Coprine


















































Coprine

Coprine.svg
Names

IUPAC name

N-(1-Hydroxycyclopropyl)-L-glutamine

Other names
(S)-2-Amino-5-[(1-hydroxycyclopropyl)amino]-5-oxopentanoate

Identifiers

CAS Number
  • 58919-61-2

3D model (JSmol)
  • Interactive image

ChemSpider
  • 97180


PubChem CID
  • 108079




Properties

Chemical formula
C8H14N2O4

Molar mass
7002202210000000000♠202.210 g·mol−1

Melting point
 197 to 199 °C (387 to 390 °F; 470 to 472 K) [1]

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).


Infobox references

Coprine is a mycotoxin. It was first isolated from common inkcap (Coprinopsis atramentaria). It also occurs in other mushrooms in the genus Coprinopsis[2] and in the brawny bolete (Imperator torsus).[3]


When combined with the consumption of alcohol, it causes "Coprinus syndrome".[4]:284[5] Symptoms include facial reddening, nausea, vomiting, malaise, agitation, palpitations and tingling in limbs, and arise five to ten minutes after consumption of alcohol.[4]:288 The signs are similar to those induced by disulfiram (Antabuse) and subsequent alcohol consumption. If no more alcohol is consumed, the symptoms will generally subside over two or three hours. Symptom severity is proportional to the amount of alcohol consumed.


Coprine is metabolized into glutamic acid and 1-aminocyclopropanol, the biologically active substance which inhibits the enzyme acetaldehyde dehydrogenase. This enzyme is involved in the metabolism of alcohol. When it is blocked, acetaldehyde accumulates, causing an alcohol flush reaction.



References





  1. ^ RÖMPP Online – Version 3.4, Stuttgart: Thieme Chemistry, 2009.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  2. ^ "Disulfiramlike Mushroom Toxicity". Medscape. 2017-01-07.


  3. ^ Kiwitt U, Laatsch H. (1994). "Coprin in Boletus torosus: Beruht die angebliche Alkoholunverträglichkeit durch den Verzehr des Netzstieligen Hexenröhrlings (Boletus luridus) auf einer Verwechslung?" [Coprine in Boletus torosus: Is the alleged alcohol hypersensitivity by ingestion of B. luridus caused by a mistake?] (PDF). Zeitschrift für Mykologie (in German). 60 (2): 423–30.


  4. ^ ab Benjamin, Denis R. (1995). Mushrooms: poisons and panaceas—a handbook for naturalists, mycologists and physicians. New York: WH Freeman and Company. ISBN 978-0-7167-2600-5.


  5. ^ Michelot, D. (1992). "Poisoning by Coprinus atramentarius". Natural Toxins. 1 (2): 73–80. doi:10.1002/nt.2620010203. PMID 1344910.








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