List of Sultans of Brunei

Sultan and the Lord of Brunei Darussalam
Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam
Arms of His Majesty the Sultan and the Lord of Brunei Darussalam
Incumbent
The Sultan seen during the Golden Jubilee.
Hassanal Bolkiah since 5 October 1967
installation 1 August 1968
Details
Style	His Majesty
Heir apparent	The Crown Prince Al-Muhtadee Billah
First monarch	Sultan Muhammad Shah
Formation	1405
Residence	Istana Nurul Iman, Bandar Seri Begawan

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The Sultan of Brunei is the head of state and absolute monarch of Brunei. He is also head of government in his capacity as Prime Minister.^[1] Since independence from the British in 1984, only one Sultan has reigned, though the royal institution dates back to the 14th century.^[2]

The Sultan of Brunei can be thought of as synonymous with the ruling House of Bolkiah, with generations being traced from the first sultan, temporarily interrupted by the 13th Sultan, Abdul Hakkul Mubin, who in turn was deposed by a member of the House of Bolkiah. The Sultan's full title is: His Majesty The Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam.^[1]

Contents

• 
  1 Sultans
  


• 
  2 Uncertainties
  


• 
  3 See also
  


• 
  4 References
  

Sultans

Sultans of Brunei since 1368^[2]

No.	Name	Reign start	Reign end	Notes
1	Muhammad Shah / Awang Alak Betatar	1368[3]	1402	Established the Sultanate.[3]
2	Ahmad / Awang Pateh Berbai	1408	1425
3	Sharif Ali / Sultan Barkat (Blessed Sultan)	1425	1432	No direct genealogical relation to predecessor, but was selected as he was the son-in-law of the previous sultan (Ahmad) and was well versed in Islam.
4	Sulaiman	1432	1485	Son of the previous sultan, Sharif Ali. Abdicated to allow his son Bolkiah to become sultan.
5	Bolkiah / Nakhoda Ragam (The Singing Captain)	1485	1524	Son of the previous sultan, Sulaiman.
6	Abdul Kahar	1524	1530	Son of the previous sultan, Bolkiah
7	Saiful Rijal	1533	1581	Nephew and adopted-son of the previous sultan, Abdul Kahar. Castile War broke out between Brunei and Spain.
8	Shah Berunai	1581	1582	Eldest son of Sultan Saiful Rijal
9	Muhammad Hassan	1582	1598	Younger brother of Shah Berunai. Hukum Kanun Brunei or Law of Brunei was introduced. Continued the expansion of Bruneian Empire.
10	Abdul Jalilul Akbar	1598	1659	Eldest son of Muhammad Hassan. Olivier Van Noort visited Brunei.
11	Abdul Jalilul Jabbar	1659	1660	Second son of Abdul Jalilul Akbar.
12	Muhammad Ali	1660	1661	Strangled by his successor Abdul Hakkul Mubin, sparking the Brunei Civil War.
13	Abdul Hakkul Mubin	1660	1673	Started the Brunei Civil War by killing his predecessor Muhammad Ali and was in turn killed by Muhyiddin who succeeded him as Sultan.
14	Muhyiddin	1673	1690	Son of Abdul Jalilul Akbar who avenged the death of his father-in-law Muhammad Ali by killing Abdul Hakkul Mubin, thus ending the Brunei Civil War.
15	Nasruddin	1690	1710	The first sultan to introduce gold coinage. Dato Godam visited Brunei.
16	Hussin Kamaluddin	1710	1730	He ruled for the second time between 1737 to 1740. After his demise, he was known as Marhum Di Luba.
17	Muhammad Alauddin	1730	1737	Instructed Datu Imam Yaakub to write the Silsilah Raja-Raja Berunai or the Genealogy of the Sultans of Brunei.
18	Omar Ali Saifuddin I	1740	1778	Abdicated in 1778. The first sultan to be buried at Kubah Makam Di Raja in Bandar Seri Begawan.
19	Muhammad Tajuddin	1778	1807	Became the Sultan of Brunei twice, the first from 1778 to 1804 and the second from 1804 to 1807. He ordered Khatib Abdul Latif to inscribe Batu Tarsilah or Stone Tablet.
20	Muhammad Jamalul Alam I	1804	1804	The sultan who ruled less than a year.
21	Muhammad Kanzul Alam	1807	1826	Second son of Omar Ali Saifuddin I to become sultan. Appointed Pengiran Indera Mahkota Mohammad Salleh as Governor of Sarawak.
22	Muhammad Alam / Raja Api	1826	1828	Son of Muhammad Kanzul Alam.
23	Omar Ali Saifuddin II	1828	1852	Brunei ceded some territories of Sarawak to James Brooke. Brunei ceded Labuan to the British.
24	Abdul Momin	1852	29 May 1885	Brunei ceded northwestern part of Borneo to the British. The declaration of Amanat took place in 1884 that vowed not to cede more Brunei territories to foreign powers.
25	Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin	29 May 1885	10 May 1906	United Kingdom established protectorate over Brunei in 1888.
26	Muhammad Jamalul Alam II	10 May 1906	11 September 1924	The Sultan's reign was a short one. An outbreak of malaria claimed his life as well as three members of his family.
27	Ahmad Tajuddin	11 September 1924	4 June 1950	Japanese occupation of Brunei took place.
28	Omar Ali Saifuddien III	4 June 1950	5 October 1967	Signed the Brunei Constitution of 1959. Abdicated voluntarily in favor of his eldest son, Hassanal Bolkiah. Became Brunei's first Minister of Defence after independence in 1984.
29	Hassanal Bolkiah	5 October 1967	Incumbent	Brunei regained independence from the United Kingdom in 1984.

Uncertainties

The earliest historical record of the Sultans of Brunei is not clearly known due to the poor early documentation of Brunei's history. Many elder members of the House of Bolkiah claim that their ancestors were the BaHassan and BaAlawi Saadah from Tarim and Hadhramawt in Yemen. In addition there has been an effort to Islamise the history, with the "official history" not matching up with verifiable foreign sources.^[4] The Batu Tarsilah, the genealogical record of the kings of Brunei, was not started until 1807 CE.

See also

• House of Bolkiah


• Line of succession to the Bruneian throne


• Malay styles and titles

References

1. 
   ^ ^ab "Prime Minister". The Prime Minister's Office of Brunei Darussalam. Retrieved 24 April 2011..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
   


2. 
   ^ ^ab "Sultan-Sultan Brunei" (in Malay). Government of Brunei. Archived from the original on 15 April 2015. Retrieved 24 April 2011.
   


3. 
   ^ ^ab Elisseeff, Vadime (January 2000). "Chapter 8: A Brunei Sultan of the Early Fourteenth Century – A Study of an Arabic Gravestone". The Silk Roads: Highways of Culture and Commerce. Berghahn Books. pp. 145–157. ISBN 978-1-57181-222-3. Retrieved 26 December 2013.
   


4. 
   ^ "Brunei". 4dw.net. Retrieved 18 January 2015.
   

v t e List of Sultans of Brunei
by order and date of accession
14th century	Muhammad Shah
15th century	Abdul Majid Hassan Ahmad Sharif Ali Sulaiman Bolkiah
16th century	Abdul Kahar Saiful Rijal Shah Berunai Muhammad Hassan Abdul Jalilul Akbar
17th century	Abdul Jalilul Jabbar Muhammad Ali Abdul Hakkul Mubin Muhyiddin Nassaruddin
18th century	Hussin Kamaluddin (First reign) Muhammad Alauddin Hussin Kamaluddin (Second reign) Omar Ali Saifuddin I Muhammad Tajuddin
19th century	Muhammad Jamalul Alam I Muhammad Kanzul Alam Muhammad Alam Omar Ali Saifuddin II Abdul Momin Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin
20th century	Muhammad Jamalul Alam II Ahmad Tajuddin Omar Ali Saifuddien III Hassanal Bolkiah
Brunei styles and titles - House of Bolkiah - Line of succession to the Bruneian throne

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