Mixing
Fifth Army (Ottoman Empire)
| Fifth Army | |
|---|---|
 Headquarters Personnel: front row, from right to left: Hüseyin Rauf Bey, Vehib Pasha, Sanders Pasha, Esat Pasha, Süleyman Pasha, Cevat Bey ?, back row, from right to left: unnamed, İsmet Bey, (from Second Army), Âsım Bey, Erich Prigge, Kâzım Bey, Şükrü Bey (from First Army), Refik Münir Bey (from Second Army) | |
| Active | March 25, 1915 – November 21, 1918[1] |
| Country |  Ottoman Empire |
| Type | Field Army |
| Engagements | Gallipoli Campaign (World War I) |
| Commanders | |
| Notable commanders | Otto Liman von Sanders (March 1915–24 February 1918) Mahmut Kamil (February 1918) Mahmut Kamil (June–November 1918) |
The Fifth Army of the Ottoman Empire or Turkish Fifth Army was formed on March 24, 1915 and dissolved on October 1918. It was assigned the responsibility of defending the Dardanelles straits in World War I. The original commander of the army was the German military advisor to the Ottoman Empire, General Otto Liman von Sanders. The command passed to Vehip Pasha who became responsible for the Helles front while von Sanders still wielded considerable influence.
Contents
1 Order of Battle, April 1915
2 World War I
2.1 Order of Battle, Late Summer 1915
2.2 Order of Battle, August 1916
2.3 Order of Battle, December 1916
2.4 Order of Battle, August 1917, January 1918
2.5 Order of Battle, June, September 1918
3 After Mudros
3.1 Order of Battle, November 1918
4 Sources
5 External links
Order of Battle, April 1915
In Late April 1915, the army was structured as follows:[2]
III Corps (commanded by Esat Pasha)
7th Division, 9th Division, 19th Division (commanded by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk)
XV Corps (commanded by Colonel Hans Kannengiesser)
3rd Division, 11th Division
- Dardanelles Fortified Area Command
- One aircraft squadron
When the Allied campaign the Battle of Gallipoli, which aimed to seize the Dardanelles, commenced, the Fifth Army comprised two army Corps; the III Corps was defending the Gallipoli peninsula and the XV Corps was defending the Asian shore. The XV. Corps, also known as the "Asian Group." In addition, the 5th Division was positioned north of the peninsula under the command of First Army.
World War I
Order of Battle, Late Summer 1915
Disposition of the 5th Army at Gallipoli
The number of divisions involved in the defence of the peninsula expanded to ten and an unattached infantry regiment and a brigade of cavalry before the August Offensive. In Late Summer 1915, the army was structured as follows:[3]
I Corps
2nd Division, 3rd Division
II Corps
4th Division, 5th Division, 6th Division
III Corps
7th Division, 8th Division, 9th Division, 19th Division
IV Corps
10th Division, 11th Division, 12th Division
V Corps
13th Division, 14th Division, 15th Division
- Dardanelles Fortified Area Command
- One aircraft squadron
A further three divisions arranged in the "Asian Group." The four divisions at Anzac made up the III Corps. (6 at Helles, 4 at Anzac) plus additional[citation needed].
Order of Battle, August 1916
In August 1916, the army was structured as follows:[4]
I Corps
14th Division, 16th Division
- Dardanelles Fortified Area Command
Order of Battle, December 1916
In December 1916, the army was structured as follows:[5]
XIV Corps
57th Division, 59th Division
- Dardanelles Fortified Area Command
Order of Battle, August 1917, January 1918
In August 1917, January 1918, the army was structured as follows:[6]
XIV Corps
- 57th Division
XIX Corps
- 59th Division
XXI Corps
- 49th Division
- Dardanelles Fortified Area Command
Order of Battle, June, September 1918
In June, September 1918, the army was structured as follows:[7]
XIV Corps
- 57th Division
XIX Corps
- None
XXI Corps
- 49th Division
- Dardanelles Fortified Area Command
After Mudros
Order of Battle, November 1918
In November 1918, the army was structured as follows:[8]
I Corps
- 55th Division
XIV Corps
49th Division, 60th Division, 61st Division
Sources
^ David Nicolle, colour plates by Rafaelle Ruggeri, The Ottoman Army 1914–18, Men-at-Arms 269, Ospray Publishing Ltd., 1994, .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
ISBN 1-85532-412-1, p. 15.
^ Edward J. Erickson, Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War, Greenwood Press, 2001,
ISBN 0-313-31516-7, p. 86.
^ Edward J. Erickson, Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War, Greenwood Press, 2001,
ISBN 0-313-31516-7, p. 109.
^ Edward J. Erickson, Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War, Greenwood Press, 2001,
ISBN 0-313-31516-7, p. 134.
^ Edward J. Erickson, Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War, Greenwood Press, 2001,
ISBN 0-313-31516-7, p. 154.
^ Edward J. Erickson, Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War, Greenwood Press, 2001,
ISBN 0-313-31516-7, p. 170, 181.
^ Edward J. Erickson, Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War, Greenwood Press, 2001,
ISBN 0-313-31516-7, p. 188, 197.
^ Edward J. Erickson, Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War, Greenwood Press, 2001,
ISBN 0-313-31516-7, p. 202.
External links
- Turkish Army at Gallipoli
Comments
Post a Comment