橄欖岩




Perid SanCarlos.jpg

橄欖岩是一種超基性侵入岩石，深綠色，粒狀結構，主要由橄欖石和輝石組成，其中橄欖石成分達到40%-50%以上，含有少量的角閃石、黑雲母以及鉻、鐵礦等。橄欖岩含有少於45%的二氧化硅，屬於超基性岩石。
根據其含有的輝石種類的區別，橄欖岩可分為：




  • 斜方輝橄欖岩：幾乎完全由橄欖石和斜方輝石組成。


  • 異剝橄欖岩：主要由橄欖石和異剝石組成。


  • 二輝橄欖岩：是上述兩種橄欖岩的過渡品種。


橄欖岩為地球內地函的主要構成物，常與其他的基性岩或超基性岩形成混合的雜劣體，經過蝕變後可以形成蛇紋岩。和橄欖岩伴生的礦物還有鎳、鈷、鉑、石棉和滑石等。而橄欖岩會使二氧化碳氣體轉化成固態方解石。[1][2][3]



參考資料






  1. ^ 科學家發現橄欖岩可吸收二氧化碳. 路透社. 2008-11-10 [2008-11-11]. [永久失效連結]


  2. ^ Scientists say peridotite rock can soak up CO2. Reuters. 2008-11-10 [2008-11-11]. 


  3. ^ Rocks Could Be Harnessed To Sponge Vast Amounts Of Carbon Dioxide From Air. Science Daily. 2008-11-06 [2008-11-06]. 




外部連結


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常見火成岩的分類



















种类 超基性岩
< 45% SiO2		 基性岩
< 45-52% SiO2		 中性岩（英语：Intermediate composition）
52–63% SiO2		 中性岩（英语：Intermediate composition）-长英质
63–69% SiO2		 长英质
>69 % SiO2

火山岩(喷出岩):
浅成岩:
深成岩:

科马提岩,苦榄岩
金伯利岩, 钾镁煌斑岩
橄榄岩

玄武岩
辉绿岩（英语：Diabase）(粗玄岩（英语：dolerite）)
辉长岩

安山岩
闪长玢岩,正长斑岩
闪长岩

英安岩

花岗闪长岩

流纹岩
细晶岩—伟晶岩
花岗岩



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