天仙子 (植物)







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如何讀生物分類框
天仙子

《科勒藥用植物》(1897), Hyoscyamus niger
《科勒藥用植物》(1897),
Hyoscyamus niger


科學分類


































界：
植物界 Plantae

（未分级）
开花植物 Angiosperms

（未分级）
真双子叶植物 Eudicots

（未分级）
菊类植物 Asterids
目：
茄目 Solanales
科：
茄科 Solanaceae
屬：
天仙子属 Hyoscyamus
種：
天仙子 H. niger


二名法

Hyoscyamus niger
L.

天仙子（学名：Hyoscyamus niger）又名莨菪、菲沃斯等，为茄科植物。




目录






  • 1 形态


  • 2 分布


  • 3 药用


  • 4 外部連結





形态


一年生或二年生有毒草本植物，全株有粘性腺毛，有特殊臭味。卵状披针形基生叶丛生，椭圆形茎生叶互生，边缘有疏齿；夏季开黄色漏斗形花，有紫色网状脉纹，单生叶腋，集于茎或枝端；蒴果包藏于增大的宿存萼内，盖状开裂。






  • 植株







  • 花







  • 果







  • 種子







  • Hyoscyamus niger






分布


产于欧洲、亚洲和美洲各地；野生于中国东北、河北、甘肃等地，现各地都有栽培。



药用


天仙子的叶子和种子供药用，主要含莨菪碱和阿托品等成份，有镇痉，止痛的效用。主治胃痛、神经經疼、气喘、杀虫等症。生天仙子是香港政府规管毒剧中药。





外部連結




  • 茛菪 Langdang 藥用植物圖像數據庫 (香港浸會大學中醫藥學院) （中文）（英文）


  • 天仙子 Tianxianzi 中藥材圖像數據庫 (香港浸會大學中醫藥學院) （中文）（英文）


  • 天仙子 Tian Xian Zi 中藥標本數據庫 (香港浸會大學中醫藥學院) （繁体中文）（英文）


  • 生天仙子 Sheng Tian Xian Zi 中藥標本數據庫 (香港浸會大學中醫藥學院) （繁体中文）（英文）


  • L-天仙子胺 L-hyoscyamine 中草藥化學圖像數據庫 (香港浸會大學中醫藥學院) （中文）（英文）





































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