Patmos




Not to be confused with Patnos. For other uses, see Patmos (disambiguation).


Place in Greece






































































Patmos


Πάτμος


Chora and the Castle of Patmos
Chora and the Castle of Patmos



Patmos is located in Greece

Patmos

Patmos




Location within the region

2011 Dimos Patmou.png


Coordinates: 37°19.5′N 26°32.5′E / 37.3250°N 26.5417°E / 37.3250; 26.5417Coordinates: 37°19.5′N 26°32.5′E / 37.3250°N 26.5417°E / 37.3250; 26.5417
Country Greece
Administrative region South Aegean
Regional unit Kalymnos
Government

 • Mayor Gregory Stoikos
Area

 • Municipality 45.0 km2 (17.4 sq mi)
Highest elevation

 270 m (890 ft)
Lowest elevation

 0 m (0 ft)
Population
(2011)[1]

 • Municipality

 3,047
 • Municipality density 68/km2 (180/sq mi)
Time zone
UTC+2 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)
UTC+3 (EEST)
Postal code
855 xx
Area code(s) 22470
Vehicle registration KX, PO, PK
Website www.patmos.gov.gr

Patmos (Greek: Πάτμος, pronounced [ˈpatmos]) is a small Greek island in the Aegean Sea, most famous for being the location of the vision given to the disciple John in the Book of Revelation in the New Testament, and where the book was written.


One of the northernmost islands of the Dodecanese complex,[2] it has a population of 2,998 and an area of 34.05 km2 (13.15 sq mi). The highest point is Profitis Ilias, 269 metres (883 ft) above sea level. The municipality of Patmos, which includes the offshore islands of Arkoi (pop. 44), Marathos (pop. 5), and several uninhabited islets, has a total population of 3,047 (2011 census)[3] and a combined land area of 45.039 square kilometres (17.390 sq mi).[4] It is part of the Kalymnos regional unit.


Patmos' main communities are Chora (the capital city), and Skala, the only commercial port. Other settlements are Grikou and Kampos. The churches and communities on Patmos are of the Eastern Orthodox tradition. The mayor of Patmos is Gregory Stoikos.[5]




Contents






  • 1 History


    • 1.1 The birth of Patmos according to Greek mythology


    • 1.2 History from the Classical period to the present


    • 1.3 21st century




  • 2 Geography


  • 3 Economy


    • 3.1 Tourism




  • 4 Health


  • 5 Infrastructure


    • 5.1 Ferry




  • 6 Notable people


  • 7 International relations


    • 7.1 Twin towns — Sister cities




  • 8 See also


  • 9 References


  • 10 Further reading


  • 11 External links





History




View of the port (Skala)




The beach of Meloi, within walking distance of Skala





Monastery of Saint John the Theologian



The birth of Patmos according to Greek mythology


According to a legend in Greek mythology, the island's original name was "Letois", after the goddess and huntress of deer Artemis, daughter of Leto. It was believed that Patmos came into existence thanks to her divine intervention.


The myth tells how Patmos existed as an island at the bottom of the sea.[citation needed] Artemis frequently paid visits to Caria, the mainland across the shore from Patmos, where she had a shrine on Mount Latmos. There she met the moon goddess Selene, who cast her light on the ocean, revealing the sunken island of Patmos.[citation needed]


Selene was always trying to get Artemis to bring the sunken island to the surface and hence to life. Selene finally convinced Artemis, who, in turn, gained her brother Apollo's help to persuade Zeus to allow the island to arise from the sea.[citation needed]


Zeus agreed, and the island emerged from the water. The sun dried up the land and brought life to it. Gradually, inhabitants from the surrounding areas, including Mount Latmos, settled on the island and named it "Letois" in honour of Artemis.[6]







John the Apostle on Patmos by Jacopo Vignali.



History from the Classical period to the present


Patmos is seldom mentioned by ancient writers. Therefore, very little can be conjectured about the earliest inhabitants. In the Classical period, the Patmians prefer to identify themselves as Dorians descending from the families of Argos, Sparta and Epidaurus, further mingling with people of Ionian ancestry.[citation needed]


During the 3rd century BC, in the Hellenistic period, the settlement of Patmos acquired the form of an acropolis with an improved defence through a fortification wall and towers.[7]


Patmos is mentioned in the Book of Revelation, the last book of the Christian Bible. The book's introduction states that its author, John, was on Patmos when he was given (and recorded) a vision from Jesus. Early Christian tradition identified this writer John of Patmos as John the Apostle.[8] For this reason, Patmos is a destination for Christian pilgrimage. Visitors can see the cave where John is said to have received his Revelation (the Cave of the Apocalypse), and several monasteries on the island are dedicated to Saint John.


After the death of John of Patmos, possibly around 100, a number of Early Christian basilicas were erected on Patmos. Among these was a Grand Royal Basilica in honour of Saint John, built c. 300–350 at the location where the Monastery of Saint John the Theologian stands today.[citation needed]


Early Christian life on Patmos, however, barely survived Muslim raids from the 7th to the 9th century.[citation needed] During this period, the Grand Basilica was destroyed. In the 11th century, the Byzantine Emperor Alexios I Komnenos gave Christodoulos the complete authority over the island of Patmos, as well as the permission to build a monastery on the island. The construction of the monastery started in 1101.[7][9]


Population was expanded by infusions of Byzantine immigrants fleeing the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, and Cretan immigrants fleeing the fall of Candia in 1669.[citation needed]


The island was controlled by the Ottoman Empire for many years, but it enjoyed certain privileges, mostly related to tax-free trade by the monastery as certified by Ottoman imperial documents held in the Library.[citation needed] Ottoman rule in Patmos ("Batnaz" in Ottoman Turkish) was interrupted by initially Venetian occupation during Candian War between 1659 and 1669, then Russian occupation during Orlov Revolt between 1770 and 1774 and finally during Greek War of Independence.


In 1912, in connection with the Italo-Turkish War, the Italians occupied all the islands of the Dodecanese (except Kastellorizo), including Patmos. The Italians remained there until 1943, when Nazi Germany took over the island.[citation needed]


Around 1930, Elijah Muhammad of the Nation of Islam initiated the claim that, while residing on Patmos approximately 6,600 years ago, an evil scientist named Yakub initiated the creation of the white race through a process of selective breeding.[10]


In 1945, the Germans left and the island of Patmos remained autonomous until 1948, when, together with the rest of the Dodecanese Islands, it joined the independent Greece.[9]


In 1999, the island's historic center Chora, along with the Monastery of Saint John the Theologian and the Cave of the Apocalypse, were declared World Heritage Sites by UNESCO.[11] The monastery was founded by Saint Christodulos.[12] Patmos is also home to the Patmian School, a notable Greek seminary.



21st century


In September 2008, the municipality of Patmos refused landing to a group of undocumented refugees from Afghanistan and Iraq. On the weekend of September 19, 2008, about 134 refugees were rescued at sea. The refugees were taken to Patmos, the nearest municipality, for processing and care. The administration refused them permission to land. Eventually they were sent to the island of Leros where they were processed and given humanitarian aid.[13][14] Local authorities justified their action by contrasting it to alleged practices elsewhere in the EU: "Malta sinks their boats and Italy lets them drown", local leaders claimed.[citation needed]


Forbes magazine, in 2009, named Patmos "Europe's most idyllic place to live", writing that "Patmos has evolved over the centuries but has not lost its air of quiet tranquility, which is one reason why people that know it return again and again".[15]



Geography




Groikos beach


Patmos is situated off the west coast of Turkey and the continent of Asia. It is one of the northernmost islands of the Dodecanese complex. It is further west than its nearby neighboring islands.


It contains an area of 34.05 km2 (13.15 sq mi). The highest point is Profitis Ilias, 269 metres (883 feet) above sea level.


Patmos' main communities are Chora (the capital city) and Skala, the only commercial port. Other settlements are Grikou and Kampos.



Economy




Street of Chora



Tourism


Christian pilgrims frequently visit due to the island's connection with the prophet John and the writing of the Book of Revelation.[citation needed]



Health


For emergencies, Patmos has a medical centre, with several medical doctors on the premises. When residents require hospitalization beyond first aid, they are airlifted out of the island by helicopter (in emergencies) to nearby hospitals or, if the weather permits, they are transported by ferry.[citation needed]



Infrastructure



Ferry


The Island of Patmos has regular ferry services, which connect it to the following ports: Agathonissi Island, Mykonos Island, Paros Island, Piraeus (the main port of Athens), Pythagoreio and Karlovassi on Samos Island, Syros Island, Leros Island, Naxos Island, Arkoi, Lipsi Island, Symi Island and Rhodes Island.



Notable people




  • John of Patmos, author of the Book of Revelation

  • Patriarch Jeremias III of Constantinople

  • Patriarch Neophytus VI of Constantinople


  • Patriarch Jacob of Alexandria[citation needed]


  • Emmanuil Xanthos, founder of Filiki Eteria


  • Teddy Millington-Drake, English artist[16]



International relations


See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Greece


Twin towns — Sister cities


Patmos is twinned with:




  • Italy Grottaferrata, Italy[17]


  • United Kingdom Glastonbury, United Kingdom



See also




  • Icaria – island to the northwest

  • Patmos, Arkansas



References





  1. ^ ab "Απογραφή Πληθυσμού - Κατοικιών 2011. ΜΟΝΙΜΟΣ Πληθυσμός" (in Greek). Hellenic Statistical Authority..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  2. ^ "Pátmos: Greece". Geographical Names. Retrieved 2014-09-03.


  3. ^ https://greecetravelog.com/patmos-island-greece/ Archived 2012-11-05 at Archive.today


  4. ^ "Population & housing census 2001 (incl. area and average elevation)" (PDF) (in Greek). National Statistical Service of Greece. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-09-21.


  5. ^ "Patmos Municipality - GTP". 2017-02-13. Archived from the original on 2017-02-13. Retrieved 2017-02-13.CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)


  6. ^ Patmos – official website Archived 15 September 2008 at the Wayback Machine Legendary folk tales and mythology. Retrieved on 4 September 2008.


  7. ^ ab Patmos – official website Archived 15 September 2008 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 2008-09-04.


  8. ^ Justin Martyr, Dialogue with Trypho, 81.4


  9. ^ ab Greeka.com – Patmos history. Retrieved on 4 September 2008.


  10. ^ Lieb, Michael (1998). Children of Ezekiel: Aliens, UFOs, the Crisis of Race, and the Advent of End Time. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press. p. 140-142. ISBN 0822322684.


  11. ^ WHC-UNESCO-942, UNESCO, World Heritage Site #942.


  12. ^ Wikisource-logo.svg Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Patmos" . Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.


  13. ^ Nylou Editorial


  14. ^ Interpress Agency: Refugees Kept At Sea Archived 15 October 2008 at the Wayback Machine


  15. ^ Forbes, webpage:[1].


  16. ^ Hope, Jonathan (12 September 1994). "Obituary: Teddy Millington-Drake". The Independent. Retrieved 13 October 2018.


  17. ^ "Twinnings" (PDF). Central Union of Municipalities & Communities of Greece. Retrieved 2013-08-25.




Further reading


  • Tom Stone: The Summer of My Greek Taverna: A Memoir, Simon & Schuster, New York NY 2003,
    ISBN 0-7432-4771-X (Stone brings readers into the tiny Greek island world of Patmos.)


External links








  • Official website (in English) (in Greek)

  • http://www.patmosweb.gr/


  • Patmos Travel Guide(English)


  • Irene Neuwirth's eight great days in Greece(English)













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