Alaknanda River
































































































Alakanandā

Alaknanda devprayag.jpg
The sediment-laden Alaknanda river flowing into Devprayag, Uttarakhand.


HeadwatersGanges1.jpg
The Himalayan headwaters of the Ganges river in the Garhwal region of Uttarakhand, India. The Alaknanda is the left bank tributary of the Ganges at Devprayag.

Native name अलकनंदा
Location
Country India
State Uttarakhand
Region Garhwal division
District
Chamoli, Rudraprayag, Pauri Garhwal
Physical characteristics
Source Confluence of Satopanth Glacier and Bhagirathi Kharak Glacier
 - elevation 3,880 m (12,730 ft)

2nd source Bhagirathi River

Mouth Ganges
 - location
Devprayag, Uttarakhand, India
 - elevation
 475 m (1,558 ft)
Length 195 km (121 mi)
Basin size 10,882 km2 (4,202 sq mi)
Discharge  
 - average 439.36 m3/s (15,516 cu ft/s)

Basin features
Tributaries  
 - left
Saraswati, Dhauliganga, Nandakini, Pindar
 - right Mandakini

The Alaknanda is a Himalayan river in the Indian state of Uttarakhand and one of the two headstreams of the Ganges, the major river of Northern India and the holy river of Hinduism. In hydrology, the Alaknanda is considered the source stream of the Ganges on account of its greater length and discharge;[1] however, in Hindu mythology and culture, the other headstream, the Bhagirathi, is considered the source stream.




Contents






  • 1 Overview


  • 2 Dams


  • 3 Towns along the Alaknanda River


  • 4 Photo gallery


  • 5 See also


  • 6 References


  • 7 External links





Overview


The Alaknanda is considered to rise at the confluence and foot of the Satopanth and Bhagirath Kharak glaciers in Uttarakhand[2][3] and meet the Sarasvati River tributary at Mana, India, 21 km from Tibet. Three km below Mana the Alaknanda flows past the Hindu pilgrimage centre of Badrinath.




River Alaknanda near Badrikashram


The origin of Alaknanda River is of special interest to the tourists who visit the important pilgrimages in Uttarakhand. The Ganges as Alaknanda rises in the southern Himalayas on the Indian side of the Tibet border. On the Satopanth Glacier six km up from Alaknanda's origin at its snout, the triangular Lake Satopanth is found at a height of 4350 m and it is named after the Hindu trinity Lord Brahma, Lord Vishnu, Lord Shiva.


The five main tributaries joining with Alaknanda in order includes Dhauliganga, Nandakini, Pindar, Mandakini and Bhagirathi all rising in the northern mountainous regions of Uttarakhand. After the last tributary merging at Devprayag the river is known as the Ganges. The Alaknanda contributes a significantly larger portion to the flow of the Ganges than the Bhagirathi.


The Alaknanda river is among the best for river rafting in the world due to its high rafting grade.[4] The Alaknanda system drains parts of Chamoli, Tehri, and Pauri districts.[5]


Badrinath RishiGanga River meet Alaknanda


Badrinath, one of the holy destinations for Hindus in India is located near to the bank of the Alaknanda River. This place is surrounded by two mountain ranges of Nar and Narayan on either sides and Neelkanth peak located at the back of Narayan range.


  1. Govindgath :. LaxmanGanga meet Alaknanda

Panch Prayag


Several rivers in the Garhwal region merge with the Alaknanda at places called prayag or 'holy confluence of rivers'. These are:[6]




  1. Vishnuprayag, where the Alaknanda is met by the Dhauliganga River


  2. Nandaprayag, where it is met by the Nandakini River


  3. Karnaprayag, where it is met by the Pindar River


  4. Rudraprayag, where it is met by the Mandakini River


  5. Devprayag, where it meets the Bhagirathi River and officially becomes the Ganges



Dams


There are 37 hydroelectric dams in operation, under construction or planned to harness the energy of the Alaknanda river and its tributaries and generate electricity.[7]























































































































































































# Name Electrical output capacity (MW) Status Dam height (m) Full reservoir level (MSL) (m) River bed level at dam site (MSL) (m) Head race tunnel length (km) Tail race tunnel length (m)
Tail water level (MSL) (m)
1 Badrinath 1.25 operational
2 Tapovan 0.8 operational
3 Tharali 0.4 operational
4 Tilwara 0.2 operational
5 Urgam 3 operational
6 Vishnuprayag 400 operational 14 11.323
7 Kaliganga-I 4 under construction
8 Kaliganga-II 6 under construction
9 Koti Bhel IB 320 under construction 90 521 452.5 230 463.2
10 Koti Bhel II 530 under construction 82 458.5 401.4 390 411.1
11 Madhamaheshwar 10 under construction
12 Tapovan Vishnugad 520 under construction 22 803.5 513 1267
13 Shrinagar 330 under construction
14 Singoli Bhatwari 99 under construction

There are 23 other proposed projects in the Alaknanda river basin through which the power-potential of the Alaknanda and its tributaries can be harnessed. The proposed 23 hydel-projects are as follows -



  1. Alaknanda (Badrinath) (300 MW)

  2. Bagoli (72 MW)

  3. Bowla Nandprayag (132 MW)

  4. Chuni Semi (60 MW)

  5. Deodi (60 MW)

  6. Devsari Dam (255 MW)

  7. Gaurikund (18.6 MW)

  8. Gohana Tal (60 MW)

  9. Jelam Tamak (60 MW)

  10. Karnaprayag (160 MW)

  11. Lakshmanganga (4.4 MW)

  12. Lata Tapovan (310 MW)

  13. Maleri Jelam (55 MW)

  14. Nandprayag Langasu (141 MW)

  15. Padli Dam (27 MW)

  16. Phata-Byung (10.8 MW)

  17. Rambara (24 MW)

  18. Rishiganga I (70 MW)

  19. Rishiganga II (35 MW)

  20. Tamak Lata (280 MW)

  21. Urgam II (3.8 MW)

  22. Utyasu Dam (860 MW)

  23. Vishnugad Pipalkoti (444 MW)



Towns along the Alaknanda River


As the river flows, the towns along its banks are Badrinath, Vishnuprayag, Joshimath, Chamoli, Nandaprayag, Karnaprayag, Rudraprayag, Srinagar and Devprayag. At each town with suffix prayag, Alaknanda meets another river.



Photo gallery






  • Rudraprayag - confluence of Alaknanda and Mandakini







  • Alaknanda river near the town of Srinagar in Uttarakhand







  • Alaknanda joins Bhagirathi at Devprayag to form the Ganges






See also


  • 2013 North India floods


References





  1. ^ Gopal, Madan (1990). K.S. Gautam, ed. India through the ages. Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India. p. 65..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  2. ^ "eUttaranchal".


  3. ^ In Hindu culture "The Story of Ganga : The River Goddess".


  4. ^ "11 Top Destinations for River Rafting in India - Travel News India". travelnewsindia.com. 2017-01-31.


  5. ^ Singh Negi, Sharad (1995). Uttarakhand: Land and People, page 6. MD Publications Pvt Ltd.
    ISBN 81-85880-73-5.


  6. ^ Kapadia, Harish (2001). Trekking and Climbing in the Indian Himalaya, page 89. Stackpole Books.
    ISBN 0-8117-2953-2.


  7. ^ Hydroelectric Projects on Alaknanda River Basin, by South Asia Network on Dams Rivers and People, www.sandrp.in




External links








  • Alaknanda River Britannica.com


  • Prayags at GMVN



Coordinates: 30°08′N 78°36′E / 30.133°N 78.600°E / 30.133; 78.600








Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Information security

Image
This article is part of a series on Information security Related security categories Internet security Cyberwarfare Computer security Mobile security Network security Threats Computer crime Vulnerability Eavesdropping Malware Spyware Ransomware Trojans Viruses Worms Rootkits Bootkits Keyloggers Screen scrapers Exploits Backdoors Logic bombs Payloads Denial of service Defenses Computer access control Application security Antivirus software Secure coding Secure by default Secure by design Secure operating systems Authentication Multi-factor authentication Authorization Data-centric security Encryption Firewall Intrusion detection system Mobile secure gateway Runtime application self-protection (RASP) v t e Information security , sometimes shortened to InfoSec , is the practice of preventing unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, inspection, recording or destruction of information. Th...
Read more

Volkswagen Group MQB platform

Image
The Volkswagen Group MQB platform is the company's strategy for shared modular design construction of its transverse, front-engine, front-wheel-drive layout (optional front-engine, four-wheel-drive layout) automobiles. Volkswagen spent roughly $60bn [1] developing this new platform and the cars employing it. The platform underpins a wide range of cars from the supermini class to the mid size SUV class. MQB allows Volkswagen to assemble any of its cars based on this platform across all of its MQB ready factories. This allows the Volkswagen group flexibility to shift production as needed between its different factories. Beginning in 2012, Volkswagen Group marketed the strategy under the code name MQB , which stands for Modularer Querbaukasten , translating from German to "Modular Transversal Toolkit" or "Modular Transverse Matrix". [2] [3] MQB is one strategy within VW's overall MB (Modularer Baukasten or modular matrix) program which also includes th...
Read more

刘萌萌

Image
body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output table.infobox caption{text-align:center} 刘萌萌 女演员 罗马拼音 Liu Meng Meng 英文名 Cya 国籍   中国 民族 汉族 出生 ( 1989-10-16 ) 1989年10月16日 （ 29歲）   中国辽宁省大连市 职业 演员、艺人 语言 汉语 教育程度 沈阳音乐学院 北京电影学院表演系进修班 活跃年代 2011年至今 唱片公司 浙江永乐影视制作有限公司 经纪公司 浙江永乐影视制作有限公司 网站 刘萌萌 官方微博 刘萌萌 （1989年10月16日 － ），汉族，中国演员，2010年参加湖南卫视《芒果训练营》而出道至今，凭借电视剧《爱情公寓》“诺澜”一角走红。北京电影学院10级表演系（进修班）毕业。 目录 1 主要经历 2 影视作品 2.1 电视剧 2.2 电影 2.3 综艺节目 3 参考文献 4 外部链接 主要经历 1989年，出生于辽宁省大连市一个工人家庭； 2006年，考入沈阳音乐学院舞蹈系本科班学习； 2010年，参加湖南卫视《芒果训练营》演艺新秀比赛而出道 [1] ；進入北京电影学院表演系进修班 2011年，出演电视剧《隋唐演义》“琼花公主”一角色； 2012年，担任电视剧《爱情公寓》“诺澜”一角并开始走红 [2] ； 2013年，担任电视剧《利箭纵横》《利剑行动》 [3] 女主角“林筱雨” 2014年，参加江苏卫视真人秀栏目《花样年华》 [4] 备受瞩目 [5] 。 影视作品 电视剧 首播年份 剧名 角色 备注 2012 《爱情公寓3》 诺澜 2012 《利箭行动》 林筱雨 2013 《隋唐演义》 琼花公主 2013 《决战燕子门》 马晓婉 2014 《利箭纵横》 林筱雨 2014 《屌丝日记》 林洛霏 網絡劇 2014 《爱情公寓4》 诺澜 ...
Read more