Edward Schreyer

The Right Honourable Edward Schreyer PC CC CMM OM CD
22nd Governor General of Canada
In office January 22, 1979 – May 14, 1984
Monarch	Elizabeth II
Prime Minister	Pierre Trudeau Joe Clark
Preceded by	Jules Léger
Succeeded by	Jeanne Sauvé
16th Premier of Manitoba
In office July 15, 1969 – November 24, 1977
Monarch	Elizabeth II
Lieutenant Governor	Richard S. Bowles William J. McKeag Francis L. Jobin
Preceded by	Walter Weir
Succeeded by	Sterling Lyon
More...
Personal details
Born	Edward Richard Schreyer (1935-12-21) December 21, 1935 (age 83) Beausejour, Manitoba, Canada
Political party	New Democratic Party
Spouse(s)	Lily Schreyer
Profession	Politician, Professor

Edward Richard Schreyer PC CC CMM OM CD (born December 21, 1935) is a Canadian politician, diplomat, and statesman who served as Governor General of Canada, the 22nd since Canadian Confederation.

Schreyer was born and educated in Manitoba, and was first elected to the province's legislative assembly in 1958. He later moved into federal politics, winning a seat in the House of Commons, but returned to Manitoba in 1969 become leader of the provincial New Democratic Party (NDP). The party then won that year's provincial election and Schreyer became the 16th Premier of Manitoba. In 1978 he was appointed Governor General by Queen Elizabeth II on the recommendation of Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau, to replace Jules Léger, and he occupied the post until succeeded by Jeanne Sauvé in 1984. As the Queen's representative, he was praised for raising the stature of Ukrainian Canadians, though disparaged for the lacklustre performance of his duties. Later, he served as Canada's High Commissioner to Australia, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, and Vanuatu. He then attempted, without success, to get elected to the House of Commons; he was the first person to run for election in Canada after serving as Governor General.

During his time as Manitoba's premier, Schreyer was entitled to the accordant style of The Honourable, the same style he received again upon his appointment on June 3, 1984, into the Queen's Privy Council for Canada.^[1] However, as a former Governor General of Canada, Schreyer is entitled to be styled for life with the superior form of The Right Honourable.

Contents

• 
  1 Early life and youth
  


• 
  2 Political career
  


• 
  3 Governor General of Canada
  


• 
  4 Post viceregal career
  
  
  
  • 
    4.1 Political return
    
  
  
  
  


• 
  5 Titles, styles, honours, and arms
  
  
  
  • 
    5.1 Titles
    
  
  
  • 
    5.2 Honours
    
    
    
    • 
      5.2.1 Honorary military appointments
      
    
    
    • 
      5.2.2 Honorific eponyms
      
    
    
    
    
  
  
  • 
    5.3 Arms
    
  
  
  
  


• 
  6 See also
  


• 
  7 Notes
  


• 
  8 References
  


• 
  9 External links
  

Early life and youth

Schreyer was born in Beausejour, Manitoba, to German-Austrian Catholic parents John Schreyer and Elizabeth Gottfried;^[2] his maternal grandparents were Austrians who emigrated from western Ukraine. Schreyer attended Cromwell Elementary School and Beausejour Collegiate Secondary School, then United College and St. John's College at the University of Manitoba. There, he received a Bachelor of Pedagogy in 1959, a Bachelor of Education in 1962, a Master of Arts in International Relations, and a second Master of Arts in Economics in 1963. From 1962 to 1965, Schreyer served as a professor of International Relations at St. Paul's College.^[3][4]

St. John's College, University of Manitoba, where Schreyer obtained four degrees

While pursuing his post-graduate degrees, Schreyer married Lilly Schultz, with whom he had two daughters, Lisa and Karmel, and two sons, Jason and Toban.^[3]

Political career

In the Manitoba election of 1958, Schreyer was elected to the legislative assembly as a member of the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF), in the rural constituency of Brokenhead; at twenty-two years of age, Schreyer was the youngest person ever elected to the assembly.^[5] He held the riding until resigning in 1965 to run successfully for the House of Commons in Ottawa. He returned to provincial politics in 1969, and was on June 8 elected leader of the New Democratic Party of Manitoba (NDP),^[4] the successor to the Manitoba CCF. He differed in some ways from the previous leaders of Manitoba's NDP: he came from a rural background and was not committed to socialism as an ideology; he won the support of many centrist voters who had not previously identified with the party. Also, he was the first leader of the Manitoba CCF/NDP who was not of Anglo-Saxon and Protestant descent.

Schreyer led his party to a watershed showing in the 1969 provincial election. The NDP picked up 17 seats, vaulting them from third place in the legislature to first place. Schreyer himself returned to the legislature from the newly created north Winnipeg seat of Rossmere.

However, with 28 seats, the NDP was one seat short of a majority. Initially, the Liberals and Progressive Conservatives considered forming a coalition to lock the NDP out of power. Finally, Liberal Laurent Desjardins threw his support to Schreyer (and later joined the NDP after a period as an independent), making Schreyer the first social democratic premier in Manitoba's history.

Schreyer's premiership oversaw the amalgamation of the city of Winnipeg with its suburbs, introduced public automobile insurance, and significantly reduced medicare premiums. Re-elected in 1977, Schreyer maintained his position as premier, though the council was this time less innovative, the only policy of note being the mining tax legislation implemented in 1974. Schreyer also served as his own minister of finance between 1972 and 1975, and as the minister responsible for Manitoba Hydro from 1971 to 1977. It was from those positions that Schreyer advised the Lieutenant Governor to authorise construction of hydroelectric works instead of coal and gas burning electricity generators, and also put forward legislation that simultaneously eliminated provincial health care premiums and implemented home care and pharmacare.^[4] Schreyer sometimes favoured policies different from those of the federal NDP; in 1970, he supported Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau's invocation of the War Measures Act in response to the October Crisis, despite the opposition of federal NDP leader Tommy Douglas.

In 1977, Schreyer's New Democrats were defeated by the Progressive Conservative Party under Sterling Lyon. He remained leader of the NDP in opposition until 1979, when Trudeau offered him the office of Governor General.

Governor General of Canada

On December 28, 1978, Queen Elizabeth II, by commission under the royal sign-manual and Great Seal of Canada, appointed Pierre Trudeau's choice of Schreyer to succeed Jules Léger as the Queen's representative. He was sworn in during a ceremony in the Senate chamber on January 22, 1980, making him the first Governor General from Manitoba, and, at the age of forty-three, the third youngest ever appointed, after the Marquess of Lorne in 1878 (33 years old), and the Marquess of Lansdowne in 1883 (38 years old).^[3]

As Governor General, Schreyer championed women's issues, the environment, and official bilingualism. During his first year in office, he established the Governor General's Award in Commemoration of the Persons Case, to recognize the efforts of Emily Murphy and others to ensure that Canadian women would be constitutionally recognized as persons. In 1981 he instituted the Governor General's Conservation Awards and in 1983 he created the Edward Schreyer Fellowship in Ukrainian Studies at the University of Toronto. Also in 1983, he presided over the first Governor General's Canadian Study Conference ,which has since been held every four years.^[3] Schreyer invested Terry Fox as a companion of the Order of Canada, travelling to Port Coquitlam, British Columbia, to present Fox with the order's insignia.^[6][7] In 1980, he caused controversy when he hesitated to call an election after Prime Minister Joe Clark advised him to do so. Schreyer also later suggested that he might have dissolved parliament at any point through 1981 and 1982, had the Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau tried to impose his constitutional proposals unilaterally.^[5][8]

Schreyer's "stiff, earnest public manner" worked against his wish to connect with people in a friendly way, and he was thus a target of the media.^[5] When Jeanne Sauvé succeeded him, Maclean's writer Carol Goar compared Sauvé to Schreyer's performance, stating that "she is expected to restore grace and refinement to Government House after five years of Edward Schreyer's earnest Prairie populism and lacklustre reign."

Post viceregal career

The High Commission of Canada in Canberra, where Schreyer served as High Commissioner to Australia between 1984 and 1988

Upon retirement from the post of Governor General in 1984, Schreyer announced that he would donate his pension to the environmental Canadian Shield Foundation;^[5] unlike other former viceroys, he intended to remain in political and diplomatic life, On the same day he ceased to be Governor General, he was appointed by his successor to the office of High Commissioner to Australia, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, and Vanuatu for Her Majesty's Government in Canada.^[9] He held those positions until 1988, when he returned to Winnipeg.

On returning to Canada, Schreyer was employed as a national representative of Habitat for Humanity, an honorary director of the Sierra Legal Defence Fund, and an honorary advisor to the Canadian Foundation for the Preservation of Chinese Cultural and Historical Treasures. He was also a founding member of the Winnipeg Library Foundation. Starting in 1989, he acted as a guest professor at universities around North America and Europe, lecturing on matters relating to resource geography, energy economics, and environmental impact.^[4] On November 1, 2002,^[4] Schreyer was appointed the Chancellor of Brandon University^[10] and was re-elected to the position in early 2005 for a term that ended on October 31, 2008.

Political return

In the 1999 election in Manitoba, Schreyer offered his support to the NDP, then led by Gary Doer. Schreyer delivered strong criticisms of the Progressive Conservative government of Gary Filmon and made headlines by accusing the PCs of spreading false information about the criminal record of Tom Nevakshonoff, the NDP's candidate in Interlake. These comments had not been approved in advance by the NDP, but Schreyer's position was vindicated in 2001, when local PC organizer Heather Campbell-Dewar pleaded guilty to defamation of Nevakshonoff's character and making a false or misleading statement to the police. Schreyer then offered his support to Bill Blaikie's campaign for the leadership of the federal New Democratic Party in 2002 and 2003.^{[citation needed]}

Schreyer, then seventy years old, ran in the 2006 federal election as the NDP candidate in the riding of Selkirk—Interlake.^[11] It was the first time a former Governor General sought election to the Canadian House of Commons; previously, former Lieutenant Governors had been called to the Senate to sit as party members, and some former Governors General who hailed from the United Kingdom returned there to sit with party affiliations in the House of Lords, sometimes even serving in cabinet.^{[n 1]} Schreyer lost to Conservative incumbent James Bezan, receiving 37% of the vote to Bezan's 49%.^[12] Earlier comments Schreyer had made describing homosexuality as an "affliction" were raised by his opponents in the campaign, as the NDP supported same-sex marriage.^[13] Without apologising for his remarks, Schreyer said he supported same-sex marriage as the existing legislation did not force religious institutions to marry same-sex couples, and added: "It was 19 years ago, and I didn't—even for a split second—suggest that there was no need to ensure that there was equal protection of the law with respect to the people who are homosexual. In fact, I defy anyone to suggest otherwise."^{[citation needed]} Federal NDP leader Jack Layton defended Schreyer, observing that many people's views on the subject have changed in the last twenty years.^{[citation needed]}

Schreyer also waded into the federal parliamentary dispute of 2008-09, in which the opposition parties threatened to revoke their confidence in the sitting prime minister, Stephen Harper. Schreyer said: "Any group that presumes to govern must be willing to face and seek the confidence of Parliament, and it mustn't be evaded and it mustn't be long avoided. I can't put it any more succinctly than that... I must come back to your use of the words, 'to duck a confidence vote'... that must simply not be allowed to happen."^[14]

Titles, styles, honours, and arms

Viceregal styles of Edward Schreyer (1979-1984)
Reference style	His Excellency the Right Honourable Son Excellence le très honorable
Spoken style	Your Excellency Votre Excellence

Titles

• 
  July 15, 1969 – November 24, 1977: The Honourable Edward Schreyer, Premier of Manitoba


• 
  January 22, 1979 – May 14, 1984: His Excellency the Right Honourable Edward Schreyer, Governor General and Commander-in-Chief in and over Canada


• 
  May 14, 1984 – February 18, 1988: His Excellency the Right Honourable Edward Schreyer, High Commissioner to Australia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, and Vanuatu for Her Majesty's Government in Canada


• 
  February 18, 1988 – : The Right Honourable Edward Schreyer

Honours

Ribbon bars of Edward Schreyer

Appointments

• 
  January 22, 1979 – May 14, 1984: Chancellor and Principal Companion of the Order of Canada (CC)^[15]
  
  
  • 
    May 14, 1984 – May 8, 2013: Companion of the Order of Canada (CC)
  
  
  • 
    May 8, 2013 –: Extraordinary Companion of the Order of Canada (CC)^[16]
    
  
  
  
  


• 
  January 22, 1979 – May 14, 1984: Chancellor and Commander of the Order of Military Merit (CMM)^[17]
  
  
  • 
    May 14, 1984 – May 8, 2013: Commander of the Order of Military Merit (CMM)
  
  
  • 
    May 8, 2013 –: Extraordinary Commander of the Order of Military Merit (CMM)^[16]
    
  
  
  
  


• 
  January 22, 1979 – May 14, 1984: Knight of Justice, Prior, and Chief Officer in Canada of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem (KStJ)^[18]
  • 
    May 14, 1984 – : Knight of Justice of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem (KStJ)
  
  


• 
  January 22, 1979 – May 14, 1984: Chief Scout of Canada
  


• 
  1979 – : Honorary Member of the Royal Military College of Canada Club
  


• 
  June 3, 1984 – : Member of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada (PC)


• 
  July 13, 2000 – : Member of the Order of Manitoba (OM)^[19]
  

Medals

• 
  January 22, 1979: Canadian Forces Decoration (CD)


• 
  1967: Canadian Centennial Medal
  


• 
  1977: Queen Elizabeth II Silver Jubilee Medal ^[20]
  


• 
  1992: Commemorative Medal for the 125th Anniversary of the Confederation of Canada
  


• 
  2002: Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal
  


• 
  2012: Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal
  

Awards

• 
  1975: Governor General Vanier Award as an Outstanding Young Canadian of the Year
  

Honorary military appointments

• 
  January 22, 1979 – May 14, 1984: Colonel of the Governor General's Horse Guards
  


• 
  January 22, 1979 – May 14, 1984: Colonel of the Governor General's Foot Guards
  


• 
  January 22, 1979 – May 14, 1984: Colonel of the Canadian Grenadier Guards
  

Honorific eponyms

• 
   Manitoba: Edward Schreyer International Student Bursary, Brandon University, Brandon
  


• 
   Ontario: Edward Schreyer Fellowship, University of Toronto, Toronto
  

Arms

Coat of arms of Edward Schreyer

Notes As Schreyer served as governor general prior to the establishment of the Canadian Heraldic Authority, he was not granted a coat of arms until 1988, though this was based on a 1980 design by Bruce W. Beatty.[21] Unlike the arms for subsequent governors general, Schreyer's does not include the ribbon and insignia of the Order of Canada. Adopted June 4, 1988 Crest Upon a helmet mantled Vert doubled Or on a wreath Or and Vert a mound of ice proper thereon a polar bear charged with a maple leaf Gules[22] Escutcheon Per pale Or and Vert a pale wavy of four Azure and Argent in chief a plate displaying a cross Gules charged with the Royal Crown proper; in dexter base a pomeis charged with a garb Or and in sinister base a bezant charged with a fir tree Vert[22] Supporters Dexter a Bison proper charged on the shoulder with a lozenge Or bearing a prairie crocus flower slipped and leaved proper sinister a moose proper charged on the shoulder with a hurt displaying a fleur de lys Or the whole set upon a compartment party per pale a wheatfield Or and a forest Vert[22] Compartment A mound set dexter with conifers Vert, sinister with base tapissé of wheat Or Motto FREEDOM EGALITÉ JUSTICE • ARBEIT ЗНАННЯ DIGNITA (Freedom Equality Justice • Work Knowledge Dignity) Symbolism The bison is derived from the shield of the coat of arms of Manitoba, where Schreyer was born and raised, while the moose is inspired by the Coat of arms of Ontario, and the fir tree represents that province's northern forests; Schreyer lived in this province when serving in Ottawa as a member of parliament, and later, as viceroy. The prairie crocus flower on the bison's collar is also found on Manitoba's coat of arms and represents the prairies, as does the wheat sheaf. The polar bear is symbolic of Canada's north, where Schreyer often travelled while he was governor general, and is a place suceptable to environmental changes, which Schreyer sought to minimise. The wavy lines symbolise the Brokenhead River, which flows near Schreyer's home town of Beausejour, as well as the Assiniboine River, which runs through Winnipeg, where Schreyer was located during his premiership of Manitoba; to the left of this division are the symbols of Manitoba (which lies to the west), and to the right are the symbols of Ontario (which lies to the east). The disc bearing a red cross is the emblem of the Anglican Church of Canada, upon which is the royal crown, representing Schreyer's service as the sovereign's representative.

See also

• List of premiers of Manitoba


• List of Manitobans


• List of Canadian university leaders

Notes

1. 
   ^ In 1952, the Earl Alexander of Tunis resigned as Governor General of Canada to accept an appointment as Minister of Defence in the British Cabinet chaired by Winston Churchill. The Marquess of Lansdowne and The Duke of Devonshire both served in British Cabinets following their viceregal careers; Lansdowne also went on to serve for over a decade as leader of the Conservative Party in the House of Lords.
   

References

1. 
   ^ Privy Council Office (October 30, 2008). "Information Resources > Current Chronological List of Members of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada > 1981 – 1990". Queen's Printer for Canada. Retrieved March 7, 2009..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
   


2. 
   ^ "Ed Schreyer". Archives and Special Collections. University of Manitoba. Retrieved January 7, 2014.
   


3. 
   ^ ^abcd Office of the Governor General of Canada. "History > Former Governors General > Canadian Governors General". Queen's Printer for Canada. Retrieved January 7, 2014.
   


4. 
   ^ ^abcde "The Right Honourable Edward R. Schreyer Re-Elected as Chancellor" (Press release). Brandon University. February 2, 2005. Archived from the original on February 19, 2006. Retrieved March 10, 2009.
   


5. 
   ^ ^abcd Hillmer, Norman, "Biography > Governors General of Canada > Schreyer, Edward Richard", in Marsh, James H., The Canadian Encyclopedia, Toronto: Historica Foundation of Canada, retrieved March 8, 2009
   


6. 
   ^ "The Terry Fox Foundation > Terry Fox > Honours For Terry". Terry Fox Foundation. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
   


7. 
   ^ "CBC Digital Archives > Sports > Exploits > Terry Fox, C.C." CBC. April 10, 2002. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
   


8. 
   ^ "Nations > Canada > Governors-General > Schreyer, Edward Richard". Archontology.org. Retrieved March 8, 2009.
   


9. 
   ^ Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade. "About the Department > Canadian Heads of Posts Abroad from 1880 > Australia". Queen's Printer for Canada. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
   


10. 
    ^ "Brandon University campus courtyard named in honour of Chancellor Emeritus Dr. Kevin Kavanagh and Els Kavanagh" (Press release). Brandon University. October 5, 2006. Archived from the original on July 7, 2007. Retrieved March 8, 2009.
    


11. 
    ^ "Ed Schreyer will run for the NDP in Manitoba". CTV. December 15, 2005. Archived from the original on November 20, 2007. Retrieved March 9, 2009.
    


12. 
    ^ "Decision 2006 > Live election results". The Globe and Mail. Archived from the original on September 24, 2008. Retrieved March 9, 2009.
    


13. 
    ^ "Schreyer supports legal rights for gay spouses". CTV. December 18, 2005. Archived from the original on March 13, 2007. Retrieved March 9, 2009.
    


14. 
    ^ "Don't let Harper 'duck a confidence vote': former GG". CTV. December 4, 2008. Archived from the original on December 5, 2008. Retrieved December 4, 2008.
    


15. 
    ^ Office of the Governor General of Canada. "Honours > Order of Canada". Queen's Printer for Canada. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
    


16. 
    ^ ^ab Elizabeth II (2013), The Constitution of the Order of Canada, Queen's Printer for Canada, retrieved May 17, 2013
    


17. 
    ^ Office of the Governor General of Canada. "Honours > Order of Military Merit". Queen's Printer for Canada. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
    


18. 
    ^ Office of the Governor General of Canada. "Honours > Insignia Worn by the Governor General". Queen's Printer for Canada. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
    


19. 
    ^ Office of the Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba. "Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba The Honourable Philip S. Lee, C.M., O.M. > Awards > Order of Manitoba > Order of Manitoba Official Register". Queen's Printer for Manitoba. Archived from the original on March 6, 2014. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
    


20. 
    ^ Photograph of Mr. Schreyer wearing his medals http://gg.ca/gallery.aspx?ID=11566#
    


21. 
    ^ "Arms of Past and Present Canadian Governors General". Royal Heraldry Society of Canada. Archived from the original on 2009-06-17. Retrieved March 12, 2009.
    


22. 
    ^ ^abc "Arms of Past and Present Canadian Governors General > SCHREYER, The Rt. Hon. Edward, CC, CMM, CD, PC". Royal Heraldry Society of Canada. Archived from the original on 2011-01-26. Retrieved March 5, 2009.
    

External links

• Web site of the Governor General of Canada entry for Edward Schreyer


• 
  


• Edward Schreyer – Parliament of Canada biography

Government offices
Preceded by Jules Léger	Governor General of Canada January 22, 1979 – May 14, 1984	Succeeded by Jeanne Sauvé
Political offices
Manitoba Provincial Government of Edward Schreyer
Preceded by Walter Weir	Premier of Manitoba July 15, 1969 – November 24, 1977	Succeeded by Sterling Lyon
Parliament of Canada
Preceded by Eric Stefanson, Sr.	Member of Parliament for Selkirk June 25, 1968 – June 25, 1969	Succeeded by Doug Rowland
Preceded by Joe Slogan	Member of Parliament for Springfield November 8, 1965 – June 25, 1968	Succeeded by Electoral district abolished
Legislative Assembly of Manitoba
Preceded by New electoral district	Member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba for Rossmere June 25, 1969 – January 22, 1979	Succeeded by Vic Schroeder
Preceded by New electoral district	Member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba for Brokenhead June 16, 1958 – November 8, 1965	Succeeded by Sam Uskiw
Diplomatic posts
Preceded by Raymond Cecil Anderson	Canadian High Commissioner to Australia, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, and Vanuatu May 14, 1984 – February 18, 1988	Succeeded by Robert Kilpatrick
Academic offices
Preceded by Kevin Kavanagh	Chancellor of Brandon University November 1, 2002 – October 31, 2008	Succeeded by Henry Champ
Order of precedence
Preceded by Richard Wagner as chief justice of Canada	Canadian order of precedence	Succeeded by Adrienne Clarkson as former governor general

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Monck Lisgar Dufferin Lorne Lansdowne Stanley Aberdeen Minto Grey Connaught Devonshire Byng Willingdon Bessborough Tweedsmuir Athlone Alexander Massey Vanier Michener Léger Schreyer Sauvé Hnatyshyn LeBlanc Clarkson Jean Johnston Payette

v t e Premiers of Manitoba
Boyd Girard Clarke Davis Norquay Harrison Greenway Macdonald R. Roblin Norris Bracken Garson Campbell D. Roblin Weir Schreyer Lyon Pawley Filmon Doer Selinger Pallister

v t e Leaders of the Manitoba CCF/NDP
Farmer Hansford Bryce Stinson Paulley Schreyer Pawley Doer Selinger Marcelino Kinew

Authority control	BNF: cb12033334x (data) GND: 129345466 ISNI: 0000 0000 7829 8389 LCCN: n83025290 VIAF: 23216400 WorldCat Identities (via VIAF): 23216400

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