松毬














雄球花





Pinus coulteri


松毬，亦稱毬果、松塔，是屬松柏門植物具有的，包含生殖結構的植物组织。大家熟悉木質錐錐孔產生種子。产生花粉的雄性锥体通常是草本的，甚至在完全成熟时也不那么明显。锥体的单个板称为鳞片。



  • 雄毬果產生花粉，松毬的名字錐源於一個事實，即在某些物種的形狀酷似一個幾何圆锥体。雄性松毬類似所有松柏類結構，只是和不同於其他物種的規模安排方式。從中軸延長的片狀結構叫小孢子叶（microsporophylls），是種木質化的葉子。在每個小孢子叶下的是一個或數個孢子囊（花粉囊）。

  • 雌毬果（種子錐或排卵錐）包含胚珠，花粉受精時成為種子。錐孔結構和針葉樹家庭之間不同，往往對許多松柏類種的鑑定至關重要。




目录






  • 1 位置和分佈


  • 2 偽錐


  • 3 文化用途


  • 4 參考





位置和分佈


对于在澳大利亚发现的大多数物种，雄性和雌性松毬发生在同一植物（树木或灌木）上，雌性通常位于植物顶部的较高分支上。 这种分布被认为是提高交配的机会，因为花粉不可能在一个植物的冠部内垂直向上吹，而是可以在风中缓慢上升，在另一个植物上从一个植物吹到较高的一个植物。 在一些针叶树中，雄性松毬通常大量聚集在一起，而雌性松毬通常单独生长或仅在小簇中生长。



偽錐



文化用途


由于它们广泛存在，针叶锥是针叶树常见的地方的文化艺术和手工艺的传统部分。其用途的例子包括季节性花环和装饰品，点火器，鸟饲料，玩具等[1] 。



參考




  1. ^ Pine Cone Craft Projects. Familycrafts.about.com. 2013-08-23 [2013-08-30]. 




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