La Rioja (Congress of Deputies constituency)

La Rioja
Congress of Deputies Electoral Constituency
Location of La Rioja within Spain
Province	La Rioja
Autonomous community	La Rioja
Population	317,053 (2016)
Electorate	247,670 (2016)
Major settlements	Logroño
Current constituency
Created	1977
Seats	4
Member(s)	PP (2)      PSOE (1)      Podemos (1)

La Rioja—Logroño until 1982—is one of the 52 constituencies (Spanish: circunscripciones) represented in the Congress of Deputies, the lower chamber of the Spanish parliament, the Cortes Generales. The constituency currently elects four deputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of La Rioja. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and a closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of 3 percent.

Contents

• 
  1 Electoral system
  


• 
  2 Deputies
  


• 
  3 Elections
  
  
  
  • 
    3.1 2016 general election
    
  
  
  • 
    3.2 2015 general election
    
  
  
  • 
    3.3 2011 general election
    
  
  
  • 
    3.4 2008 general election
    
  
  
  • 
    3.5 2004 general election
    
  
  
  • 
    3.6 2000 general election
    
  
  
  • 
    3.7 1996 general election
    
  
  
  • 
    3.8 1993 general election
    
  
  
  • 
    3.9 1989 general election
    
  
  
  • 
    3.10 1986 general election
    
  
  
  • 
    3.11 1982 general election
    
  
  
  • 
    3.12 1979 general election
    
  
  
  • 
    3.13 1977 general election
    
  
  
  
  


• 
  4 References
  

Electoral system

The constituency was created as per the Political Reform Act 1977 and was first contested in the 1977 general election. The Act provided for the provinces of Spain to be established as multi-member districts in the Congress of Deputies,^[1] with this regulation being maintained under the Spanish Constitution of 1978. Additionally, the Constitution requires for any modification of the provincial limits to be approved under an organic law, needing an absolute majority in the Cortes Generales.^[2]

Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprises all nationals over eighteen and in full enjoyment of their political rights. The only exception was in 1977, when this was limited to nationals over twenty-one and in full enjoyment of their political and civil rights. Amendments to the electoral law in 2011 required for Spaniards abroad to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote (Spanish: Voto rogado).^[3] 348 seats are elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with a threshold of 3 percent of valid votes—which includes blank ballots—being applied in each constituency. Parties not reaching the threshold are not taken into consideration for seat distribution. Additionally, the use of the D'Hondt method may result in an effective threshold over three percent, depending on the district magnitude.^[4] Each provincial constituency is entitled to an initial minimum of two seats, with the remaining 248 allocated among the constituencies in proportion to their populations. Ceuta and Melilla are allocated the two remaining seats, which are elected using plurality voting.^[2][5][6][7]

The electoral law provides that parties, federations, coalitions and groupings of electors are allowed to present lists of candidates. However, groupings of electors are required to secure the signature of at least 1 percent of the electors registered in the constituency for which they are seeking election—0.1 percent and, at least, the signature of 500 electors, until 1985—. Also since 2011, parties, federations or coalitions who have not obtained a mandate in either House of Parliament at the preceding election are required to secure the signature of at least 0.1 percent of the electors registered in the constituency for which they are seeking election. Electors are barred from signing for more than one list of candidates. Concurrently, parties and federations intending to enter in coalition to take part jointly at an election are required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election being called.^[5][7]

Deputies

Deputies for La Rioja 1977–
Key to parties   U.Podemos   Podemos   PSOE   UCD   PP   CP   AP
Legislature	Election	Distribution
Constituent	1977	1 2 1
1st	1979	1 3
2nd	1982	2 2
3rd	1986	2 2
4th	1989	2 2
5th	1993	2 2
6th	1996	2 2
7th	2000	1 3
8th	2004	2 2
9th	2008	2 2
10th	2011	1 3
11th	2015	1 1 2
12th	2016	1 1 2

Elections

2016 general election

Summary of the 26 June 2016 Congress of Deputies election results in La Rioja

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	People's Party (PP)	73,708	42.61	+4.27	2	±0
	Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)	42,010	24.29	+0.60	1	±0
	United We Can (Podemos–IU–eQuo)1	28,772	16.63	–3.40	1	±0
	Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's)	24,180	13.98	–1.15	0	±0
	Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA)	1,350	0.78	+0.12	0	±0
	Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD)	425	0.25	–0.52	0	±0
	Vox (Vox)	366	0.21	New	0	±0
	Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV)	312	0.18	–0.02	0	±0
	Blank Seats (EB)	304	0.18	–0.02	0	±0
	Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE)	250	0.14	+0.01	0	±0
	Rioja Southern Territory–Navarrese Freedom (HRTS–Ln)	80	0.05	New	0	±0
Blank ballots		1,225	0.71	–0.13
Total		172,982			4	±0
Valid votes		172,982	98.90	+0.05
Invalid votes		1,931	1.10	–0.05
Votes cast / turnout		174,913	70.62	–1.81
Abstentions		72,757	29.38	+1.81
Registered voters		247,670
Sources[8]
Footnotes: 1Unidos Podemos results are compared to the combined totals of Podemos and United Left–Popular Unity in Common in the 2015 election.

2015 general election

Summary of the 20 December 2015 Congress of Deputies election results in La Rioja

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	People's Party (PP)	67,941	38.34	–16.36	2	–1
	Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)	41,973	23.69	–7.40	1	±0
	We Can (Podemos)	28,073	15.84	New	1	+1
	Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's)	26,812	15.13	New	0	±0
	United Left–Popular Unity in Common (IU–UPeC)	7,423	4.19	–0.21	0	±0
	Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD)	1,361	0.77	–5.19	0	±0
	Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA)	1,177	0.66	+0.21	0	±0
	Blank Seats (EB)	362	0.20	–0.36	0	±0
	Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV)	360	0.20	New	0	±0
	Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE)	229	0.13	–0.09	0	±0
Blank ballots		1,496	0.84	–0.77
Total		177,207			4	±0
Valid votes		177,207	98.85	+0.43
Invalid votes		2,062	1.15	–0.43
Votes cast / turnout		179,269	72.43	–0.35
Abstentions		68,238	27.57	+0.35
Registered voters		247,507
Sources[9]

2011 general election

Summary of the 20 November 2011 Congress of Deputies election results in La Rioja

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	People's Party (PP)	95,124	54.70	+5.19	3	+1
	Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)	54,066	31.09	–12.54	1	–1
	Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD)	10,367	5.96	+4.68	0	±0
	United Left: Plural Left (IU)	7,995	4.60	+2.66	0	±0
	Equo (eQuo)	1,626	0.93	New	0	±0
	Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA)	779	0.45	New	0	±0
	For a Fairer World (PUM+J)	686	0.39	+0.27	0	±0
	Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE)	380	0.22	+0.14	0	±0
	Communist Unification of Spain (UCE)	94	0.05	New	0	±0
Blank ballots		2,793	1.61	+0.51
Total		173,910			4	±0
Valid votes		173,910	98.42	–0.88
Invalid votes		2,797	1.58	+0.88
Votes cast / turnout		176,707	72.78	–6.51
Abstentions		66,093	27.22	+6.51
Registered voters		242,800
Sources[10]

2008 general election

Summary of the 9 March 2008 Congress of Deputies election results in La Rioja

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	People's Party (PP)	93,104	49.51	–0.43	2	±0
	Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)	82,032	43.63	–0.34	2	±0
	United Left (IU)	3,647	1.94	–0.82	0	±0
	Riojan Party (PR)	2,837	1.51	New	0	±0
	Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD)	2,405	1.28	New	0	±0
	The Greens (LV)	853	0.45	New	0	±0
	For a Fairer World (PUM+J)	221	0.12	New	0	±0
	Social Democratic Party (PSD)	214	0.11	New	0	±0
	Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE)	150	0.08	New	0	±0
	Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's)	102	0.05	New	0	±0
	Family and Life Party (PFyV)	72	0.04	–0.19	0	±0
	National Democracy (DN)	72	0.04	–0.03	0	±0
	Spanish Alternative (AES)	61	0.03	New	0	±0
	Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS)	60	0.03	New	0	±0
	Humanist Party (PH)	48	0.03	New	0	±0
	Authentic Phalanx (FA)	39	0.02	New	0	±0
	Spain 2000 (E–2000)	37	0.02	New	0	±0
	Carlist Party (PC)	11	0.01	–0.02	0	±0
Blank ballots		2,068	1.10	–0.97
Total		188,033			4	±0
Valid votes		188,033	99.30	+0.08
Invalid votes		1,328	0.70	–0.08
Votes cast / turnout		189,361	79.29	–0.17
Abstentions		49,447	20.71	+0.17
Registered voters		238,808
Sources[11]

2004 general election

Summary of the 14 March 2004 Congress of Deputies election results in La Rioja

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	People's Party (PP)	92,441	49.94	–4.16	2	–1
	Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)	81,390	43.97	+9.10	2	+1
	United Left (IU)	5,115	2.76	–1.26	0	±0
	Citizens for Blank Votes (CenB)	926	0.50	New	0	±0
	Family and Life Party (PFyV)	434	0.23	New	0	±0
	Democratic and Social Centre (CDS)	272	0.15	+0.07	0	±0
	Republican Left (IR)	253	0.14	New	0	±0
	The Phalanx (FE)	154	0.08	+0.02	0	±0
	National Democracy (DN)	123	0.07	New	0	±0
	Republican Social Movement (MSR)	101	0.05	New	0	±0
	Carlist Party (PC)	63	0.03	±0.00	0	±0
Blank ballots		3,827	2.07	+0.15
Total		185,099			4	±0
Valid votes		185,099	99.22	–0.02
Invalid votes		1,446	0.78	+0.02
Votes cast / turnout		186,545	79.46	+5.25
Abstentions		48,231	20.54	–5.25
Registered voters		234,776
Sources[12]

2000 general election

Summary of the 12 March 2000 Congress of Deputies election results in La Rioja

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	People's Party (PP)	91,810	54.10	+4.69	3	+1
	Spanish Socialist Workers' Party–Progressives (PSOE–p)	59,171	34.87	–1.78	1	–1
	United Left (IU)	6,830	4.02	–4.69	0	±0
	Riojan Party (PR)	6,155	3.63	+0.23	0	±0
	The Greens (LV)	1,709	1.01	New	0	±0
	Spanish Democratic Party (PADE)	139	0.08	New	0	±0
	Centrist Union–Democratic and Social Centre (UC–CDS)	131	0.08	–0.18	0	±0
	Movement for Humanist Socialism (MASH)	121	0.07	New	0	±0
	The Phalanx (FE)	104	0.06	New	0	±0
	Humanist Party (PH)	79	0.05	New	0	±0
	Natural Law Party (PLN)	79	0.05	New	0	±0
	Carlist Party (PC)	56	0.03	New	0	±0
	Spain 2000 Platform (ES2000)	46	0.03	New	0	±0
Blank ballots		3,265	1.92	+0.45
Total		169,695			4	±0
Valid votes		169,695	99.24	–0.16
Invalid votes		1,302	0.76	+0.16
Votes cast / turnout		170,997	74.21	–6.71
Abstentions		59,430	25.79	+6.71
Registered voters		230,427
Sources[13]

1996 general election

Summary of the 3 March 1996 Congress of Deputies election results in La Rioja

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	People's Party (PP)	88,069	49.41	+3.15	2	±0
	Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)	65,311	36.65	–0.95	2	±0
	United Left–La Rioja (IU)	15,530	8.71	+1.75	0	±0
	Riojan Party (PR)	6,065	3.40	–1.02	0	±0
	Centrist Union (UC)	472	0.26	–1.86	0	±0
	Authentic Spanish Phalanx (FEA)	167	0.09	New	0	±0
Blank ballots		2,612	1.47	+0.22
Total		178,226			4	±0
Valid votes		178,226	99.40	–0.04
Invalid votes		1,080	0.60	+0.04
Votes cast / turnout		179,306	80.92	+0.92
Abstentions		42,277	19.08	–0.92
Registered voters		221,583
Sources[14]

1993 general election

Summary of the 6 June 1993 Congress of Deputies election results in La Rioja

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	People's Party (PP)	78,792	46.26	+5.17	2	±0
	Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)	64,037	37.60	–2.10	2	±0
	United Left–La Rioja (IU)	11,850	6.96	+0.54	0	±0
	Riojan Party (PR)	7,532	4.42	New	0	±0
	Democratic and Social Centre (CDS)	3,609	2.12	–5.06	0	±0
	The Greens (LV)	996	0.58	New	0	±0
	The Ecologists (LE)	493	0.29	–0.99	0	±0
	Ruiz-Mateos Group–European Democratic Alliance (ARM–ADE)	432	0.25	–0.98	0	±0
	Health and Ecology in Solidarity (SEES)	142	0.08	New	0	±0
	Natural Law Party (PLN)	82	0.05	New	0	±0
	Coalition for a New Socialist Party (CNPS)	76	0.04	New	0	±0
	Spanish Democratic Republican Action (ARDE)	73	0.04	New	0	±0
	Humanist Party (PH)	71	0.04	New	0	±0
	Communist Unification of Spain (UCE)	0	0.00	New	0	±0
Blank ballots		2,125	1.25	+0.05
Total		170,310			4	±0
Valid votes		170,310	99.44	+0.33
Invalid votes		967	0.56	–0.33
Votes cast / turnout		171,277	80.00	+7.96
Abstentions		42,807	20.00	–7.96
Registered voters		214,084
Sources[15]

1989 general election

Summary of the 29 October 1989 Congress of Deputies election results in La Rioja

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	People's Party (PP)1	60,737	41.09	+1.87	2	±0
	Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)	58,678	39.70	–4.22	2	±0
	Democratic and Social Centre (CDS)	10,620	7.18	–2.90	0	±0
	United Left (IU)	9,495	6.42	+4.42	0	±0
	The Ecologist Greens (LVE)	1,893	1.28	New	0	±0
	Ruiz-Mateos Group (Ruiz-Mateos)	1,823	1.23	New	0	±0
	Workers' Socialist Party (PST)	848	0.57	New	0	±0
	Social Democratic Coalition (CSD)	769	0.52	New	0	±0
	Workers' Party of Spain–Communist Unity (PTE–UC)2	679	0.46	–0.57	0	±0
	Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE)	271	0.18	New	0	±0
	Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS)	220	0.15	–0.10	0	±0
Blank ballots		1,775	1.20	+0.28
Total		147,808			4	±0
Valid votes		147,808	99.11	+1.07
Invalid votes		1,326	0.89	–1.07
Votes cast / turnout		149,134	72.04	–2.27
Abstentions		57,875	27.96	+2.27
Registered voters		207,009
Sources[16]
Footnotes: 1People's Party results are compared to People's Coalition totals in the 1986 election. 2Workers' Party of Spain–Communist Unity results are compared to Communists' Unity Board totals in the 1986 election.

1986 general election

Summary of the 22 June 1986 Congress of Deputies election results in La Rioja

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)	65,151	43.92	+0.47	2	±0
	People's Coalition (AP–PDP–PL)1	58,177	39.22	–2.31	2	±0
	Democratic and Social Centre (CDS)	14,953	10.08	+6.38	0	±0
	United Left (IU)2	2,961	2.00	+0.40	0	±0
	Democratic Reformist Party (PRD)	2,824	1.90	New	0	±0
	Communists' Unity Board (MUC)	1,531	1.03	New	0	±0
	Communist Unification of Spain (UCE)	524	0.35	+0.06	0	±0
	Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS)	372	0.25	New	0	±0
	Republican Popular Unity (UPR)3	284	0.19	+0.12	0	±0
	Party of the Communists of Catalonia (PCC)	190	0.13	New	0	±0
Blank ballots		1,361	0.92	+0.22
Total		148,328			4	±0
Valid votes		148,328	98.04	+0.52
Invalid votes		2,968	1.96	–0.52
Votes cast / turnout		151,296	74.31	–9.79
Abstentions		52,308	25.69	+9.79
Registered voters		203,604
Sources[17]
Footnotes: 1People's Coalition results are compared to People's Alliance–People's Democratic Party totals in the 1982 election. 2United Left results are compared to Communist Party of Spain totals in the 1982 election. 3Republican Popular Unity results are compared to Communist Party of Spain (Marxist–Leninist) totals in the 1982 election.

1982 general election

Summary of the 28 October 1982 Congress of Deputies election results in La Rioja

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)	67,781	43.45	+14.32	2	+1
	People's Alliance–People's Democratic Party (AP–PDP)1	64,778	41.53	+27.66	2	+2
	Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD)	11,545	7.40	–40.64	0	–3
	Democratic and Social Centre (CDS)	5,774	3.70	New	0	±0
	Communist Party of Spain (PCE)	2,491	1.60	–1.97	0	±0
	Workers' Socialist Party (PST)	902	0.58	New	0	±0
	New Force (FN)2	669	0.43	–0.73	0	±0
	Communist Unification of Spain (UCE)	445	0.29	New	0	±
	Carlist Party (PC)	224	0.14	–0.29	0	±0
	Communist Unity Candidacy (CUC)	184	0.12	New	0	±0
	Communist Party of Spain (Marxist–Leninist) (PCE (m–l))	116	0.07	New	0	±0
	Riojan Left Coordinator (CIR)	0	0.00	New	0	±0
Blank ballots		1,086	0.70	+0.12
Total		155,995	100.00		4	±0
Valid votes		155,995	97.52	–1.25
Invalid votes		3,971	2.48	+1.25
Votes cast / turnout		159,966	84.10	+10.79
Abstentions		30,238	15.90	–10.79
Registered voters		190,204
Sources[18]
Footnotes: 1People's Alliance–People's Democratic Party results are compared to Democratic Coalition totals in the 1979 election. 2New Force results are compared to National Union totals in the 1979 election.

1979 general election

Summary of the 1 March 1979 Congress of Deputies election results in Logroño

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD)	64,735	48.04	+6.69	3	+1
	Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)1	39,245	29.13	+0.52	1	±0
	Democratic Coalition (CD)2	18,686	13.87	–0.60	0	–1
	Communist Party of Spain (PCE)	4,810	3.57	+0.78	0	±0
	National Union (UN)	1,569	1.16	New	0	±0
	Workers' Revolutionary Organization (ORT)3	1,546	1.15	–0.29	0	±0
	Party of Labour of Spain (PTE)4	1,053	0.78	+0.05	0	±0
	Communist Movement–Organization of Communist Left (MC–OIC)	982	0.73	New	0	±0
	Carlist Party (PC)	583	0.43	New	0	±0
	Republican Left (IR)	462	0.34	New	0	±0
	Communist Organization of Spain (Red Flag) (OCE–BR)	274	0.20	New	0	±0
	Proverist Party (PPr)	148	0.11	New	0	±0
Blank ballots		646	0.48	+0.12
Total		134,739			4	±0
Valid votes		134,739	98.77	+0.74
Invalid votes		1,680	1.23	–0.74
Votes cast / turnout		136,419	73.31	–10.76
Abstentions		49,678	26.69	+10.76
Registered voters		186,097
Sources[19]
Footnotes: 1Spanish Socialist Workers' Party results are compared to the combined totals of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party and People's Socialist Party–Socialist Unity in the 1977 election. 2Democratic Coalition results are compared to People's Alliance totals in the 1977 election. 3Workers' Revolutionary Organization results are compared to Workers' Electoral Group totals in the 1977 election. 4Party of Labour of Spain results are compared to Democratic Left Front totals in the 1977 election.

1977 general election

Summary of the 15 June 1977 Congress of Deputies election results in Logroño

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD)	56,917	41.35	n/a	2	n/a
	Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)	36,186	26.29	n/a	1	n/a
	People's Alliance (AP)	19,925	14.47	n/a	1	n/a
	Independent Riojan Candidacy (CIR)	5,682	4.13	n/a	0	n/a
	Communist Party of Spain (PCE)	3,846	2.79	n/a	0	n/a
	Federation of Christian Democracy (FPD–ID)	3,593	2.61	n/a	0	n/a
	People's Socialist Party–Socialist Unity (PSP–US)	3,188	2.32	n/a	0	n/a
	Independent Riojan Group (GIR)	2,399	1.74	n/a	0	n/a
	Workers' Electoral Group (AET)	1,986	1.44	n/a	0	n/a
	Democratic Socialist Alliance (ASDCI)	1,936	1.41	n/a	0	n/a
	Democratic Left Front (FDI)	1,006	0.73	n/a	0	n/a
	Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (Authentic) (FE–JONS(A))	639	0.46	n/a	0	n/a
Blank ballots		356	0.26	n/a
Total		137,659			4	n/a
Valid votes		137,659	98.03	n/a
Invalid votes		2,770	1.97	n/a
Votes cast / turnout		140,429	84.07	n/a
Abstentions		26,601	15.93	n/a
Registered voters		167,030
Sources[20]

References

1. 
   ^ "Political Reform Act of 1977". Law No. 1 of 4 January 1977. Official State Gazette (in Spanish). Retrieved 27 December 2016..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
   


2. 
   ^ ^ab "Spanish Constitution of 1978". Act of 29 December 1978. Official State Gazette (in Spanish). Retrieved 27 December 2016.
   


3. 
   ^ Reig Pellicer, Naiara (16 December 2015). "Spanish elections: Begging for the right to vote". cafebabel.co.uk. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
   


4. 
   ^ Gallagher, Michael (30 July 2012). "Effective threshold in electoral systems". Trinity College, Dublin. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
   


5. 
   ^ ^ab "General Electoral System Organic Law of 1985". Organic Law No. 5 of 19 June 1985. Official State Gazette (in Spanish). Retrieved 28 December 2016.
   


6. 
   ^ "Constitution" (PDF). congreso.es. Congress of Deputies. Retrieved 19 June 2017.
   


7. 
   ^ ^ab "Representation of the people Institutional Act". juntaelectoralcentral.es. Central Electoral Commission. Retrieved 16 June 2017.
   


8. 
   ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. June 2016. La Rioja". infoelectoral.mir.es (in Spanish). Ministry of the Interior. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
   


9. 
   ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. December 2015. La Rioja". infoelectoral.mir.es (in Spanish). Ministry of the Interior. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
   


10. 
    ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. November 2011. La Rioja". infoelectoral.mir.es (in Spanish). Ministry of the Interior. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
    


11. 
    ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. March 2008. La Rioja". infoelectoral.mir.es (in Spanish). Ministry of the Interior. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
    


12. 
    ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. March 2004. La Rioja". infoelectoral.mir.es (in Spanish). Ministry of the Interior. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
    


13. 
    ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. March 2000. La Rioja". infoelectoral.mir.es (in Spanish). Ministry of the Interior. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
    


14. 
    ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. March 1996. La Rioja". infoelectoral.mir.es (in Spanish). Ministry of the Interior. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
    


15. 
    ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. June 1993. La Rioja". infoelectoral.mir.es (in Spanish). Ministry of the Interior. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
    


16. 
    ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. October 1989. La Rioja". infoelectoral.mir.es (in Spanish). Ministry of the Interior. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
    


17. 
    ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. June 1986. La Rioja". infoelectoral.mir.es (in Spanish). Ministry of the Interior. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
    


18. 
    ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. October 1982. La Rioja". infoelectoral.mir.es (in Spanish). Ministry of the Interior. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
    


19. 
    ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. March 1979. La Rioja". infoelectoral.mir.es (in Spanish). Ministry of the Interior. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
    


20. 
    ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. June 1977. La Rioja". infoelectoral.mir.es (in Spanish). Ministry of the Interior. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
    

v t e Congress of Deputies constituencies in Spain

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Coordinates: 42°15′N 2°30′W / 42.250°N 2.500°W / 42.250; -2.500

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