Mixing
盖螺科
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| 盖螺科 | |
|---|---|
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Oncomelania hupensis的一隻活體 | |
科学分类  | |
| 界： | 动物界 Animalia |
| 门： | 軟體動物門 Mollusca |
| 纲： | 腹足纲 Gastropoda |
| 目： | 玉黍螺類 Littorinimorpha |
| 总科： | 麂眼螺總科 Rissooidea |
| 科： | 盖螺科 Pomatiopsidae Stimpson, 1865[1] |
多样性[2] | |
| 約170個淡水物種 | |
盖螺科（學名：Pomatiopsidae）[3]，又名圆口螺科[4]，是一個科級分類單元，其物種皆為小型、主要為淡水螺（也有棲息於其他環境的物種）的有鰓和 口蓋的淡水生腹足纲软体动物。根據2005年《布歇特和洛克羅伊的腹足類分類)》，本科屬於截螺總科之下[5]。
本科物種已知是多種亞洲血吸蟲的中間宿主[6]。
目录
1 型態描述
2 分類
2.1 亞科
2.2 屬
3 分佈
4 生態
5 參考文獻
6 外部連結
型態描述
美國的貝類學家威廉·斯廷普森首次在1865年為這個分類單元定義為「蓋螺亞科」（Pomatiopsinae）[1]。
當時斯廷普森的分析如下[1]：
| “ | Pomatiopsinae, with the shell and operculum as in the Rissoinae. Foot with lateral sinuses. Size small. Amphibious. | ” |
| “ | 蓋螺亞科，螺殼及口蓋與麂眼螺亞科物種相同。腹足有橫向側竇。體小。水陸兩棲。 下領一屬 蓋螺屬（Pomatiopsis Tryon）。 | ” |
分類
亞科
根據2005年《布歇特和洛克羅伊的腹足類分類》，本科包括兩個亞科[5]，與Davis (1979)[7]提的分類相同，即如下：
盖螺亚科 Pomatiopsinae Stimpson, 1865：又名圆口螺亚科[4]，異名有Hemibiinae Heude, 1890; Tomichiinae Wenz, 1938[8]; Coxiellidae Iredale, 1943;[9] 釘螺科 Oncomelaniidae Salisbury & Edwards, 1961; Cecininae Starobogatov, 1983
拟钉螺亚科 Triculinae Annandale N., 1924[10]
拟钉螺族 Triculuni Annandale, 1924 - synonym: Delavayidae Annandale, 1924[11]
- tribe Jullieniini Davis, 1979[7]
- tribe Lacunopsini Davis, 1979[7]
- tribe Pachydrobiini Davis & Kang, 1990：1990年從舊定義（sensu Davis 1979[7]）的拟钉螺族分出來[12]
Family-group nameRehderiellinae Brandt, 1974[13] is also in Pomatiopsidae, but it is not allocated in detail.[5]。這組分類單元在2017年《布歇特等人的腹足類分類》被劃歸截螺總科的Iravadiidae科[14]。
屬
本科之下所包括的屬如下：
盖螺亚科（Pomatiopsinae）
Blanfordia Adams, 1863[6]
Cecina A. Adams, 1861[5][15]
Coxiella E. A. Smith, 1894[5]
Fukuia Abbott & Hunter, 1949[6]
Hemibia Heude, 1890[5] (species type: Oncomelania hupensis Gredler, 1881
Idiopyrgus Pilsbry, 1911[6][16] = Aquidauania Davis, 1979[7]
釘螺屬 Oncomelania Gredler, 1881[5]
蓋螺屬 Pomatiopsis Tryon, 1862：本科的模式屬[5]。
Tomichia Benson, 1851[5][17]
拟钉螺亚科 Triculinae：下領超過20個屬，可分為下列多個族[6]：
拟钉螺族 Triculuni
Delavaya Heude, 1889[5][12]
Fenouilia Heude, 1889[12]
Lithoglyphopsis Thiele, 1928[18][19]
拟钉螺属 Tricula Benson, 1843[20]：拟钉螺族的模式屬[5][12]
- tribe Jullieniini
Hubendickia Brandt, 1968[7]
Hydrorissoia Bavay, 1895[7]
Jullienia Crosse & P. Fischer, 1876：本族的模式屬[5]
Karelainia Davis, 1979[7]
Kunmingia Davis & Kuo in Davis, 1981[18][19]
Neoprososthenia Davis & Kuo in Davis, Kuo, Hoagland, Chen, Yang & Chen, 1984[18][19]
Pachydrobiella Thiele, 1928[7] - with the only species Pachydrobiella brevis (Bavay, 1895)[7]
- † Paraprososthenia Annandale, 1919[7]
Saduniella Brandt, 1970[7] - with the only species Saduniella planispira Brandt, 1970[7]
- tribe Lacunopsini
Lacunopsis Deshayes, 1876 - type genus of the tribe Lacunopsini[5]
- tribe Pachydrobiini
Gammatricula Davis & Liu in Davis, Liu & Chen, 1990[21]
Halewisia Davis, 1979[12] - with the only species Halewisia expansa (Brandt, 1970)[7]
Jinghongia Davis in Davis & Kang, 1990[12]
新拟钉螺属 Neotricula Davis in Davis, Subba Rao & Hoagland, 1986[12]
Pachydrobia Crosse & P. Fischer, 1876[12] - type genus of the tribe Pachydrobiini[5]
Robertsiella Davis & Greer, 1980[12]
Wuconchona Kang, 1983[12]
Wuconchona niuzhuangensis或Wuconchona nizhuangensis
- 亞科地位未定
Spiripockia Simone, 2012 (not allocated to a subfamily)[22]
分佈
本科物種有世界性的分佈[6]。
然而，在生物多樣性方面，本科物種在日本列島的多樣性特別高，八個物種裡有四個物種有分佈，當中更有兩個物種是當地原生種[6]。
擬釘螺亞科物種在东南亚以淡水螺的形式輻射分佈[6]。
Approximate distribution map of Pomatiopsidae.
Notes: Distribution of Tomichia includes also Central Africa,[23]
Cecina有八個物種[24]。
生態
盖螺科物種的棲息地呈多樣性：有淡水生的、兩棲的、沿海的、嗜鹽的、穴居的、甚至陸生的[6][22]也有。不過陸生類群僅在位於東亞日本列島的Blanfordia屬物種[6]。Tomichia屬和Coxiella屬包括多個在鹹水湖棲息的嗜鹽物種[6]。
盖螺科以一到兩條不同的演化路徑從海路進侵淡水棲息地[2]；另外還有以兩條不同的演化路徑進侵陸地棲息[6]。下表綜合本科各屬的棲息環境：
| 屬學名 | 中文名 | 物種數 | 棲息地 |
|---|---|---|---|
Blanfordia | 3[6] | 陸地[6] | |
Cecina (gastropod) | 8[24] | 沿岸海邊[24] | |
Coxiella | 10[7] (one of them extinct)[7] | 鹹水湖[25] | |
Fukuia | 3[6] | 陸地和淡水，也有兩棲，often arboreal[6] | |
"Fukuia" ooyagii： 属地位未定[6] | 1 | 淡水[6] | |
Hemibia | ?? | ?? | ?? |
Idiopyrgus | 1-3 species[6][16] | 淡水[16] | |
Oncomelania | 釘螺屬 | 2[6] | freshwater, marshy ground, seasonally amphibious[6] |
Pomatiopsis | 4[7] | marshy ground, amphibious[6] | |
Tomichia | 11[6] | freshwater, brackish,[17] saline lakes[6] | |
Delavaya | ? | ? | ? |
Fenouilia | ? | ? | 淡水 |
Lithoglyphopsis | ? | ? | ? |
Tricula | 拟钉螺属 | 15-20+ | 淡水 |
Hubendickia | 16[7] | ? | |
Hydrorissoia | 7[7] | ? | |
Jullienia | 10[7] | ? | |
Karelainia | 4[7] | ? | |
Kunmingia | ? | ? | ? |
Neoprososthenia | ? | ? | ? |
Pachydrobiella | 1[7] | ? | |
| † Paraprososthenia | 有指4個[7]或1 個cf.[26] | 化石，淡水湖的湖床 | |
Saduniella | 1[7] | ? | |
Lacunopsis | 12[7] | ? | |
Gammatricula | 4 | ? | |
Halewisia | 1[7] | ? | |
Jinghongia | ? | ? | ? |
Neotricula | 新拟钉螺属 | 2 (at least)[6] | 淡水 |
Pachydrobia | 10[7] | ? | |
Robertsiella | 3[27] | freshwater, streams[27] | |
Wuconchona | ? | ? | ? |
Rehderiella | ? | ? | ? |
Spiripockia | 1[22] | cavernicolous[22] |
參考文獻
This article incorporates public domain text from the reference[1] and CC-BY-2.0 from the reference[6]
^ 1.01.11.21.3 Stimpson W. (1865). "Researches upon the Hydrobiinae and allied forms chiefly made upon materials in the museum of the 史密森尼学会". Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 7(201): 1-59. page 4.
^ 2.02.1 Strong, E. E.; Gargominy, O.; Ponder, W. F.; Bouchet, P. Global diversity of gastropods (Gastropoda; Mollusca) in freshwater. Hydrobiologia. 2007, 595: 149. doi:10.1007/s10750-007-9012-6. hdl:10088/7390.
^ 程由注; 吴小平; 李莉莎. 斯氏并殖吸虫第一中间宿主拟钉螺属一新种记述 (中腹足目, 盖螺科). 海洋科学 (期刊). 2009, 33 (10): 97–99 （中文（简体））.
^ 4.04.1 陈翠娥; 康在彬; 刘月英. 亚洲和美洲的并殖吸虫的螺类宿主. 《中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志》. 1994, 1994年 (04期). ISSN 1000-7423 （中文（简体））.
^ 5.005.015.025.035.045.055.065.075.085.095.105.115.125.13 Frýda, J.; Hausdorf, B.; Ponder, W.; Valdés, Á.; Warén, A. Bouchet P.; Rocroi J.-P., 编. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia: International Journal of Malacology (Hackenheim, Germany / Ann Arbor, USA: ConchBooks). 2005, 47 (1-2): 397 pp. ISBN 3-925919-72-4. ISSN 0076-2997.
^ 6.006.016.026.036.046.056.066.076.086.096.106.116.126.136.146.156.166.176.186.196.206.216.226.236.246.25 Kameda, Y.; Kato, M. Terrestrial invasion of pomatiopsid gastropods in the heavy-snow region of the Japanese Archipelago. BMC Evolutionary Biology. 2011, 11: 118. PMC 3102040. PMID 21545707. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-11-118.
^ 7.007.017.027.037.047.057.067.077.087.097.107.117.127.137.147.157.167.177.187.197.207.217.227.237.247.257.26 Davis G. M. (1979). "The origin and evolution of the gastropod family Pomatiopsidae, with emphasis on the Mekong river Triculinae". Academy of natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Monograph 20: 1-120. ISBN 978-1-4223-1926-0.
^ Wenz, W. A. Handbuch der Paläozoologie [古代動物學手冊] 6 (1): 51, 63. 1938 （英语）.
^ Iredale T. (1943). The Australian Zoologist 10(2): 209.
^ Annandale N. (1924). "Studies on Schistosomiasis japonica. Appendix A. The molluscan hosts of the human blood fluke in China and Japan, and species liable to be confused with them". American Journal of Hygiene, Monographic Series 3: 269-294, plate 26. page 276.
^ Annandale N. (1924). Journal and Proceedings, Asiatic Society of Bengal new series 19(9): 403.
^ 12.012.112.212.312.412.512.612.712.812.9 Davis, G. M.; Kang, Z.-B. The genus Wuconchona of China (Gastropoda: Pomatiopsidae: Triculinae): anatomy, systematics, cladistics, and transmission of Schistosoma. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 1990, 142: 119–142. JSTOR 4064974 （英语）.
^ Brandt R. A. (1974). "The non-marine aquatic Mollusca of Thailand". Archiv für Molluskenkunde 105(1-4): 423 pp., 30 plates. page 70.
^ Bouchet, P.; Rocroi, J.P.; Hausdorf, B.; Kaim , A.; Kano , Y.; Nützel , A.; Parkhaev, P.; Schrödl, M.; Strong , E.E. Revised classification, nomenclator and typification of gastropod and monoplacophoran families. Malacologia. 2017, 61 (1-2): 1–526. doi:10.4002/040.061.0201 （英语）.
^ WoRMS (2010). Cecina A. Adams, 1861. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=397033 on 2011-04-04
^ 16.016.116.2 Malek, E. A. The South American hydrobioid genus Idiopyrgus Pilsbry, 1911. The Nautilus (期刊). 1983, 97 (1): 16–20 （英语）.
^ 17.017.1 Rosenberg, G. (2010). Tomichia Benson, 1851. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=405098 on 2011-04-04
^ 18.018.118.2 Guan F. & Niu A. O. {title} 拟钉螺及其传播的血吸虫的种系发生 [Phylogenetlc study on Triculinae and the associated Schistosoma] (PDF). International Journal of Medical Parasitic Diseases. 2009, 36 (6): 412–416 [2018-06-12]. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4122.2009.06.011. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2016-03-04） （中文）.
^ 19.019.119.2 Davis G. M., Wilke T., Zhang Y., Xu X.-J., Qiu C.-P., Spolsky C., Qiu D.-C., Li Y., Xia M.-Y. & Feng Z. (1999). "Snail-Schistosoma, Paragonimus interactions in China: population ecology, genetic diversity, coevolution and emerging diseases". Malacologia 41(2): 355-377.
^ 康在彬. 湖北拟钉螺属三新种. 《海洋与湖沼》. 1984, 1984年 (04期) [2018-06-12] （中文（简体））.
^ Wilke T., Davis G. M., Gong X. & Liu H. X. (2000). "Erhaia (Gastropoda: Rissooidea): phylogenetic relationships and the question of Paragonimus coevolution in Asia". American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 62(4): 453-459. PDF 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2006-07-15..
^ 22.022.122.222.3 Simone, L. R. L. A new genus and species of cavernicolous Pomatiopsidae (Mollusca, Caenogastropoda) in Bahia, Brazil. (PDF). Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia. 2012, 52 (40): 515–524. doi:10.1590/s0031-10492012022000001.
^ Brown D. S. (1994). Freshwater Snails of Africa and their Medical Importance. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 0-7484-0026-5.
^ 24.024.124.2 Prozorova, L. A. Morphological Features of Supralittoral Mollusks of the Genus Cecina (Gastropoda: Pomatiopsidae) from Peter the Great Bay, Sea of Japan. Russian Journal of Marine Biology. 2003, 29: 49–52. doi:10.1023/A:1022827920781.
^ Williams, W. D.; Mellor, M. W. Ecology of Coxiella (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Prosobranchia), a snail endemic to Australian salt lakes. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 1991, 84: 339. doi:10.1016/0031-0182(91)90053-T.
^ Davis, G. M.; Kuo, Y.-H.; Elaine, Hoagland K.; Chen, P.-L.; Yang, H.-M.; Chen, D.-J. Kunmingia, a New Genus of Triculinae (Gastropoda: Pomatiopsidae) from China: Phenetic and Cladistic Relationships. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 1981, 136: 165–193. JSTOR 4064826 （英语）.
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外部連結
 | 维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源：盖螺科 |
維基物種中有關盖螺科的數據- Davis G. M., Chen C.-E., Wu C., Kuang T.-F., Xing X.-G., Li L., Liu W.-J. & Yan Y.-L. (1992). "The Pomatiopsidae of Hunan, China (Gastropoda, Rissoacea)". Malacologia 34(1-2): 143-342.
Guan, F.; Niu, A. O.; Attwood, S. W.; Li, Y. L.; Zhang, B.; Zhu, Y. H. Molecular phylogenetics of Triculine snails (Gastropoda: Pomatiopsidae) from southern China. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 2008, 48 (2): 702–707. PMID 18502667. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2008.04.021.
Liu, L.; Huo, G.-N.; He, H.-B.; Zhou, B.; Attwood, S. W. A phylogeny for the Pomatiopsidae (Gastropoda: Rissooidea): a resource for taxonomic, parasitological and biodiversity studies. BMC Evolutionary Biology. 2014, 14: 29. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-14-29.
維基物種中有關盖螺科的數據
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