Foreign born

For the band, see Foreign Born.

For a broader coverage of this topic, see Nationality law.

Foreign-born (also non-native) people are those born outside of their country of residence. Foreign born are often non-citizens, but many are naturalized citizens of the country in which they live, and others are citizens by descent, typically through a parent.

The term foreign born encompasses both immigrants and expatriates but is not synonymous with either. Foreign born may, like immigrants, have committed to living in a country permanently or, like expatriates, live abroad for a significant period with the plan to return to their birth-country eventually.

The status of foreign born — particularly their access to citizenship — differs globally. The large groups of foreign-born guest workers in Arab states of the Persian Gulf, for example, have no right to citizenship no matter the length of their residence. In Canada, Australia and the United States, by contrast, foreign born are often citizens or in the process of becoming citizens. Certain countries have intermediary rules: in Germany and Japan it is often difficult but not impossible for the foreign born to become citizens.

Contents

• 
  1 Trends by country
  


• 
  2 Cities with largest foreign born populations
  


• 
  3 45.4Metropolitan and Urban regions with largest foreign born populations
  


• 
  4 See also
  


• 
  5 References
  


• 
  6 External links
  

Trends by country

See also: List of countries by foreign-born population

See also: Foreign born scientists and engineers in the United States

The percentage of foreign born in a country is the product mostly of immigration rates, but is also affected by emigration rates and birth and death rates in the destination country. For example, the United Kingdom and Ireland are destination countries for migrants from Eastern Europe, Africa, and Asia, but are themselves source countries for immigration to other English-speaking countries. The countries with the highest rates of immigration are wealthy countries with relatively open nationality or migration laws, including the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, and the Persian Gulf states.

The largest foreign-born population in the world is in the United States, which was home to 39 million foreign-born residents in 2012, or 12.6% of the population.^[1] The highest percentage of foreign-born residents occurs in small, wealthy countries with large numbers of temporary foreign workers, such as the United Arab Emirates and Qatar; the population of each is, depending on the economy at the time, around 80%.^[2] In 2010, the Migration Policy Institute reported that the largest percentages were Qatar (86.5%) and UAE (70%).^[3]

Cities with largest foreign born populations

Rank	City	Country	Estimate Source	Foreign-Born Population	Percentage
1	London	United Kingdom	ONS 2016	3,309,000[4]	37.8%
2	New York City	United States	2016 ACS	3,200,219[5]	37.5%
3	Sydney	Australia	2016 Census	1,961,977[6]	45.4%
4	Melbourne	Australia	2016 Census	1,784,794[7]	41.3%
5	Los Angeles	United States	2016 ACS	1,499,418	37.7%
6	Toronto	Canada	Canada 2016 Census	1,266,005[8]	47.0%
7	Houston	United States	2016 ACS	698,395	30.3%
8	Brisbane	Australia	2016 Census	682,132[9]	33.2%
9	Chicago	United States	2016 ACS	559,623	20.7%
10	Montréal	Canada	Canada 2016 Census	570,940	34.3%
11	San Jose	United States	2016 ACS	402,776	39.3%
12	Calgary	Canada	Canada 2016 Census	383,065	31.3%
13	San Diego	United States	2016 ACS	373,842	26.7%
14	Paris	France	2014 UrbiStat	325,100[10]	14.6%
15	Dallas	United States	2016 ACS	324,972	24.7%
16	Milan	Italy	Istat 2011	324,378[11]	10.7%
17	San Francisco	United States	2016 ACS	296,849	34.9%
18	Miami	United States	2016 ACS	264,656	58.3%
19	Vancouver	Canada	Canada 2016 Census	262,765	42.5%
20	Ottawa	Canada	Canada 2016 Census	216,505	23.6%
21	Boston	United States	2016 ACS	194,264	28.9%
22	Birmingham	United Kingdom	ONS 2016	140,000	22.8%
23	Manchester	United Kingdom	ONS 2016	140,000	26.4%

45.4Metropolitan and Urban regions with largest foreign born populations

1. Data for the cities listed below is from numerous sources.

Rank[12]	City	Country	Foreign-Born Population	Sources of Immigrants
1	New York metropolitan area	United States	5,656,000[13]	China  Dominican Republic  Mexico  India  South Korea  Jamaica  Ecuador  Colombia  Guyana  Italy  Haiti
2	Los Angeles metropolitan area	United States	4,421,000[13]	Mexico  Philippines  El Salvador  China  Vietnam  South Korea  Guatemala  Iran  India
3	London and Home Counties	United Kingdom	4,051,502[4]	India  Poland  Bangladesh  Romania  Pakistan  Italy  Nigeria  Ireland  Sri Lanka  France
4	Toronto metropolitan area	Canada	2,842,445[14]	China  Philippines  India  Sri Lanka  Italy  United Kingdom  European Union  South Korea
5	Hong Kong (SAR)	Hong Kong	2,793,450	China  Indonesia  Philippines  Macau  Thailand
6	San Francisco Bay Area	United States	2,634,270[15][16]	Mexico  China  Philippines  Vietnam  India  El Salvador  South Korea  Iran
7	Paris metropolitan area	France	2,429,223[17]	Algeria  Portugal  Morocco  Tunisia  Guadeloupe  Martinique  Turkey  China  Italy  Mali
8	Sydney Greater Capital City Statistical Area	Australia	2,071,872[18]	China  United Kingdom  India  New Zealand  Vietnam  Philippines  South Korea  Lebanon  Sri Lanka
9	Miami metropolitan area	United States	1,949,629	Cuba  Haiti  Colombia  Jamaica  Nicaragua  Venezuela  Mexico  Peru  Honduras  Dominican Republic
10	Melbourne Greater Capital City Statistical Area	Australia	1,801,139 [19]	India  China  United Kingdom  Vietnam  New Zealand  Italy  Sri Lanka  Greece
11	Chicago metropolitan area	United States	1,625,649	Mexico  India  Poland  Philippines  China  South Korea  Italy  Guatemala  Ukraine
12	Brussels Urban Area	Belgium	1,441,600	Italy  France  Morocco  Turkey  Romania
13	Berlin Urban Area	Germany	1,231,500	Turkey  Russia  Poland  Syria  Italy  Bulgaria  Romania  Serbia  France  Vietnam  United Kingdom
14	Singapore (city only)	Singapore	1,305,011	Malaysia  China  India  Indonesia  Philippines  Bangladesh  Taiwan  Myanmar  South Korea
15	Moscow (city only)	Russia	1,128,035	Ukraine  Uzbekistan  Tajikistan  Azerbaijan  Moldova  Kazakhstan  Kyrgyzstan  Armenia  Belarus
16	Houston metropolitan area	United States	1,113,875	Mexico  El Salvador  Vietnam  India  China  Honduras  Philippines  Guatemala  Colombia
17	Metropolitan Dubai	United Arab Emirates	1,056,000	India  Pakistan  Bangladesh  Philippines  Iran  Sri Lanka
18	Riyadh (city only)	Saudi Arabia	1,054,000
19	Vancouver Urban Area	Canada	1,019,170	Hong Kong  China  India  South Korea  Taiwan  Philippines  Vietnam  Japan
20	Washington metropolitan area	United States	1,017,432	El Salvador  China  Ethiopia  Mexico  India  South Korea  Philippines  Vietnam  Peru  Bolivia
21	Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex	United States	1,016,221	Mexico  India  Vietnam  El Salvador  China  South Korea  Honduras  Philippines
22	Frankfurt Urban Area	Germany	998,400	Turkey  Italy  Croatia  Poland  Romania  Bulgaria  Serbia  Greece  Russia  Macedonia
23	Tokyo Urban Area	Japan	978,172	China  South Korea  Philippines  Vietnam  Brazil    Nepal  Taiwan  Peru  Thailand
24	Barcelona Urban Area	Spain	862,200	Italy  Pakistan  China  Ecuador  Bolivia  Morocco  France
25	Montreal Urban Area	Canada	740,400	Algeria  Morocco  Romania  France  Haiti  Lebanon
26	Brisbane Greater Capital City Statistical Area	Australia	731,198	New Zealand  England  China  India  South Africa  Philippines  Vietnam  South Korea  Taiwan  Scotland  Malaysia
27	Auckland Urban Area	New Zealand	662,298	United Kingdom  China  India  Fiji  Samoa  Philippines  South Korea  Sri Lanka
28	Muscat Urban Area	Oman	576,000	India  Pakistan  Bangladesh  Sri Lanka
29	Milan Urban Area	Italy	475,000
30	Greater Manchester	United Kingdom	302,000	Pakistan  China  Ireland  Bangladesh  Poland  Nigeria  India  Somalia  Jamaica  Iraq
31	Lyon Urban Area	France	241,000	Algeria  Morocco  European Union  Tunisia  Romania
32	Helsinki	Finland	213,290[20]	Russia  Estonia  Somalia  Iraq  Sweden  China  Yugoslavia  Vietnam  India  Turkey
33	Geneva	Switzerland	77,602	Italy  France  Spain  Germany
34	Luxembourg City	Luxembourg	70,783	France  Portugal  Italy  Belgium  Germany

See also

• Alien (law)


• Expatriate


• Immigration


• Naturalization


• Finishing School


• Foreign-born Japanese


• Immigrant generations

References

1. 
   ^ United States Census Bureau. Current Population Survey - March 2012 Detailed Tables, Table 1.1. Accessed September 6, 2014.
   


2. 
   ^ "UAE flatly rejects citizenship for foreign workers"..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
   


3. 
   ^ "Data Hub". migrationpolicy.org.
   


4. 
   ^ ^ab "Population of the United Kingdom by Country of Birth and Nationality".
   


5. 
   ^ "Place of Birth by Year of Entry by Citizenship Status for the Foreign-Born Population - Universe: Foreign-born population 2016 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates New York City". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 19, 2017.
   


6. 
   ^ "2016 Census QuickStats". Australian Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved January 4, 2019.
   


7. 
   ^ "2016 Census QuickStats". Australian Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved January 4, 2019.
   


8. 
   ^ "Census Profile, 2016 Census".
   


9. 
   ^ "2016 Census QuickStats". Australian Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved January 4, 2019.
   


10. 
    ^ "Province of PARIS". Urbistat. Retrieved June 14, 2018.
    


11. 
    ^ [1]
    


12. 
    ^ "Data Hub". migrationpolicy.org.
    


13. 
    ^ ^ab Jie Zong and Jeanne Batalova (April 14, 2016). "U.S. Immigrant Population by Metropolitan Area". Migration Policy Institute. Retrieved April 23, 2016.
    


14. 
    ^ "Census Profile, 2016 Census - Toronto (Census metropolitan area), Ontario and Ontario (Province)".
    


15. 
    ^ Bureau, U.S. Census. "American FactFinder - Results". factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved 2017-12-06.
    


16. 
    ^ "U.S. Immigrant Population by State and County". migrationpolicy.org. 2014-02-04. Retrieved 2017-12-06.
    


17. 
    ^ INSEE. "Répartition de la population de la France par région de naissance et région de résidence en 2008". Retrieved 2012-01-29.
    


18. 
    ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics. "2016 Census QuickStats - Greater Sydney". Retrieved 2017-06-09.
    


19. 
    ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics. "2016 Census QuickStats - Greater Melbourne". Retrieved 2017-06-09.
    


20. 
    ^ http://pxnet2.stat.fi/PXWeb/pxweb/fi/StatFin/StatFin__vrm__vaerak/statfin_vaerak_pxt_032.px/?rxid=726cd24d-d0f1-416a-8eec-7ce9b82fd5a4
    

External links

• 
  ForeignBorn - a resource for entering and living in the USA


• USA Census Bureau on foreign born population


• Luxembourg – Country Summary


• Migration article from U.C. Davis

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