董奉




董奉（200－280，一说220－280）字君異，号拔墘，又號杏林，侯官縣董墘村（今福建省福州市长乐区古槐镇青山村）人。東漢末年及三國時代著名醫師，與華佗、張仲景并称為「建安三神醫」，醫術記載較少。董奉家乡福州市长乐区有董奉山；山上有「汉董奉炼丹处」古迹，山下建有「杏林始祖董奉草堂」[1]。


董奉生前、歿後均有許多靈妙的事蹟，如治癒交州刺史士燮，拯救豫章百姓等，被江西、福建等地民眾尊為醫神，奉祀香火，晉懷帝封为「碧虚上监太乙真人」。宋徽宗加封為「昇元真君」，尊稱為「閭山大法院監雷法主碧虚昇元杏林救生真君」，其廟多稱為「救生堂」。臺灣地區盛行的閭山派，將許遜、徐甲、吳猛、董奉四真人共稱，即為四法主信仰[2]。



杏林


傳說董奉治病，無須饋禮，不取一文錢，只要求病患者栽種杏樹。病重的人种五棵，病情輕微的人则种一棵。年復一年，杏樹不計其數，鬱然成林。杏仁熟时，董奉便建一草仓储杏仁。需要杏仁的人，可用穀子交换。再将所得之穀赈济贫民，供给行旅。後代称颂医家之语“杏林春暖”，就来源于此[3]。



參考文獻


  • 《神仙傳》 東晉葛洪著




  1. ^ 长乐概要


  2. ^ 百善孝為先的感天大帝


  3. ^ 董奉. 福建省情资料库. 2008-08-28 [2014-06-25]. 









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