)
Ilmenau-Wolfsberg (planned)	50°41′17″N 10°59′54″E / 50.68806°N 10.99833°E / 50.68806; 10.99833 (Unterwerk Ilmenau-Wolfsberg (planned))
Ingolstadt	48°46′48″N 11°25′34″E / 48.78000°N 11.42611°E / 48.78000; 11.42611 (Unterwerk Ingolstadt)
Jübek ( part of converter)	54°33′25″N 9°24′35″E / 54.55694°N 9.40972°E / 54.55694; 9.40972 (Unterwerk Jübek ( part of converter))
Kaiserslautern	49°26′16″N 7°42′19″E / 49.43778°N 7.70528°E / 49.43778; 7.70528 (Unterwerk Kaiserslautern)
Karow	52°36′29″N 13°27′30″E / 52.60806°N 13.45833°E / 52.60806; 13.45833 (Unterwerk Karow)
Karthaus	49°42′28″N 6°35′28″E / 49.70778°N 6.59111°E / 49.70778; 6.59111 (Unterwerk Karthaus)
Kirchheim	50°52′40″N 9°35′13″E / 50.87778°N 9.58694°E / 50.87778; 9.58694 (Unterwerk Kirchheim)
Kirchmöser	52°22′55″N 12°24′36″E / 52.38194°N 12.41000°E / 52.38194; 12.41000 (Unterwerk Kirchmöser)
Klebitz	51°56′32″N 12°50′12″E / 51.94222°N 12.83667°E / 51.94222; 12.83667 (Unterwerk Klebitz)
Koblenz	50°23′12″N 7°33′52″E / 50.38667°N 7.56444°E / 50.38667; 7.56444 (Unterwerk Koblenz)
Köln ( part of converter)	50°54′14″N 7°02′55″E / 50.90389°N 7.04861°E / 50.90389; 7.04861 (Unterwerk Köln ( part of converter))
Köln-Mülheim	50°58′21″N 7°01′07″E / 50.97250°N 7.01861°E / 50.97250; 7.01861 (Unterwerk Köln-Mülheim)
Körle	51°10′51″N 9°31′48″E / 51.18083°N 9.53000°E / 51.18083; 9.53000 (Unterwerk Körle)
Kreiensen	51°50′54″N 9°58′11″E / 51.84833°N 9.96972°E / 51.84833; 9.96972 (Unterwerk Kreiensen)
Kyhna	51°30′42″N 12°16′50″E / 51.51167°N 12.28056°E / 51.51167; 12.28056 (Unterwerk Kyhna)
Landshut	48°32′48″N 12°06′31″E / 48.54667°N 12.10861°E / 48.54667; 12.10861 (Unterwerk Landshut)
Leer	53°12′48″N 7°27′53″E / 53.21333°N 7.46472°E / 53.21333; 7.46472 (Unterwerk Leer)
Lehrte ( part of converter)	52°22′54″N 9°57′20″E / 52.38167°N 9.95556°E / 52.38167; 9.95556 (Unterwerk Lehrte ( part of converter))
Leipzig-Wahren	51°22′55″N 12°18′47″E / 51.38194°N 12.31306°E / 51.38194; 12.31306 (Unterwerk Leipzig-Wahren)
Leonberg	48°47′35″N 8°58′28″E / 48.79306°N 8.97444°E / 48.79306; 8.97444 (Unterwerk Aalen)
Limburg	50°22′45″N 8°05′59″E / 50.37917°N 8.09972°E / 50.37917; 8.09972 (Unterwerk Limburg)
Löhne	52°11′42″N 8°42′35″E / 52.19500°N 8.70972°E / 52.19500; 8.70972 (Unterwerk Löhne)
Lüneburg	53°16′01″N 10°24′42″E / 53.26694°N 10.41167°E / 53.26694; 10.41167 (Unterwerk Lüneburg)
Magdeburg	52°09′12″N 11°39′35″E / 52.15333°N 11.65972°E / 52.15333; 11.65972 (Unterwerk Magdeburg)
Mainbernheim	49°42′0″N 10°12′39″E / 49.70000°N 10.21083°E / 49.70000; 10.21083 (Unterwerk Mainbernheim)
Mannheim	49°26′27″N 8°33′43″E / 49.44083°N 8.56194°E / 49.44083; 8.56194 (Unterwerk Mannheim)
Markt Bibart	49°38′48″N 10°25′24″E / 49.64667°N 10.42333°E / 49.64667; 10.42333 (Unterwerk Markt Bibart)
Markt Schwaben	48°11′06″N 11°50′59″E / 48.18500°N 11.84972°E / 48.18500; 11.84972 (Unterwerk Markt Schwaben)
Marl ( part of converter)	51°39′42″N 7°10′45″E / 51.66167°N 7.17917°E / 51.66167; 7.17917 (Unterwerk Marl ( part of converter))
Meckesheim	49°19′45″N 8°48′19″E / 49.32917°N 8.80528°E / 49.32917; 8.80528 (Unterwerk Meckesheim)
Mehrhoog	51°44′55″N 6°29′57″E / 51.74861°N 6.49917°E / 51.74861; 6.49917 (Unterwerk Mehrhoog)
Montabaur	50°26′43″N 7°49′13″E / 50.44528°N 7.82028°E / 50.44528; 7.82028 (Unterwerk Montabeur)
Mörlach	49°11′57″N 11°14′24″E / 49.19917°N 11.24000°E / 49.19917; 11.24000 (Unterwerk Mörlach)
Mottgers	50°16′43″N 9°39′21″E / 50.27861°N 9.65583°E / 50.27861; 9.65583 (Unterwerk Mottgers)
Mühlacker	48°57′06″N 8°50′15″E / 48.95167°N 8.83750°E / 48.95167; 8.83750 (Unterwerk Mühlacker)
Mühlanger	51°51′02″N 12°45′54″E / 51.85056°N 12.76500°E / 51.85056; 12.76500 (Unterwerk Mühlanger)
Muldenstein	51°39′31″N 12°21′01″E / 51.65861°N 12.35028°E / 51.65861; 12.35028 (Unterwerk Muldenstein)
Müllheim	47°48′20″N 7°35′44″E / 47.80556°N 7.59556°E / 47.80556; 7.59556 (Unterwerk Müllheim)
München-Freimann	48°11′56″N 11°36′30″E / 48.19889°N 11.60833°E / 48.19889; 11.60833 (Unterwerk München-Freimann)
München-Ost	48°08′13″N 11°39′02″E / 48.13694°N 11.65056°E / 48.13694; 11.65056 (Unterwerk München-Ost)
Münster	51°55′25″N 7°38′05″E / 51.92361°N 7.63472°E / 51.92361; 7.63472 (Unterwerk Münster)
Murnau	47°41′19″N 11°11′33″E / 47.68861°N 11.19250°E / 47.68861; 11.19250 (Unterwerk Murnau)
Nannhofen	48°12′58″N 11°11′20″E / 48.21611°N 11.18889°E / 48.21611; 11.18889 (Unterwerk Nannhofen)
Neckarelz	49°20′21″N 9°07′0″E / 49.33917°N 9.11667°E / 49.33917; 9.11667 (Unterwerk Neckarelz)
Neumarkt (Oberpfalz)	49°16′06″N 11°27′45″E / 49.26833°N 11.46250°E / 49.26833; 11.46250 (Unterwerk Neumarkt)
Neudittendorf	50°54′29″N 10°53′38″E / 50.90806°N 10.89389°E / 50.90806; 10.89389 (Unterwerk Neudittendorf)
Neuhof	52°08′03″N 13°28′49″E / 52.13417°N 13.48028°E / 52.13417; 13.48028 (Unterwerk Neuhof)
Neumünster	54°06′33″N 9°56′49″E / 54.10917°N 9.94694°E / 54.10917; 9.94694 (Unterwerk Neumünster)
Neu-Ulm ( part of converter)	48°23′52″N 10°01′18″E / 48.39778°N 10.02167°E / 48.39778; 10.02167 (Unterwerk Neu-Ulm ( part of converter))
Niedernhausen	50°09′24″N 8°19′09″E / 50.15667°N 8.31917°E / 50.15667; 8.31917 (Unterwerk Niedernhausen)
Niemberg	51°33′33″N 12°06′10″E / 51.55917°N 12.10278°E / 51.55917; 12.10278 (Unterwerk Niemberg)
Nörten-Hardenberg	51°38′21″N 9°56′12″E / 51.63917°N 9.93667°E / 51.63917; 9.93667 (Unterwerk Nörten-Hardenberg)
Nürnberg ( part of converter)	49°25′22″N 11°00′30″E / 49.42278°N 11.00833°E / 49.42278; 11.00833 (Nürnberg ( part of converter))
Nürnberg-Stein ( part of converter)	49°25′47″N 11°00′19″E / 49.42972°N 11.00528°E / 49.42972; 11.00528 (Nürnberg-Stein ( part of converter))
Oberacker	49°05′23″N 8°43′55″E / 49.08972°N 8.73194°E / 49.08972; 8.73194 (Unterwerk Oberacker)
Oberdachstetten	49°25′03″N 10°25′31″E / 49.41750°N 10.42528°E / 49.41750; 10.42528 (Unterwerk Oberdachstetten)
Oelde	51°49′31″N 8°07′27″E / 51.82528°N 8.12417°E / 51.82528; 8.12417 (Unterwerk Oelde)
Offenbach am Main	50°06′13″N 8°47′17″E / 50.10361°N 8.78806°E / 50.10361; 8.78806 (Unterwerk Offenbach (Main))
Offenburg	48°27′30″N 7°55′10″E / 48.45833°N 7.91944°E / 48.45833; 7.91944 (Unterwerk Offenburg)
Orscheid	50°39′18″N 7°19′24″E / 50.65500°N 7.32333°E / 50.65500; 7.32333 (Unterwerk Orscheid)
Osnabrück	52°15′56″N 8°07′04″E / 52.26556°N 8.11778°E / 52.26556; 8.11778 (Unterwerk Osnabrück)
Plattling	48°46′49″N 12°51′08″E / 48.78028°N 12.85222°E / 48.78028; 12.85222 (Unterwerk Plattling)
Plochingen	48°43′08″N 9°23′31″E / 48.71889°N 9.39194°E / 48.71889; 9.39194 (Unterwerk Plochingen)
Pretzier	52°49′48″N 11°16′49″E / 52.83000°N 11.28028°E / 52.83000; 11.28028 (Unterwerk Pretzier)
Pulling	48°22′12″N 11°42′50″E / 48.37000°N 11.71389°E / 48.37000; 11.71389 (Unterwerk Pulling)
Rathenow	52°35′26″N 12°16′39″E / 52.59056°N 12.27750°E / 52.59056; 12.27750 (Unterwerk Rathenow)
Remagen	50°34′06″N 7°14′35″E / 50.56833°N 7.24306°E / 50.56833; 7.24306 (Unterwerk Remagen)
Rethen	52°17′29″N 9°48′47″E / 52.29139°N 9.81306°E / 52.29139; 9.81306 (Unterwerk Rethen)
Riesa	51°18′41″N 13°16′0″E / 51.31139°N 13.26667°E / 51.31139; 13.26667 (Unterwerk Riesa)
Ritterhude	53°11′37″N 8°45′47″E / 53.19361°N 8.76306°E / 53.19361; 8.76306 (Unterwerk Ritterhude)
Rödelheim	50°08′29″N 8°35′49″E / 50.14139°N 8.59694°E / 50.14139; 8.59694 (Unterwerk Rödelheim)
Rohrbach	49°58′59″N 9°42′12″E / 49.98306°N 9.70333°E / 49.98306; 9.70333 (Unterwerk Rohrbach)
Röhrmoos	48°19′24″N 11°26′49″E / 48.32333°N 11.44694°E / 48.32333; 11.44694 (Unterwerk Rohrbach)
Rosenheim	47°50′44″N 12°07′58″E / 47.84556°N 12.13278°E / 47.84556; 12.13278 (Unterwerk Rosenheim)
Rotenburg ( new)	53°06′28″N 9°21′06″E / 53.10778°N 9.35167°E / 53.10778; 9.35167 (Unterwerk Rotenburg ( new))
Rotenburg ( old)	53°06′26″N 9°21′17″E / 53.10722°N 9.35472°E / 53.10722; 9.35472 (Unterwerk Rotenburg ( old))
Roth (planned)	50°22′57″N 11°02′13″E / 50.38250°N 11.03694°E / 50.38250; 11.03694 (Unterwerk Roth (planned))
Rottweil	48°07′56″N 8°39′18″E / 48.13222°N 8.65500°E / 48.13222; 8.65500 (Unterwerk Rottweil)
Rudersdorf	50°50′04″N 8°8′58″E / 50.83444°N 8.14944°E / 50.83444; 8.14944 (Unterwerk Rudersdorf)
Saalfeld	50°38′42″N 11°22′35″E / 50.64500°N 11.37639°E / 50.64500; 11.37639 (Unterwerk Saalfeld)
Saarbrücken ( part of converter)	49°14′38″N 6°58′40″E / 49.24389°N 6.97778°E / 49.24389; 6.97778 (Unterwerk Saarbrücken ( part of converter))
Salzbergen	52°19′42″N 7°20′39″E / 52.32833°N 7.34417°E / 52.32833; 7.34417 (Unterwerk Salzbergen)
Saubachtal (planned)	51°12′20″N 11°32′33″E / 51.20556°N 11.54250°E / 51.20556; 11.54250 (Unterwerk Saubachtal (planned))
Siegburg	50°47′23″N 7°12′30″E / 50.78972°N 7.20833°E / 50.78972; 7.20833 (Unterwerk Siegburg)
Sindorf	50°53′34″N 6°39′14″E / 50.89278°N 6.65389°E / 50.89278; 6.65389 (Unterwerk Sindorf)
Singen	47°45′29″N 8°52′54″E / 47.75806°N 8.88167°E / 47.75806; 8.88167 (Unterwerk Singen)
Solpke	52°30′02″N 11°17′43″E / 52.50056°N 11.29528°E / 52.50056; 11.29528 (Unterwerk Solpke)
Sommerau	48°07′39″N 8°18′41″E / 48.12750°N 8.31139°E / 48.12750; 8.31139 (Unterwerk Sommerau)
Steinbach am Wald	50°26′10″N 11°22′51″E / 50.43611°N 11.38083°E / 50.43611; 11.38083 (Unterwerk Steinbach am Wald)
Stetzsch	51°04′35″N 13°39′36″E / 51.07639°N 13.66000°E / 51.07639; 13.66000 (Unterwerk Stetzsch)
Stolberg	50°47′29″N 6°12′06″E / 50.79139°N 6.20167°E / 50.79139; 6.20167 (Unterwerk Stolberg)
Stuttgart-Rohr	48°42′50″N 9°06′35″E / 48.71389°N 9.10972°E / 48.71389; 9.10972 (Unterwerk Stuttgart-Rohr)
Stuttgart-Zazenhausen	48°50′40″N 9°11′03″E / 48.84444°N 9.18417°E / 48.84444; 9.18417 (Unterwerk Stuttgart-Zazenhausen)
Traunstein	47°52′06″N 12°37′42″E / 47.86833°N 12.62833°E / 47.86833; 12.62833 (Unterwerk Traunstein)
Uelzen	52°57′50″N 10°32′37″E / 52.96389°N 10.54361°E / 52.96389; 10.54361 (Unterwerk Uelzen)
Urbach	50°33′15″N 7°34′26″E / 50.55417°N 7.57389°E / 50.55417; 7.57389 (Unterwerk Urbach)
Vaihingen / Enz	48°56′35″N 8°57′58″E / 48.94306°N 8.96611°E / 48.94306; 8.96611 (Unterwerk Vaihingen/ Enz)
Wächtersbach	50°14′44″N 9°17′18″E / 50.24556°N 9.28833°E / 50.24556; 9.28833 (Unterwerk Wächtersbach)
Waiblingen	48°49′31″N 9°17′51″E / 48.82528°N 9.29750°E / 48.82528; 9.29750 (Unterwerk Waiblingen)
Waigolshausen	49°58′01″N 10°06′59″E / 49.96694°N 10.11639°E / 49.96694; 10.11639 (Unterwerk Waigolshausen)
Warburg	51°29′50″N 9°08′58″E / 51.49722°N 9.14944°E / 51.49722; 9.14944 (Unterwerk Warburg)
Weimar ( part of converter)	50°59′27″N 11°20′34″E / 50.99083°N 11.34278°E / 50.99083; 11.34278 (Unterwerk Weimar ( part of converter))
Weiterstadt	49°54′38″N 8°34′29″E / 49.91056°N 8.57472°E / 49.91056; 8.57472 (Unterwerk Weiterstadt)
Werdau	50°43′11″N 12°22′11″E / 50.71972°N 12.36972°E / 50.71972; 12.36972 (Unterwerk Werdau)
Wickrath	51°07′15″N 6°23′44″E / 51.12083°N 6.39556°E / 51.12083; 6.39556 (Unterwerk Wickrath)
Wiesbaden	50°01′52″N 8°15′59″E / 50.03111°N 8.26639°E / 50.03111; 8.26639 (Unterwerk Wiesbaden)
Wiesental	49°13′19″N 8°29′48″E / 49.22194°N 8.49667°E / 49.22194; 8.49667 (Unterwerk Wiesenthal)
Wolfratshausen	47°54′30″N 11°25′32″E / 47.90833°N 11.42556°E / 47.90833; 11.42556 (Unterwerk Wolfratshausen)
Wörsdorf	50°14′09″N 8°14′51″E / 50.23583°N 8.24750°E / 50.23583; 8.24750 (Unterwerk Wörsdorf)
Wunstorf	52°24′56″N 9°28′58″E / 52.41556°N 9.48278°E / 52.41556; 9.48278 (Unterwerk Wunstdorf)
Würzburg	49°48′06″N 9°53′52″E / 49.80167°N 9.89778°E / 49.80167; 9.89778 (Unterwerk Würzburg)
Wurzen	51°21′47″N 12°44′45″E / 51.36306°N 12.74583°E / 51.36306; 12.74583 (Unterwerk Wurzen)
Wustermark	52°32′26″N 12°58′25″E / 52.54056°N 12.97361°E / 52.54056; 12.97361 (Unterwerk Wustermark)
Zapfendorf (shut down)	50°01′33″N 10°56′29″E / 50.02583°N 10.94139°E / 50.02583; 10.94139 (Unterwerk Zapfendorf)

Switching stations

Stations for connecting/isolating parts of the system.

Facility	Coordinates
Gabelbach	48°22′49″N 10°33′32″E / 48.38028°N 10.55889°E / 48.38028; 10.55889 (Schaltwerk Gabelbach)
Kirchhellen	51°37′56″N 6°57′9″E / 51.63222°N 6.95250°E / 51.63222; 6.95250 (Schaltwerk Kirchhellen)
Neckarwestheim	49°2′34″N 9°12′6″E / 49.04278°N 9.20167°E / 49.04278; 9.20167 (Schaltwerk Neckarwestheim)
Nenndorf	53°22′35″N 9°54′13″E / 53.37639°N 9.90361°E / 53.37639; 9.90361 (Schaltwerk Nenndorf)
Nitzahn	52°27′35″N 12°20′45″E / 52.45972°N 12.34583°E / 52.45972; 12.34583 (Schaltwerk Nitzahn)
Schönarts	49°57′46″N 9°49′08″E / 49.96278°N 9.81889°E / 49.96278; 9.81889 (Schaltwerk Schönarts)

Central converter plants

In these facilities the AC from the public grid is transformed and converted into the single phase AC and fed into the railway current distribution grid. At some facilities, power is also fed to the overhead line. Conversion is done by rotary converters or electronic inverters.

Facility	Year of commissioning	Power	Technology	Coordinates
Aschaffenburg	2010	60 MW	GTO-Thyristor	49°59′08″N 9°05′33″E / 49.98556°N 9.09250°E / 49.98556; 9.09250 (Umformerwerk Borken)
Borken	1963	50 MW	Rotary converter	51°3′7″N 9°17′01″E / 51.05194°N 9.28361°E / 51.05194; 9.28361 (Umformerwerk Borken)
Bremen		100 MW	GTO-thyristor	53°7′49″N 8°40′49″E / 53.13028°N 8.68028°E / 53.13028; 8.68028 (Umformerwerk Bremen)
Chemnitz	1965		Rotary converter	50°51′42″N 12°56′18″E / 50.86167°N 12.93833°E / 50.86167; 12.93833 (Umformerwerk Chemnitz)
Dresden	1977		Rotary converter	50°59′40″N 13°50′6″E / 50.99444°N 13.83500°E / 50.99444; 13.83500 (Umformerwerk Dresden)
Düsseldorf		30 MW	GTO-thyristor	51°13′18″N 6°50′11″E / 51.22167°N 6.83639°E / 51.22167; 6.83639 (Umrichterwerk Düsseldorf)
Hamburg-Harburg			Rotary converter	53°26′55″N 10°0′6″E / 53.44861°N 10.00167°E / 53.44861; 10.00167 (Umformerwerk Harburg)
Jübek		14 MW	GTO-thyristor	54°33′25″N 9°24′34″E / 54.55694°N 9.40944°E / 54.55694; 9.40944 (Umformerwerk Jübek)
Karlsfeld		100 MW	GTO-thyristor	48°12′57″N 11°26′06″E / 48.21583°N 11.43500°E / 48.21583; 11.43500 (Umrichterwerk Karlsfeld)
Karlsruhe	1957	53 MW	Rotary converter	48°58′49″N 8°22′34″E / 48.98028°N 8.37611°E / 48.98028; 8.37611 (Umformerwerk Karlsruhe)
Köln	1957	75 MW	Rotary converter	50°54′14″N 7°2′55″E / 50.90389°N 7.04861°E / 50.90389; 7.04861 (Umformerwerk Köln)
Lehrte	1963 (rotary converter)/ 2010 (inverter)	37 MW (rotary converter)/ 64 MW (inverter)	Rotary converter/ inverter	52°22′54″N 9°57′15″E / 52.38167°N 9.95417°E / 52.38167; 9.95417 (Umformerwerk Lehrte)
Limburg		120 MW	IGCT inverter	50°24′20″N 8°3′58″E / 50.40556°N 8.06611°E / 50.40556; 8.06611 (Umformerwerk Limburg)
Marl	1963	25 MW	Rotary converter	51°39′40″N 7°10′47″E / 51.66111°N 7.17972°E / 51.66111; 7.17972 (Umformerwerk Marl)
Neckarwestheim	1989	140 MW	Rotary converter	49°2′22″N 9°10′40″E / 49.03944°N 9.17778°E / 49.03944; 9.17778 (Umformerwerk Neckarwestheim)
Neckarwestheim II	2011	140 MW	GTO-thyristor	48°2′16″N 9°10′40″E / 48.03778°N 9.17778°E / 48.03778; 9.17778 (Umrichterwerk Karlsfeld)
Neu-Ulm			Rotary converter	48°23′51″N 10°1′16″E / 48.39750°N 10.02111°E / 48.39750; 10.02111 (Umformerwerk Neu-Ulm)
Nürnberg	1939	34	Rotary converter	49°25′48″N 11°0′18″E / 49.43000°N 11.00500°E / 49.43000; 11.00500 (Umformerwerk Nürnberg)
Nürnberg	2012	75	IGBT-Inverter	49°25′48″N 11°0′18″E / 49.43000°N 11.00500°E / 49.43000; 11.00500 (Umrichterwerk Nürnberg)
Pforzheim (shut down) [1]			Rotary converter
Saarbrücken			Rotary converter	49°14′37″N 6°58′35″E / 49.24361°N 6.97639°E / 49.24361; 6.97639 (Umformerwerk Saarbrücken)
Singen (shut down in 2002)			Rotary converter	47°45′29″N 8°52′54″E / 47.75806°N 8.88167°E / 47.75806; 8.88167 (Umformerwerk Singen)
Thyrow	2004/2005	8×15 = 120 MW	GTO-thyristor	52°14′0″N 13°18′10″E / 52.23333°N 13.30278°E / 52.23333; 13.30278 (Umrichterwerk Thyrow)
Weimar	1973		Rotary converter	50°59′27″N 11°20′34″E / 50.99083°N 11.34278°E / 50.99083; 11.34278 (Umformerwerk Weimar)

Local converter plants

In these facilities the AC from the public grid is transformed and converted into the single phase AC and fed to the overhead line. Conversion is done by rotary converters or electronic inverters.

Facility	Year of commissioning	Power	Technology	Coordinates
Adamsdorf	1984		Rotary converter	53°24′31″N 13°2′43″E / 53.40861°N 13.04528°E / 53.40861; 13.04528 (Umformerwerk Adamsdorf)
Anklam			Rotary converter	53°50′46″N 13°43′0″E / 53.84611°N 13.71667°E / 53.84611; 13.71667 (Umformerwerk Anklam)
Berlin-Rummelsburg	1984		Rotary converter	52°29′12″N 13°30′33″E / 52.48667°N 13.50917°E / 52.48667; 13.50917 (Umformerwerk Berlin-Rummelsburg)
Bützow (demolished)			Rotary converter	53°49′30″N 11°59′3″E / 53.82500°N 11.98417°E / 53.82500; 11.98417 (Umformerwerk Bützow)
Cottbus	1989		Rotary converter	51°45′0″N 14°17′12″E / 51.75000°N 14.28667°E / 51.75000; 14.28667 (Umformerwerk Cottbus)
Doberlug-Kirchhain	1981 (Rotary converter), 2008 (Inverter)		Inverter	51°38′49″N 13°34′51″E / 51.64694°N 13.58083°E / 51.64694; 13.58083 (Umformerwerk Doberlug-Kirchhain)
Eberswalde	1987		Rotary converter	52°50′40″N 13°48′1″E / 52.84444°N 13.80028°E / 52.84444; 13.80028 (Umformerwerk Eberswalde)
Falkenberg	1987		Rotary converter	51°34′50″N 13°15′26″E / 51.58056°N 13.25722°E / 51.58056; 13.25722 (Umformerwerk Falkenberg)
Oder			Rotary converter	52°21′17″N 14°28′42″E / 52.35472°N 14.47833°E / 52.35472; 14.47833 (Umformerwerk Frankfurt)
Lalendorf			Rotary converter	53°45′15″N 12°23′54″E / 53.75417°N 12.39833°E / 53.75417; 12.39833 (Umformerwerk Lalendorf)
Löwenberger Land			Rotary converter	52°54′5″N 13°11′18″E / 52.90139°N 13.18833°E / 52.90139; 13.18833 (Umformerwerk Löwenberger Land)
Ludwigsfelde	1981		Rotary converter	52°18′17″N 13°16′31″E / 52.30472°N 13.27528°E / 52.30472; 13.27528 (Umformerwerk Ludwigsfelde)
Lübeck-Genin	2008		Inverter	?
Magdeburg (shut down)	1974		Rotary converter	52°9′14″N 11°39′40″E / 52.15389°N 11.66111°E / 52.15389; 11.66111 (Umformerwerk Magdeburg)
Neustadt (Dosse)			Rotary converter	52°50′51″N 12°27′24″E / 52.84750°N 12.45667°E / 52.84750; 12.45667 (Umformerwerk Neustadt)
Oberröblingen			Rotary converter	51°26′42″N 11°17′44″E / 51.44500°N 11.29556°E / 51.44500; 11.29556 (Umformerwerk Oberröblingen)
Prenzlau			Rotary converter	53°19′59″N 13°52′21″E / 53.33306°N 13.87250°E / 53.33306; 13.87250 (Umformerwerk Prenzlau)
Rosslau			Rotary converter	51°53′51″N 12°14′29″E / 51.89750°N 12.24139°E / 51.89750; 12.24139 (Umformerwerk Rosslau)
Rostock	1985		Rotary converter	54°3′54″N 12°8′39″E / 54.06500°N 12.14417°E / 54.06500; 12.14417 (Umformerwerk Rostock)
Schwerin	1987		Rotary converter	53°35′39″N 11°23′11″E / 53.59417°N 11.38639°E / 53.59417; 11.38639 (Umformerwerk Schwerin)
Senftenberg	1988		Rotary converter	51°31′58″N 14°1′14″E / 51.53278°N 14.02056°E / 51.53278; 14.02056 (Umformerwerk Senftenberg)
Stendal			Rotary converter	52°35′0″N 11°52′7″E / 52.58333°N 11.86861°E / 52.58333; 11.86861 (Umformerwerk Stendal)
Stralsund			Rotary converter	54°17′9″N 13°5′23″E / 54.28583°N 13.08972°E / 54.28583; 13.08972 (Umformerwerk Stralsund)
Wittenberg	1978		Rotary converter	51°52′30″N 12°41′20″E / 51.87500°N 12.68889°E / 51.87500; 12.68889 (Umformerwerk Wittenberg)
Wittenberge	1987		Rotary converter	52°59′46″N 11°46′8″E / 52.99611°N 11.76889°E / 52.99611; 11.76889 (Umformerwerk Wittenberge)
Wolkramshausen			Inverter	51°26′19″N 10°44′8″E / 51.43861°N 10.73556°E / 51.43861; 10.73556 (Umformerwerk Wolkramshausen)
Wünsdorf	1982		Rotary converter	52°10′24″N 13°27′42″E / 52.17333°N 13.46167°E / 52.17333; 13.46167 (Umformerwerk Wünsdorf)
Wustermark			Rotary converter	52°32′33″N 12°58′25″E / 52.54250°N 12.97361°E / 52.54250; 12.97361 (Umformerwerk Wustermark)

Power plants

Facility	Year of commissioning	Power	Type	State	Coordinates
Bad Abbach	2000	3.5 MW	Hydroelectric power plant	Bavaria	48°56′47″N 12°00′47″E / 48.94639°N 12.01306°E / 48.94639; 12.01306 (Bad Abbach Hydroelectric Power Plant)
Aufkirchen			Hydroelectric power plant	Bavaria	48°18′19″N 11°51′29″E / 48.30528°N 11.85806°E / 48.30528; 11.85806 (Aufkirchen Hydroelectric Power Plant)
Bad Reichenhall	1912	7.2 MW	Hydroelectric power plant	Bavaria	47°43′4″N 12°51′47″E / 47.71778°N 12.86306°E / 47.71778; 12.86306 (Bad Reichenhall Hydroelectric Power Plant)
Bergheim	1970	23.7 MW	Hydroelectric power plant	Bavaria	48°45′2″N 11°16′23″E / 48.75056°N 11.27306°E / 48.75056; 11.27306 (Bergheim Hydroelectric Power Plant)
Bertoldsheim	1967	18.9 MW	Hydroelectric power plant	Bavaria	48°44′8″N 11°1′14″E / 48.73556°N 11.02056°E / 48.73556; 11.02056 (Bertoldsheim Hydroelectric Power Plant)
Bittenbrunn	1969	20.2 MW	Hydroelectric power plant	Bavaria	48°44′4″N 11°8′37″E / 48.73444°N 11.14361°E / 48.73444; 11.14361 (Bittenbrunn Hydroelectric Power Plant)
Datteln			Coal-fired power plant	North Rhine-Westphalia	51°37′43″N 7°19′50″E / 51.62861°N 7.33056°E / 51.62861; 7.33056 (Datteln Power Plant)
Eitting Hydroelectric Power Plant			Hydroelectric power plant	Bavaria	48°21′31″N 11°52′56″E / 48.35861°N 11.88222°E / 48.35861; 11.88222 (Eitting Hydroelectric Power Plant)
Ingolstadt	1971	19.8 MW	Hydroelectric power plant	Bavaria	48°45′1″N 11°24′43″E / 48.75028°N 11.41194°E / 48.75028; 11.41194 (Ingolstadt Hydroelectric Power Plant)
Kammerl	1905		Hydroelectric power plant	Bavaria	47°39′42″N 10°59′12″E / 47.66167°N 10.98667°E / 47.66167; 10.98667 (Kammerl Hydroelectric Power Plant)
Kirchmöser		160 MW	Gas turbine power plant	Brandenburg	52°23′39″N 12°25′5″E / 52.39417°N 12.41806°E / 52.39417; 12.41806 (Kirchmöser Power Plant)
Langenprozelten	1976	160 MW	Hydroelectric power plant	Bavaria	50°3′11″N 9°34′52″E / 50.05306°N 9.58111°E / 50.05306; 9.58111 (Langenprozelten Hydroelectric Power Plant)
Lausward	1957	520 MW	Gas turbine power plant	North Rhine-Westphalia	51°13′16″N 6°43′58″E / 51.22111°N 6.73278°E / 51.22111; 6.73278 (Lausward Power Plant)
Lünen	1984	110 MW	Coal-fired power plant	North Rhine-Westphalia	51°36′59″N 7°28′44″E / 51.61639°N 7.47889°E / 51.61639; 7.47889 (Lünen Power Plant)
Mannheim	1955	190 MW	Coal-fired power plant	Baden-Württemberg	49°26′45″N 8°29′27″E / 49.44583°N 8.49083°E / 49.44583; 8.49083 (Mannheim Power Plant)
Muldenstein (retired)	1912	11.3 MW	Coal-fired power plant	Saxony-Anhalt	51°39′25″N 12°20′59″E / 51.65694°N 12.34972°E / 51.65694; 12.34972 (Muldenstein Rail Traction Power Plant)
Mittelsbüren		110 MW	Coal-fired power plant	Bremen	53°7′43″N 8°41′7″E / 53.12861°N 8.68528°E / 53.12861; 8.68528 (Mittelsbüren Power Plant)
Neckarwestheim I	1976	190 MW	Nuclear power plant	Baden-Württemberg	49°2′25″N 9°10′18″E / 49.04028°N 9.17167°E / 49.04028; 9.17167 (Neckarwestheim Nuclear Power Plant, Unit I)
Pfrombach			Hydroelectric power plant	Bavaria	48°26′28″N 11°59′34″E / 48.44111°N 11.99278°E / 48.44111; 11.99278 (Phrombach Hydroelectric Power Plant)
Vohburg			Hydroelectric power plant	Bavaria	48°46′40″N 11°36′4″E / 48.77778°N 11.60111°E / 48.77778; 11.60111 (Vohburg Hydroelectric Power Plant)
Walchensee	1924		Hydroelectric power plant	Bavaria	47°37′48″N 11°20′17″E / 47.63000°N 11.33806°E / 47.63000; 11.33806 (Walchensee Hydroelectric Power Plant)

Points where two powerlines for traction current crosses each other without interconnection

Lines	Coordinates
Flieden-Bebra / Fulda-Mottgers	50°28′55″N 9°40′52″E / 50.48194°N 9.68111°E / 50.48194; 9.68111 (Crossing point of traction current powerlines Flieden-Bebra and Fulda-Mottgers)
Bebra-Borken / Kirchheim-Körle	51°01′59″N 9°34′31″E / 51.03306°N 9.57528°E / 51.03306; 9.57528 (Crossing point of traction current powerlines Bebra-Borken and Kirchheim-Körle)
Karlsruhe-Mühlacker /Vaihingen-Graben/Neudorf	48°56′40″N 8°48′18″E / 48.94444°N 8.80500°E / 48.94444; 8.80500 (Crossing point of traction current powerlines Karlsruhe-Mühlacker and Vaihingen-Graben/Neudorf)
Orscheid-Köln / Orscheid-Montabaur	50°39′15″N 7°19′28″E / 50.65417°N 7.32444°E / 50.65417; 7.32444 (Crossing point of traction current powerlines Orscheid-Köln and Orscheid-Montabaur)
Mannheim-Neckarelz / Mannheim-Wiesental	49°25′38″N 8°34′9″E / 49.42722°N 8.56917°E / 49.42722; 8.56917 (Crossing point of traction current powerlines Mannheim-Neckarelz and Mannheim-Wiesental)

Border-crossing power lines

Germany – Austria

Line	Coordinates
Walchenseekraftwerk – Zirl	47°23′55″N 11°15′53″E / 47.39861°N 11.26472°E / 47.39861; 11.26472 (Bahnstromleitung Walchenseekraftwerk - Zirl quert Staatsgrenze zwischen Bayern und Österreich)
Traunstein – Steinsdorf	47°53′20″N 12°58′25″E / 47.88889°N 12.97361°E / 47.88889; 12.97361 (Bahnstromleitung Traunstein - Steinsdorf quert Staatsgrenze zwischen Bayern und Österreich)

Former border between West and East Germany

Line	Coordinates
Lehrte – Heeren	52°24′48″N 10°59′34″E / 52.41333°N 10.99278°E / 52.41333; 10.99278 (Bahnstromleitung Lehrte - Heeren überquert einstige innerdeutsche Grenze)
Bebra – Weimar	51°00′29″N 10°12′13″E / 51.00806°N 10.20361°E / 51.00806; 10.20361 (Bahnstromleitung Bebra - Weimar überquert einstige innerdeutsche Grenze)
Steinfeld am Wald – Saalfeld	50°27′52″N 11°25′07″E / 50.46444°N 11.41861°E / 50.46444; 11.41861 (Bahnstromleitung Steinbach am Wald - Saalfeld überquert einstige innerdeutsche Grenze)

Switzerland

Substations

In these facilities electricity is transformed down from 132 kV or 66 kV to 15 kV.
There is no conversion or generation of power.

Facility	Coordinates
Balerna	45°50′52″N 9°00′11″E / 45.84778°N 9.00306°E / 45.84778; 9.00306 (Unterwerk Balerna)
Biel	47°7′48″N 7°15′26″E / 47.13000°N 7.25722°E / 47.13000; 7.25722 (Unterwerk Biel)
Brugg	47°28′28″N 8°12′16″E / 47.47444°N 8.20444°E / 47.47444; 8.20444 (Unterwerk Brugg)
Burgdorf	47°03′44″N 7°36′41″E / 47.06222°N 7.61139°E / 47.06222; 7.61139 (Unterwerk Burgdorf)
Bussigny	46°32′38″N 6°33′36″E / 46.54389°N 6.56000°E / 46.54389; 6.56000 (Sous-station de Bussigny)
Chur (RhB)	46°52′24″N 9°31′57″E / 46.87333°N 9.53250°E / 46.87333; 9.53250 (Unterwerk Chur)
Croy	46°42′00″N 6°28′33″E / 46.70000°N 6.47583°E / 46.70000; 6.47583 (Unterwerk Croy)
Courtemaîche	47°27′21″N 7°3′20″E / 47.45583°N 7.05556°E / 47.45583; 7.05556 (Sous-station de Courtemaiche)
Delémont	47°21′49″N 7°21′30″E / 47.36361°N 7.35833°E / 47.36361; 7.35833 (Sous-station de Delemont)
Eglisau	47°34′22″N 8°30′50″E / 47.57278°N 8.51389°E / 47.57278; 8.51389 (Unterwerk Eglisau)
Emmenbrücke	47°4′4″N 8°17′9″E / 47.06778°N 8.28583°E / 47.06778; 8.28583 (Unterwerk Emmenbrücke)
Etzwilen	47°39′42″N 8°49′7″E / 47.66167°N 8.81861°E / 47.66167; 8.81861 (Unterwerk Etzwilen)
Farsch	46°49′25″N 9°23′59″E / 46.82361°N 9.39972°E / 46.82361; 9.39972 (Unterwerk Farsch)
Filisur (RhB)	46°40′19″N 9°41′36″E / 46.67194°N 9.69333°E / 46.67194; 9.69333 (Unterwerk Filsur)
Flüelen	46°53′43″N 8°37′29″E / 46.89528°N 8.62472°E / 46.89528; 8.62472 (Unterwerk Flüelen)
Fribourg	46°48′50″N 7°9′15″E / 46.81389°N 7.15417°E / 46.81389; 7.15417 (Sous-station de Fribourg)
Frutigen	46°34′48″N 7°38′56″E / 46.58000°N 7.64889°E / 46.58000; 7.64889 (Unterwerk Frutigen)
Gampel	46°18′28″N 7°45′24″E / 46.30778°N 7.75667°E / 46.30778; 7.75667 (Unterwerk Gampel)
Genève-Tuleries	46°14′59″N 6°8′48″E / 46.24972°N 6.14667°E / 46.24972; 6.14667 (Sous-station de Genève-Tuleries)
Giornico	46°24′5″N 8°52′23″E / 46.40139°N 8.87306°E / 46.40139; 8.87306 (Sottostazione di Giornico)
Gland	46°24′52″N 6°15′48″E / 46.41444°N 6.26333°E / 46.41444; 6.26333 (Sous-station de Gland)
Hendschiken	47°23′29″N 8°12′16″E / 47.39139°N 8.20444°E / 47.39139; 8.20444 (Unterwerk Hendschiken)
Kandersteg	46°30′10″N 7°40′28″E / 46.50278°N 7.67444°E / 46.50278; 7.67444 (Unterwerk Kandersteg)
Küblis (RhB)	46°54′56″N 9°45′33″E / 46.91556°N 9.75917°E / 46.91556; 9.75917 (Unterwerk Küblis)
Melide	45°57′59″N 8°56′54″E / 45.96639°N 8.94833°E / 45.96639; 8.94833 (Sottostazione di Melide)
Muttenz	47°32′5″N 7°38′38″E / 47.53472°N 7.64389°E / 47.53472; 7.64389 (Unterwerk Muttenz)
Neuchâtel	46°59′25″N 6°54′56″E / 46.99028°N 6.91556°E / 46.99028; 6.91556 (Sous-station de Neuchâtel)
Killwangen	47°26′13″N 8°20′38″E / 47.43694°N 8.34389°E / 47.43694; 8.34389 (Unterwerk Killwangen)
Olten	47°21′40″N 7°55′20″E / 47.36111°N 7.92222°E / 47.36111; 7.92222 (Unterwek Olten)
Puidoux	46°29′21″N 6°45′41″E / 46.48917°N 6.76139°E / 46.48917; 6.76139 (Sous-station de Puidoux)
Rapperswil SG	47°13′29″N 8°49′55″E / 47.22472°N 8.83194°E / 47.22472; 8.83194 (Unterwerk Rapperswil)
Rivera	46°7′32″N 8°55′27″E / 46.12556°N 8.92417°E / 46.12556; 8.92417 (Sottostazione della Rivera)
Roche	46°21′52″N 6°55′28″E / 46.36444°N 6.92444°E / 46.36444; 6.92444 (Sous-station de Roche)
Romont FR	46°41′4″N 6°54′23″E / 46.68444°N 6.90639°E / 46.68444; 6.90639 (Sous-station de Romont)
Rotkreuz	47°8′42″N 8°26′27″E / 47.14500°N 8.44083°E / 47.14500; 8.44083 (Unterwerk Rotkreuz)
Sagliains (RhB)	46°45′44″N 10°05′39″E / 46.76222°N 10.09417°E / 46.76222; 10.09417 (Unterwerk Sagliains)
Saint Léonard	46°15′8″N 7°25′21″E / 46.25222°N 7.42250°E / 46.25222; 7.42250 (Sous-station de Saint Léonard)
Sankt Margrethen	47°27′12″N 9°38′22″E / 47.45333°N 9.63944°E / 47.45333; 9.63944 (Unterwerk Sankt Margrethen)
Sargans	47°2′26″N 9°27′8″E / 47.04056°N 9.45222°E / 47.04056; 9.45222 (Unterwerk Sargans)
Seebach	47°25′20″N 8°33′17″E / 47.42222°N 8.55472°E / 47.42222; 8.55472 (Unterwerk Seebach)
Selfranga (RhB)	46°51′20″N 9°53′03″E / 46.85556°N 9.88417°E / 46.85556; 9.88417 (Unterwerk Selfranga)
Sihlbrugg	47°14′34″N 8°34′37″E / 47.24278°N 8.57694°E / 47.24278; 8.57694 (Unterwerk Sihlbrugg)
Sils (RhB)	46°42′8″N 9°28′8″E / 46.70222°N 9.46889°E / 46.70222; 9.46889 (Unterwerk Sils)
Stein AG	47°32′29″N 7°57′59″E / 47.54139°N 7.96639°E / 47.54139; 7.96639 (Unterwerk Stein)
Steinen	47°2′53″N 8°36′17″E / 47.04806°N 8.60472°E / 47.04806; 8.60472 (Unterwerk Steinen)
Tavanasa (RhB)	46°45′09″N 9°02′42″E / 46.75250°N 9.04500°E / 46.75250; 9.04500 (Unterwerk Tavanasa)
Thun	46°46′20″N 7°35′53″E / 46.77222°N 7.59806°E / 46.77222; 7.59806 (Unterwerk Thun)
Varzo ( Italy, operated by SBB)	46°12′25″N 8°14′31″E / 46.20694°N 8.24194°E / 46.20694; 8.24194 (Unterwerk Varzo)
Wanzwil	47°11′49″N 7°41′40″E / 47.19694°N 7.69444°E / 47.19694; 7.69444 (Unterwerk Wanzwil)
Wetzikon ZH	47°18′35″N 8°47′56″E / 47.30972°N 8.79889°E / 47.30972; 8.79889 (Unterwerk Wetzikon)
Winterthur-Grüze	47°30′0″N 8°45′4″E / 47.50000°N 8.75111°E / 47.50000; 8.75111 (Unterwerk Winterthur-Grüze)
Yverdon	46°46′03″N 6°38′51″E / 46.76750°N 6.64750°E / 46.76750; 6.64750 (Sous-station d'Yverdon)
Ziegelbrücke	47°7′59″N 9°3′55″E / 47.13306°N 9.06528°E / 47.13306; 9.06528 (Unterwerk Ziegelbrücke)
Zürich	47°22′52″N 8°31′19″E / 47.38111°N 8.52194°E / 47.38111; 8.52194 (Unterwerk Zürich)

Central converter plants

In these facilities the AC from public grid is transformed and converted into the single phase AC and fed into the railway current distribution grid. At some facilities, power is also fed to the overhead line. Conversion is done by rotary converters or electronic inverters.

Facility	Year of commissioning	Power	Technology used	Coordinates
Bever (RhB)		4,6 MW	Rotary converter	46°32′52″N 9°53′17″E / 46.54778°N 9.88806°E / 46.54778; 9.88806 (Umformerwerk Bevers)
Landquart (RhB)		5 MW	Rotary converter	46°58′28″N 9°33′6″E / 46.97444°N 9.55167°E / 46.97444; 9.55167 (Umformerwerk Landquart)
Giubiasco			Rotary converter	46°10′32″N 9°0′9″E / 46.17556°N 9.00250°E / 46.17556; 9.00250 (Umformerwerk Giubiasco)
Kerzers			Rotary converter	46°58′27″N 7°11′25″E / 46.97417°N 7.19028°E / 46.97417; 7.19028 (Umformerwerk Kerzers)
Massaboden			Rotary converter	46°19′55″N 8°0′42″E / 46.33194°N 8.01167°E / 46.33194; 8.01167 (Umformerwerk Massaboden)
Rupperswil			Rotary converter	47°24′21″N 8°6′19″E / 47.40583°N 8.10528°E / 47.40583; 8.10528 (Umformerwerk Ruppers)
Seebach			Rotary converter	47°25′20″N 8°33′17″E / 47.42222°N 8.55472°E / 47.42222; 8.55472 (Umformerwerk Seebach)
Wimmis			Rotary converter	46°40′51″N 7°39′23″E / 46.68083°N 7.65639°E / 46.68083; 7.65639 (Umformerwerk Wimmis)

Switching stations

Stations for connecting/isolating parts of the system.

Facility	Coordinates
Zollikofen	47°0′45″N 7°27′53″E / 47.01250°N 7.46472°E / 47.01250; 7.46472 (Schaltwerk Zollikofen)

Power plants

Facility	Year of commissioning	Power	Type	Coordinates
Amsteg	1922	55 MW	Hydroelectric power plant	46°46′4″N 8°40′18″E / 46.76778°N 8.67167°E / 46.76778; 8.67167 (Kraftwerk Amsteg)
Le Châtelard VS			Hydroelectric power plant	46°3′41″N 6°57′29″E / 46.06139°N 6.95806°E / 46.06139; 6.95806 (Kraftwerk Châtelard)
Etzelwerk			Hydroelectric power plant	47°11′42″N 8°48′42″E / 47.19500°N 8.81167°E / 47.19500; 8.81167 (Etzelwerk)
Göschenen			Hydroelectric power plant	46°40′2″N 8°35′3″E / 46.66722°N 8.58417°E / 46.66722; 8.58417 (Kraftwerk Göschenen)
Klosters (RhB)		8.5 MW	Hydroelectric power plant	46°51′39″N 9°53′44″E / 46.86083°N 9.89556°E / 46.86083; 9.89556 (Kraftwerk Klosters)
Gösgen		51,3 MW	Hydroelectric power plant	47°22′8″N 7°58′47″E / 47.36889°N 7.97972°E / 47.36889; 7.97972 (Kraftwerk Gösgen)
Lungerersee	1994	9 MW	Hydroelectric Power Plant	46°49′20.51″N 8°10′25.52″E / 46.8223639°N 8.1737556°E / 46.8223639; 8.1737556 (Kraftwerk Lungerersee)
Massaboden	1916	7,2 MW	Hydroelectric power plant	46°19′55″N 8°0′42″E / 46.33194°N 8.01167°E / 46.33194; 8.01167 (Kraftwerk Massaboden)
Mühleberg	1921	45 MW	Hydroelectric power plant	46°58′9″N 7°17′4″E / 46.96917°N 7.28444°E / 46.96917; 7.28444 (Kraftwerk Mühleberg)
Ritom	1920		Hydroelectric power plant	46°31′2″N 8°40′33″E / 46.51722°N 8.67583°E / 46.51722; 8.67583 (Kraftwerk Ritom)
Rupperswil	1945		Hydroelectric power plant	47°24′42″N 8°6′52″E / 47.41167°N 8.11444°E / 47.41167; 8.11444 (Kraftwerk Rupperswil)
Vernayaz			Hydroelectric power plant	46°8′3″N 7°2′10″E / 46.13417°N 7.03611°E / 46.13417; 7.03611 (Kraftwerk Vernayez)
Wassen			Hydroelectric power plant	46°42′56″N 8°36′36″E / 46.71556°N 8.61000°E / 46.71556; 8.61000 (Kraftwerk Wassen)

Points, where two powerlines for traction current crosses each other without interconnection

Lines	Coordinates
Bussigny-Croy / Romanel-Les Tuileries	46°33′45″N 6°31′45″E / 46.56250°N 6.52917°E / 46.56250; 6.52917 (Crossing point of traction current powerlines Bussigny-Croy and Romanel-Les Tuileries)
Puidoux-Kerzers / Bussigny-Chamoson	46°32′09″N 6°48′11″E / 46.53583°N 6.80306°E / 46.53583; 6.80306 (Crossing point of traction current powerlines Puidoux-Kerzers and Bussigny-Chamoson)
Puidoux-Vernayaz/ Bussigny-Chamoson	46°22′07″N 6°55′23″E / 46.36861°N 6.92306°E / 46.36861; 6.92306 (Crossing point of traction current powerlines Puidoux-Vernayaz and Bussigny-Chamoson)
Puidoux-Vernayaz/ Bussigny-Chamoson	46°10′26″N 7°01′50″E / 46.17389°N 7.03056°E / 46.17389; 7.03056 (Crossing point of traction current powerlines Puidoux-Vernayaz and Bussigny-Chamoson)
Puidoux-Vernayaz/ Vernayaz Branch	46°08′48″N 7°02′16″E / 46.14667°N 7.03778°E / 46.14667; 7.03778 (Crossing point of traction current powerlines Puidoux-Vernayaz and Vernayaz Branch)
Vernayaz-Brig/ Bussigny-Chamoson	46°06′52″N 7°05′55″E / 46.11444°N 7.09861°E / 46.11444; 7.09861 (Crossing point of traction current powerlines Vernayaz-Brig and Bussigny-Chamoson)

Border-crossing power lines

Germany–Switzerland

Line	Coordinates
Holdingen – Muttenz	47°34′53″N 07°36′14″E / 47.58139°N 7.60389°E / 47.58139; 7.60389 (Bahnstromleitung Muttenz-Holdingen quert Staatsgrenze zwischen Deutschland und der Schweiz)
Singen – Etzwilen	47°42′49″N 08°49′52″E / 47.71361°N 8.83111°E / 47.71361; 8.83111 (Bahnstromleitung Singen-Etzwilen quert Staatsgrenze zwischen Deutschland und der Schweiz)

Austria

Substations

In these facilities electricity is transformed down from 110 kV to 15 kV. No conversion or generation of power takes place.

Facility	Coordinates
Absdorf	48°23′52″N 15°59′38″E / 48.39778°N 15.99389°E / 48.39778; 15.99389 (Unterwerk Absdorf)
Angern	48°22′56″N 16°49′19″E / 48.38222°N 16.82194°E / 48.38222; 16.82194 (Unterwerk Angern)
Amstetten (Österreich)	48°7′9″N 14°53′7″E / 48.11917°N 14.88528°E / 48.11917; 14.88528 (Unterwerk Amstetten (Österreich))
Asten	48°14′2″N 14°24′20″E / 48.23389°N 14.40556°E / 48.23389; 14.40556 (Unterwerk Asten)
Attnang-Puchheim	48°1′8″N 13°43′38″E / 48.01889°N 13.72722°E / 48.01889; 13.72722 (Unterwerk Attnang-Puchheim)
Bad Vöslau	47°58′06″N 16°13′28″E / 47.96833°N 16.22444°E / 47.96833; 16.22444 (Bad Vöslau)
Bludenz	47°8′41″N 9°49′44″E / 47.14472°N 9.82889°E / 47.14472; 9.82889 (Unterwerk Bludenz)
Bruck Mur	47°25′42″N 15°16′26″E / 47.42833°N 15.27389°E / 47.42833; 15.27389 (Unterwerk Bruck Mur)
Dölsach	46°48′53″N 12°49′55″E / 46.81472°N 12.83194°E / 46.81472; 12.83194 (Unterwerk Dölsach)
Dorfgastein	47°14′5″N 13°6′17″E / 47.23472°N 13.10472°E / 47.23472; 13.10472 (Unterwerk Dorfgastein)
Elsbethen	47°45′9″N 13°5′4″E / 47.75250°N 13.08444°E / 47.75250; 13.08444 (Unterwerk Elsbethen)
Feldkirch	47°15′8″N 9°37′4″E / 47.25222°N 9.61778°E / 47.25222; 9.61778 (Unterwerk Feldkirch)
Florisdorf	48°15′42″N 16°24′19″E / 48.26167°N 16.40528°E / 48.26167; 16.40528 (Unterwerk Florisdorf)
Fritzens-Wattens	47°18′6″N 11°35′48″E / 47.30167°N 11.59667°E / 47.30167; 11.59667 (Unterwerk Fritzens-Wattens)
Gaisbach Wartberg	48°19′51″N 14°29′52″E / 48.33083°N 14.49778°E / 48.33083; 14.49778 (Unterwerk Gaisbach Wartberg)
Golling-Abtenau	47°35′53″N 13°9′53″E / 47.59806°N 13.16472°E / 47.59806; 13.16472 (Unterwerk Golling-Abtenau)
Göpfritz	48°43′48″N 15°23′29″E / 48.73000°N 15.39139°E / 48.73000; 15.39139 (Unterwerk Göpfritz)
Gries am Brenner	47°2′36″N 11°29′9″E / 47.04333°N 11.48583°E / 47.04333; 11.48583 (Unterwerk Gries am Brenner)
Götzendorf	48°1′34″N 16°34′59″E / 48.02611°N 16.58306°E / 48.02611; 16.58306 (Unterwerk Götzendorf)
Graz	47°04′40″N 15°24′48″E / 47.07778°N 15.41333°E / 47.07778; 15.41333 (Unterwerk Graz)
Haag	48°05′33″N 14°35′36″E / 48.09250°N 14.59333°E / 48.09250; 14.59333 (Unterwerk Haag)
Hohenau
Hütteldorf	48°11′43″N 16°16′17″E / 48.19528°N 16.27139°E / 48.19528; 16.27139 (Unterwerk Hütteldorf)
Kitzbühel	47°28′52″N 12°22′59″E / 47.48111°N 12.38306°E / 47.48111; 12.38306 (Unterwerk Kitzbühel)
Küpfern	47°51′9″N 14°37′3″E / 47.85250°N 14.61750°E / 47.85250; 14.61750 (Unterwerk Küpfern)
Landeck	47°9′8″N 10°35′11″E / 47.15222°N 10.58639°E / 47.15222; 10.58639 (Unterwerk Landeck)
Mallnitz	46°58′40″N 13°10′44″E / 46.97778°N 13.17889°E / 46.97778; 13.17889 (Unterwerk Mallnitz)
Marchtrenk	48°12′11″N 14°6′11″E / 48.20306°N 14.10306°E / 48.20306; 14.10306 (Unterwerk Marchtrenk)
Mariahof	47°06′16″N 14°22′28″E / 47.10444°N 14.37444°E / 47.10444; 14.37444 (Unterwerk Mariahof)
Matrei	47°7′38″N 11°27′11″E / 47.12722°N 11.45306°E / 47.12722; 11.45306 (Unterwerk Matrei)
Meidling	48°10′30″N 16°20′29″E / 48.17500°N 16.34139°E / 48.17500; 16.34139 (Unterwerk Meidling)
Mistelbach	48°33′51″N 16°33′33″E / 48.56417°N 16.55917°E / 48.56417; 16.55917 (Unterwerk Mistelbach)
Münster
Parndorf	47°59′45″N 16°50′33″E / 47.99583°N 16.84250°E / 47.99583; 16.84250 (Unterwerk Parndorf)
Pettneu	47°08′55″N 10°21′46″E / 47.14861°N 10.36278°E / 47.14861; 10.36278 (Unterwerk Pettneu)
Pusarnitz	46°50′5″N 13°24′17″E / 46.83472°N 13.40472°E / 46.83472; 13.40472 (Unterwerk Pusarnitz)
Riedau	48°18′31″N 13°37′37″E / 48.30861°N 13.62694°E / 48.30861; 13.62694 (Unterwerk Riedau)
Rohr	48°11′15″N 15°25′47″E / 48.18750°N 15.42972°E / 48.18750; 15.42972 (Unterwerk Rohr)
Sankt Johann im Pongau	47°20′10″N 13°11′23″E / 47.33611°N 13.18972°E / 47.33611; 13.18972 (Unterwerk Sankt Johann im Pongau)
Sankt Pölten	48°13′55″N 15°39′19″E / 48.23194°N 15.65528°E / 48.23194; 15.65528 (Unterwerk Sankt Pölten)
Sankt Veit	46°45′39″N 14°22′28″E / 46.76083°N 14.37444°E / 46.76083; 14.37444 (Unterwerk Sankt Veit)
Schladming	47°23′38″N 13°40′43″E / 47.39389°N 13.67861°E / 47.39389; 13.67861 (Unterwerk Schladming)
Schlöglmühl	47°40′57″N 15°54′46″E / 47.68250°N 15.91278°E / 47.68250; 15.91278 (Unterwerk Schlöglmühl)
Semmering	47°37′36″N 15°48′53″E / 47.62667°N 15.81472°E / 47.62667; 15.81472 (Unterwerk Semmering)
Wien-Simmering	48°09′05″N 16°25′37″E / 48.15139°N 16.42694°E / 48.15139; 16.42694 (Unterwerk Wien-Simmering)
Steindorf	47°58′0″N 13°14′24″E / 47.96667°N 13.24000°E / 47.96667; 13.24000 (Unterwerk Steindorf)
Tulln	48°19′24″N 16°2′37″E / 48.32333°N 16.04361°E / 48.32333; 16.04361 (Unterwerk Tulln)
Unterberg	47°12′50″N 11°23′32″E / 47.21389°N 11.39222°E / 47.21389; 11.39222 (Unterwerk Unterberg)
Villach	46°35′42″N 13°49′55″E / 46.59500°N 13.83194°E / 46.59500; 13.83194 (Unterwerk Villach)
Wald am Schoberpass	47°27′5″N 14°40′7″E / 47.45139°N 14.66861°E / 47.45139; 14.66861 (Unterwerk Wald am Schoberpass)
Wartberg an der Krems	47°59′21″N 14°7′18″E / 47.98917°N 14.12167°E / 47.98917; 14.12167 (Unterwerk Wartberg an der Krems)
Wegscheid	48°14′16″N 14°16′3″E / 48.23778°N 14.26750°E / 48.23778; 14.26750 (Unterwerk Wegscheid)
Wiener Neustadt	47°47′54″N 16°13′13″E / 47.79833°N 16.22028°E / 47.79833; 16.22028 (Unterwerk Wiener Neustadt)
Wörgl	47°29′58″N 12°4′19″E / 47.49944°N 12.07194°E / 47.49944; 12.07194 (Unterwerk Wörgl)
Zellerndorf	48°41′31″N 15°58′9″E / 48.69194°N 15.96917°E / 48.69194; 15.96917 (Unterwerk Zellerndorf)
Zirl (old)	47°15′53″N 11°13′59″E / 47.26472°N 11.23306°E / 47.26472; 11.23306 (Unterwerk Zirl (old))
Zirl (neu)	47°15′55″N 11°13′18″E / 47.26528°N 11.22167°E / 47.26528; 11.22167 (Unterwerk Zirl (neu))

Central converter plants

In these facilities the AC from the public grid is transformed and converted into the single phase AC and fed into the railway current distribution grid. At some facilities, power is also fed to the overhead line. Conversion is done by rotary converters or electronic inverters.

Facility	Year of commissioning	Power	Coordinates
Auhof	1956	90 MW	48°12′00″N 16°14′12″E / 48.20000°N 16.23667°E / 48.20000; 16.23667 (Bahnstromumformerwerk Auhof)
Bergern	1983		48°13′3″N 15°16′17″E / 48.21750°N 15.27139°E / 48.21750; 15.27139 (Bahnstromumformerwerk Bergern)
Haiming	1995		47°14′47″N 10°52′27″E / 47.24639°N 10.87417°E / 47.24639; 10.87417 (Bahnstromumformerwerk Haining)
Kledering	1989		48°8′21″N 16°25′56″E / 48.13917°N 16.43222°E / 48.13917; 16.43222 (Bahnstromumformerwerk Kledering)
Sankt Michael	1975		47°21′27″N 15°0′9″E / 47.35750°N 15.00250°E / 47.35750; 15.00250 (Bahnstromumformerwerk Sankt Michael)

Power plants

Facility	Year of commissioning	Power	Type	Coordinates
Annabrücke		20 MW	Hydroelectric power plant	46°33′39″N 14°28′46″E / 46.56083°N 14.47944°E / 46.56083; 14.47944 (Kraftwerk Annabrücke)
Braz	1954	20 MW	Hydroelectric power plant	47°8′0″N 9°56′45″E / 47.13333°N 9.94583°E / 47.13333; 9.94583 (Kraftwerk Braz)
Enzigerboden		20 MW	Hydroelectric power plant	47°10′10″N 12°37′36″E / 47.16944°N 12.62667°E / 47.16944; 12.62667 (Kraftwerk Enzigerboden)
Fulpmes	1983	15 MW	Hydroelectric power plant	47°9′30″N 11°21′29″E / 47.15833°N 11.35806°E / 47.15833; 11.35806 (Kraftwerk Fulpmes)
Obervellach			Hydroelectric power plant	46°56′13″N 13°11′29″E / 46.93694°N 13.19139°E / 46.93694; 13.19139 (Kraftwerk Obervellach)
Schaltposten Schönberg			Hydroelectric power plant	47°12′02″N 11°23′29″E / 47.20056°N 11.39139°E / 47.20056; 11.39139 (Rützkraftwerk)
Sankt Pantaleon			Hydroelectric power plant	48°13′29″N 14°31′50″E / 48.22472°N 14.53056°E / 48.22472; 14.53056 (Kraftwerk Sankt Pantaleon)
Schneiderau			Hydroelectric power plant	47°11′50″N 12°36′28″E / 47.19722°N 12.60778°E / 47.19722; 12.60778 (Kraftwerk Schneiderau)
Spullersee	1925	36 MW	Hydroelectric power plant	47°7′58″N 10°3′16″E / 47.13278°N 10.05444°E / 47.13278; 10.05444 (Kraftwerk Spullersee)
Steeg	1910		Hydroelectric power plant (only direct fed of overhead wire)	47°36′29″N 13°37′57″E / 47.60806°N 13.63250°E / 47.60806; 13.63250 (Kraftwerk Steeg)
Uttendorf			Hydroelectric power plant	47°15′43″N 12°34′3″E / 47.26194°N 12.56750°E / 47.26194; 12.56750 (Kraftwerk Uttendorf)
Weyer			Hydroelectric power plant	47°51′07″N 14°38′19″E / 47.85194°N 14.63861°E / 47.85194; 14.63861 (Kraftwerk Weyer)

Points, where two powerlines for traction current crosses each other without interconnection

Lines	Coordinates
Sankt Johann im Pongau-Bruck/Fusch / Sankt Johann im Pongau-Selzthal	47°20′09″N 13°11′27″E / 47.33583°N 13.19083°E / 47.33583; 13.19083 (Crossing point of traction current powerlines Sankt Johann im Pongau-Bruck/Fusch and Sankt Johann im Pongau-Mallnitz)
Sankt Johann im Pongau-Uttendorf / Sankt Johann im Pongau-Mallnitz	47°20′01″N 13°11′17″E / 47.33361°N 13.18806°E / 47.33361; 13.18806 (Crossing point of traction current powerlines Sankt Johann im Pongau-Uttendorf and Sankt Johann im Pongau-Mallnitz)
Sankt Johann im Pongau-Bruck/Fusch / Sankt Johann im Pongau-Mallnitz	47°17′47″N 13°04′24″E / 47.29639°N 13.07333°E / 47.29639; 13.07333 (Crossing point of traction current powerlines Sankt Johann im Pongau-Bruck/Fusch and Sankt Johann im Pongau-Mallnitz)
Sankt Johann im Pongau-Schneiderau / Bruck/Fusch-Uttendorf	47°15′46″N 12°33′59″E / 47.26278°N 12.56639°E / 47.26278; 12.56639 (Crossing point of traction current powerlines Sankt Johann im Pongau-Schneiderau and Bruck/Fusch-Uttendorf)
Sankt Johann im Pongau-Schneiderau / Uttendorf-Kitzbühl	47°15′45″N 12°33′59″E / 47.26250°N 12.56639°E / 47.26250; 12.56639 (Crossing point of traction current powerlines Sankt Johann im Pongau-Schneiderau and Uttendorf-Kitzbühl)
Sankt Johann im Pongau-Schneiderau / Uttendorf-Kitzbühl	47°15′44″N 12°33′59″E / 47.26222°N 12.56639°E / 47.26222; 12.56639 (Crossing point of traction current powerlines Sankt Johann im Pongau-Schneiderau and Uttendorf-Enzingerboden)
Bruck/Fusch-Enzingerboden / Uttendorf-Kitzbühl	47°15′45″N 12°33′55″E / 47.26250°N 12.56528°E / 47.26250; 12.56528 (Crossing point of traction current powerlines Bruck/Fusch-Enzingerboden and Uttendorf-Kitzbühl)
Uttendorf-Enzingerboden, Schneiderau Branch / Schneiderau-Enzingerboden	47°11′49″N 12°36′28″E / 47.19694°N 12.60778°E / 47.19694; 12.60778 (Crossing point of traction current powerlines Uttendorf-Enzingerboden, Schneiderau Branch and Schneiderau-Enzingerboden)
Uttendorf-Enzingerboden / Schneiderau-Enzingerboden	47°10′39″N 12°37′34″E / 47.17750°N 12.62611°E / 47.17750; 12.62611 (Crossing point of traction current powerlines Uttendorf-Enzingerboden and Schneiderau-Enzingerboden)
Uttendorf-Enzingerboden / Schneiderau-Enzingerboden	47°11′38″N 12°37′00″E / 47.19389°N 12.61667°E / 47.19389; 12.61667 (Crossing point of traction current powerlines Uttendorf-Enzingerboden and Schneiderau-Enzingerboden)

Norway

Main article: List of installations for 15 kV AC railway electrification in Norway

In Norway all electric railways use 16 kV 16​²⁄₃ Hz AC ^[3] (except the Thamshavnbanen museum railway which uses 6.6 kV 25 Hz AC). The Oslo T-bane and tramways use 750 V DC power.

Sweden

Main article: List of installations for 15 kV AC railway electrification in Sweden

In Sweden most electric railways use 15 kV 16​²⁄₃ Hz AC. Exceptions include: Saltsjöbanan and Roslagsbanan (1.5 kV DC), the Stockholm Metro (650 V and 750 V DC) and tramways (750 V DC). The Oresund Bridge linking Sweden and Denmark is electrified at 25 kV, Danish standard; the split is located on the Swedish side near the bridge. Only two-system trains (or diesel trains; rare) can pass the point.

See also

• List of railway electrification systems


• Category:15 kV AC locomotives


• 25 Hz Power Transmission System


• 25 kV AC railway electrification


• Traction power network


• Seebach-Wettingen railway electrification trial

References

1. 
   ^ Bahnstromsystem (German) railway electrification systems
   


2. 
   ^
   C. Linder (2002). "Umstellung der Sollfrequenz im zentralen Bahnstromnetz von ​16 ²⁄₃ Hz auf 16,70 Hz" [Switching the frequency in train electric power supply network from 16 2/3 Hz to 16,70 Hz]. Elektrische Bahnen (in German). 12. ISSN 0013-5437..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
   


3. 
   ^ "Bane Energi". jernbaneverket. Retrieved 29 July 2015.
   

External links

• 
  DB Energie soll Durchleitung von Bahnstrom ermöglichen (in German)
  

v t e Rail transport in Norway
Lines	Opening timeline Closing timeline Tunnels Bridges Narrow gauge High-speed Private
Stations	List (Closed Listed) Architecture Rom Eiendom
Electrification	15 kV Timeline
Signaling	NSI-63 Merkur EBICAB European Train Control System European Rail Traffic Management System
Train radio	Timeline Scanet GSM-R
Institutions	Bane NOR Norwegian State Railways (1883–1996) Norwegian State Railways Norwegian National Rail Administration Norwegian Railway Authority Norwegian Railway Directorate Accident Investigation Board Norway Railway companies
Rolling stock	Steam Electric Diesel Multiple units Carriages
History	Museums and heritage Accidents

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